Design of nanofluid-cooled heat sink using topology optimization

The paper presented topology optimization of 2D and 3D Nanofluid-Cooled Heat Sink (NCHS). The flow and heat transfer problem in the NCHS was treated as a single-phase nanofluid based convective heat transfer model. The temperature-dependent fluid properties were taken into account in the model due to the strong temperature-dependent features of nanofluids. An average temperature minimum problem was studied subject to the fluid area and energy dissipation constraints by using the density method. In the method, the design variable is updated according to the gradient information obtained by an adjoint based sensitivity analysis process. The effects of the energy dissipation constraint, temperature-dependent fluid properties and nanofluid characteristics on optimal configurations of NCHS were numerically investigated with following conclusions. Firstly, branched flow channels in the optimal configuration increased with the rise of the allowed energy dissipation. Secondly, temperature-dependent fluid properties were significant for obtaining the appropriate optimal results with best cooling performance. Thirdly, heat transfer performances of optimal configurations were enhanced by reducing the nanoparticle diameter or increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction. Fourthly, the optimal configuration for nanofluid had better cooling performance than that for its base fluid.     

Three dimensional temperature field in a conducting sphere due to an arbitrarily located split ring heating source

Thermal control of spacecrafts plays an important role in space missions. In the design stage the preliminary thermal analysis of the spacecraft requires an estimate of the conductive thermal resistance between the various spacecraft components. With this in mind, the fully three dimensional problem of determining the thermal field in a conducting sphere with an asymmetric split ring current carrying heating source is resolved in an analytical or almost analytical form, implying either a closed form solution or utmost expressions involving a simple numerical integration. This has immediate application for evaluation of thermal resistance in spacecrafts. Green's function integral techniques are used. Comparisons are made with series solutions and also with purely numerical solutions to contrast the simplicity and highlight the elegance of the present method. Parametric studies reveal expected behavior.     

基于区域热核不变量的SAR图像变化检测

快速精确地检测SAR图像的变化是SAR应用亟待解决的问题。针对这一问题,提出了基于区域热核不变量的SAR图像变化检测方法。该方法利用图上热核的特征,可以充分发挥图谱理论的优点,且计算简便、矩阵的扰动性小。通过模拟分析研究了热核的特征,并应用于实际SAR图像的变化检测。实验结果表明该方法可以快速精确地检测到变化区域,且其变化检测的精度要优于区域似然比检测方法。     

非均匀气动加热下隔热层结构的优化设计

为获得非均匀气动加热条件下高超声速飞行器不同部位的合适的热防护系统厚度,发展了一种基于网格变形技术（ASD）的隔热层结构优化方法。以高超声速飞行器的复合材料隔热层结构为研究对象,采用有限元法在局部均布热流载荷、三角形均变热流载荷和二次函数热流载荷等作用条件下建立隔热层结构的热固耦合分析模型,提出了基于ASD技术与热固耦合分析相结合的结构轻量化设计方法。结果表明,基于网格变形技术能够快速有效地解决优化过程中的网格自动更新问题,并得到了光滑柔顺的厚度形状曲线,优化后更充分发挥了隔热层结构各层材料的承载能力。     

Numerical study of forced convective heat transfer around a spherical aerostat

Forced convective heat transfer is one of the major factors that dominate the thermal behaviors of aerostats. Due to the large physical size, the convection around an aerostat has high Reynolds numbers. The existing forced convective heat transfer correlations are limited to the Reynolds number lower than 10⁵, which are not appropriate for aerostat applications. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a convective heat transfer correlation applicable to spherical aerostats at high Reynolds numbers. In this paper, steady convective heat transfer from an isothermal spherical aerostat is numerically investigated. The numerical simulation is carried out by commercial computational fluid dynamic software with the Reynolds number from 20 to 10⁸. The average Nusselt numbers are obtained and compared with those of available in literature. Based on regression and optimization with software, a new piecewise correlation of Nusselt number is proposed. The verification shows that the new correlation is reliable.     

激光增材制造低合金超高强度钢的组织与力学性能研究进展

激光增材制造技术可以实现超高强度钢大型复杂关键重载构件的高性能精确成形,同时还可用于损伤零件的快速修复,在航空航天等领域的应用日益广泛.介绍了激光增材制造低合金超高强度钢的成形特性,评述了激光增材制造过程中热累积对低合金超高强度钢显微组织的影响规律,探讨了显微组织和热处理对激光增材制造低合金超高强度钢力学性能的作用机理...     

短扰流柱排端壁的平均换热实验

为了深入了解涡轮叶片尾缘扰流柱区域的端壁换热情况,针对梯形通道高稠度短扰流柱排,沿着弦向和径向都有出流或只沿径向出流的情况,通过实验测量了端壁换热分布,研究了弦向出流比(0.25～1)和弦向出流雷诺数(3×104～9×104)对端壁换热的影响。实验结果表明:(1)端壁平均努塞尔数随着雷诺数增加而增加,随着出流比的增加先下降,出流比从0.75到1平均努塞尔数又略增加。(2)不同出流比情况下,沿着弦向和径向努塞尔数的变化具有不同的规律。     

一种模拟整星热环境的小型单机热平衡试验

文章通过对一个典型的单机热分析和热试验的研究,提出了一种小型单机热平衡试验方法,模拟单机在整星环境下的热平衡试验,以避免只为验证其热设计而再次补做整星热平衡试验。为准确模拟单机在星内的辐射和导热过程,通过灰体间辐射热网络法和仪器安装板处单元体热平衡法,给出了等效辐射特征点和等效导热特征点的确定方法;并结合试验结果,对模型修正的合理性、局限性进行了分析,提出了在实际应用过程中应注意的问题。     

圆柱状含液体介质的空间辐射器的传热效率

给出了求解典型圆柱状态含液体介质的空间辐射器传热效率的解析计算公式,降低了辐射器传热效率计算的复杂度,通过与数值计算结果的比对分析,认为用流体入口温度代替辐射器平均温度的假设在工程上是能够接受的,其引起的偏差小于5%。     

空客320货舱衬板复合材料的热解和燃烧特性

使用热重分析仪和锥形量热仪在相同条件下分析对比两种试验材料空客320货舱衬板（玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂）和3240玻纤板-FR4（玻璃纤维/环氧树脂）的热解和燃烧特性。试验结果表明：空客320货舱衬板和3240玻纤板-FR4的热解分为4个和3个阶段,货舱衬板的初始热分解温度、点燃时间及燃烧时长均小于3240玻纤板-FR4。3240玻纤板-FR4的有烟时间、产烟率（RSR）及总产烟量（TSR）大于货舱衬板,且产烟率（RSR）及总产烟量（TSR）分别是货舱衬板的2倍、3.45倍;3240玻纤板-FR4的热释放速率（HRR）及总热释放量（THR）大于货舱衬板,且热释放速率峰值（pk-HRR）及总热释放量（THR）分别是货舱衬板的1.47倍、1.94倍。故空客320货舱衬板在火灾发生后对人的生命安全及飞机的运行安全危险性小。