冲击-发散冷却火焰筒浮动瓦片三维壁温计算分析

论述了采用冲击-发散冷却技术的火焰筒浮动瓦片的传热计算分析方法, 以及传热数学模型和边界条件处理.并采用ANSYS程序的热分析模块对浮动瓦片的三维壁温场进行了计算.计算结果与试验结果进行了对比分析, 两者有较好的吻合性, 计算值与试验值的相对误差不大于6%.      

宽高比对尾向可见明火矩形喷管红外抑制特性影响研究

以国外某型先进无人机上使用的涡扇发动机为基础,缩比4.3倍得到轴对称收敛喷管AR0,并在出口面积相同的条件下改变喷口形状得到5组不同宽高比(W/H=1～1)的矩形喷管模型(AR1～AR1).用傅立叶红外光谱仪对喷管与热喷流在3～5 μm波段上的红外辐射进行了测试.研究发现,与轴对称喷管相比,矩形喷管减小了红外源的辐射,起到了明显的红外抑制作用,并且其红外抑制特性随着宽高比的增大是逐渐增强的.      

Quasi-static tensile behavior of large-diameter thin-walled Ti–6Al–4V tubes at elevated temperature

As promising light-weight and high-performance structure components, large-diameter thin-walled(LDTW) Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy(TC4) bent tubes are needed most urgently in many industries such as aviation and aerospace. Warm bending may be a feasible way for manufacturing these components. Understanding their temperature and strain rate dependent tensile behavior is the foundation for formability improvement and warm bending design. In this paper, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted at elevated temperatures ranging from 298 K to 873 K at tensile velocities of 2, 10, 15 mm/min. The main results show that the tensile behavior of LDTW TC4 tubes is different from that of TC4 sheets. The typical elongation of TC4 tubes at room temperature is 10%lower than that of TC4 sheets. The flow stress of TC4 tubes decreases greatly by about 50% with the temperature rising to 873 K. At temperatures of 573–673 K, the hardening exponent is at its highest value, which means the deformation mechanism changes from twining to more dislocation movement by slipping. The fracture elongation of TC4 tubes fluctuates with increasing temperature,which is associated with changes in the deformation mechanism and with the blue brittleness. The fractography of TC4 tubes at various temperatures, especially at 673 K, shows that second phases and impurities significantly influence fracture elongation. By considering the characteristics of the tensile behavior and by properly choosing the die material, the warm bending for TC4 tubes can be achieved at temperatures of 723–823 K.     

直管式科氏质量流量计的1种新型结构

叙述了1种直管式科氏质量流量计的新型双管结构。它克服了以往采用双检测管结构存在2管特性不一致而引入附加误差的缺点和单管结构存在壳体振动引起阻尼误差的缺点。文中对新结构的原理和具体实现方法作了详细介绍，并且新的双管结构已被实现，取得了很好的性能。     

B/Al复合管材的轴压破坏及力学性能分析

对B／Al复合管材进行了整体轴压破坏试验，并对材料基本力学性能进行了测试。结果表明，管材轴压的理论计算值比试验破坏值小得多，平均修正系数达1．57；管材基本力学性能σ拉伸、E拉伸分别达到了1130MPa,228GPa,σ压缩、E压缩达到了2510MPa,243GPa。对管材破坏模式的研究认为，为了提高管子的压缩破坏载荷，必须减小管子与接头处的应力集中，改进管子的成型工艺，尽力消除管子成型模具接缝处的薄弱区。     

几种矩形二维柱体节段模型上脉动力的测量

本文运用一种气动力直接测量方法在风洞的平滑流中测量了几种不同高宽比的二维矩形柱体上的脉动力，给出了它们的脉动升力系数的均方根值及斯特洛哈数，测量到在高宽比为０．７的柱体上有旋涡脱落诱发的顺风向脉动力。当风速变化时，顺风向脉动力的主导频率等于脉动升力频率或为其倍频。     

化学气相沉积法制备铼管的研究

采用化学气相沉积方法研制成功我国第一只铼管(φ12.5mm×30mm),研究了铼管的组织结构和其他性能.金相及扫描电镜观察表明,化学气相沉积法制备的铼材基本无缺陷,密度接近理论值;维氏硬度测量值高于加工态工业铼片.化学气相沉积是一种制备铼管的可行且有效的方法.     

气体引射器的一维流动特性计算及优化设计

本文根据射流理论、气体力学基本方程，考虑混合室进出口截面的速度损失，同时引用管内的壁面摩擦系数推导出引射器流动特性计算式，并用等面积引射器举例计算和试验对比，证明本文方法是正确。本文同时利用数学规划论的方法进行引射器的优化设计，和传统设计对比，证明优化方法节能，计算速度快。     

PC—DIO─96接口板在大尺寸计量标准中的应用

介绍了美国NI公司的数据采集板PC—DIO—96的功能,及其在Windows95下软硬件的安装,描述了如何使用其随板软件包,并给出了其三种主要功能（线功能、口功能和组功能）的程序框图。详细介绍了在“建立大尺寸计量标准”题目中应用该板进行环境参数的采集和电机控制。     

Analysis of the Micrometeoroid and Debris Hazard Posed to an Orbiting Parabolic Mirror

Many concepts of future space systems involve the use of parabolic mirrors for optical applications. The need for a highly reflective finish means that performance of such systems will be particularly vulnerable to space debris and micrometeoroids. A case study was performed to examine the micrometeoroid and debris hazard posed to an orbiting parabolic mirror. The mirror considered was nominally Earth-pointed in a circular orbit with two candidate altitudes in low Earth orbit (LEO), well within the region inhabited by man-made debris. The timeframes of interest for the two missions were 2002–2004 and 2005–2015. Microgram and larger particles were considered.To perform this study, it was necessary to determine the debris and meteoroid flux across the parabolic surface. To assess sensitivity of results to uncertainity in available data, two approaches were taken. The first approach was an analytical procedure based on use of long duration exposure facility (LDEF) data and published theoretical results. The second approach used two readily available computer models: the ESA MASTER model and NASA's ORDEM96. In addition, an in-house implementation of the Grün meteoroid model was used. While multiple results were available for the total flux and flux distributed over azimuth, only the MASTER model was available for generating the desired elevation data to obtain the flux distribution over the parabolic mirror. In an attempt to bound the uncertainty in the knowledge of the elevation distribution, the results from both the MASTER and ORDEM96 models were processed together to form a separate, hybrid prediction. In addition, results were used in the preliminary design of a protective skirt.This case study elucidated the practical obstacles and considerations in performing a sufficiently accurate debris and meteoroid analysis using data and tools that are readily available to the broad space sector. The resulting procedures are useful in the assessment of the risk posed to optics by the meteoroid and debris environment and in the design of protection.