Non-fragile switched control for morphing aircraft with asynchronous switching

This paper deals with the problem of non-fragile linear parameter-varying (LPV) H∞ control for morphing aircraft with asynchronous switching.The switched LPV model of morphing aircraft is established by Jacobian linearization approach according to the nonlinear model.The data missing is taken into account in the link from sensors to controllers and the link from controllers to actuators,which satisfies Bernoulli distribution.The non-fragile switched LPV controllers are con structed with consideration of the uncertainties of controllers and asynchronous switching phenomenon.The parameter-dependent Lyapunov functional method and mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) method are combined to guarantee the stability and prescribed performance of the system.The sufficient conditions on the solvability of the problem are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI).In order to achieve higher efficiency of the designing process,an algo rithm is applied to divide the whole set into subsets automatically.Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the method in the paper.     

Tribological evaluation of surface modified H13 tool steel in warm forming of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet

The H13 hot-working tool steel is widely used as die material in the warm forming of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet. However, under the heating condition, severe friction and lubricating conditions between the H13 tools and Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet would cause difficulty in guaranteeing forming quality. Surface modification may be used to control the level of friction force, reduce the friction wear and extend the service life of dies. In this paper, four surface modification methods(chromium plating, TiAlN coating, surface polishing and nitriding treatment)were applied to the H13 surfaces. Taking the coefficient of friction(CoF) and the wear degree as evaluation indicators, the high-temperature tribological behavior of the surface modified H13 steel was experimentally investigated under different tribological conditions. The results of this study indicate that the tribological properties of the TiAlN coating under dry friction condition are better than the others for a wide range of temperature(from room temperature to 500 C), while there is little difference of tribological properties between different surface modifications under graphite lubricated condition, and the variation law of CoF with temperature under graphite lubricated is opposite to that under the dry friction.     

海上动态条件下静电陀螺监控器启动技术

静电陀螺监控器在航天测量船列装是该设备在国内首次被应用于大型水面舰艇。在此之前其设计方案以及启动策略全部针对于水下舰艇,对于航天测量船而言没有任何经验可以借鉴。因此,探索静电陀螺监控器在海上动态条件下的高精度启动技术成为了当前该设备在航天测量船应用中的主要问题。针对该问题,通过分析静电陀螺监控器启动的关键过程,结合设备工作原理,重点对海上动态条件下静电陀螺监控器的启动技术和相关参数进行了研究,实现了静电陀螺监控器在海上动态条件下的高精度启动。该技术目前已经成熟并且成功应用于测量船测控任务。     

高超声速飞行器模型不确定性影响分析

吸气式高超声速飞行器具有严重的弹性机体和推进系统耦合的典型特征,其分析模型存在较大的不确定性,标称系统和真实系统之间存在偏差,因此研究不确定性对稳定性的影响对于控制器设计具有重要意义。针对典型的乘波体构型高超声速飞行器,建立了气动/结构/推进相互耦合的动力学模型,总结了建模中的不确定因素并将其以加性不确定模型的形式表示出来。以不确定性矩阵的最大奇异值为边界模型,以不确定性矩阵的H∞范数来表示不确定性因素对稳定性影响的大小,并通过不确定性矩阵的边界曲线分析不确定因素对模态特性的影响。结果表明,惯性因素的不确定性对稳定性的影响最大,而且其对飞行器的短周期模态和弹性模态均有较大的影响;同时,对于这一类飞行器的控制器设计必须考虑飞行器的弹性自由度。     

One-week habitation of two humans in an airtight facility with two goats and 23 crops – Analysis of carbon,oxygen, and water circulation

Human habitation and animal holding experiments in a closed environment, the Closed Ecology Experiment Facilities (CEEF), were carried out. The CEEF were established for collecting experimental data to estimate carbon transfer in the ecosystem around Rokkasho nuclear fuel reprocessing plant. Circulation of O₂ and CO₂, and supply of food from crops cultivated in the CEEF were conducted for the first time in the habitation experiments. Two humans known as eco-nauts inhabited the CEEF, living and working in the Plant Module (PM) and the Animal and Habitation Module (AHM), for a week three times in 2005. On a fresh weight basis, 82% of their food was supplied from 23 crops including rice and soybean, cultivated and harvested in the PM, in the 2nd and 3rd experiments. For the goats, the animals held in the experiments, all of their feed, consisting of rice straw, soybean plant leaves, and peanut shells and peanut plant leaves, was produced in the PM in the 2nd and 3rd experiments. The O₂ produced in the PM by photosynthesis of the crops was separated by the O₂ separator using molecular sheaves, then accumulated, transferred, and supplied to the AHM atmosphere. The CO₂ produced in the AHM by respiration of the humans and animals was separated by the CO₂ separator using solid amine, then accumulated, transferred, and supplied to the PM atmosphere. The amount of O₂ consumed in the AHM was 46–51% of that produced in the PM, and the amount of CO₂ produced in the AHM was 43–56% of that consumed in the PM. The surplus of O₂ and the shortage of CO₂ was a result of the fact that waste of the goats and the crops and part of the human waste were not processed in these habitation experiments. The estimated amount of carbon ingested by the eco-nauts was 64–92% of that in the harvested edible part of the crops. The estimated amount of carbon ingested by the goats was 36–53% of that in the harvested inedible part of the crops. One week was not enough time for determination of gas exchange especially for humans and animals, because fluctuation of their gas exchange was quite high. The amount of transpired water collected as condensate was 818–938 L d⁻¹, and it was recycled as replenishing water compensating transpiration loss of nutrient solution. The amount of waste nutrient solution discharged from the PM was 1421–1644 L d⁻¹. The waste nutrient solutions from rice and other crops were processed through micro filters (MFs) separately. The MF filtrated solutions were processed with reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filter separately and divided into filtrated water and concentrated waste nutrient solution. The concentrated waste nutrient solution from the crops other than rice was processed through an ultra-micro filter (UF) and reused, although that from rice was discharged in 2005. Concentrations of nutritional ions in the UF filtrated solution were determined, the depleted ions were added back, the UF filtrated solution was diluted with the RO membrane filtrated water, and the nutrient solution for the crops other than rice was regenerated. The nutrient solution for rice was newly made each time, using concentrated solution from an external source and the RO membrane filtrated water. Average amounts of water used in the AHM (L d⁻¹) were determined as follows: drinking by humans (filtrated water), 1.5; cooking, etc. (filtrated water other than for drinking), 14.3; drinking by goats, 3.8; showering (hot water), 13.2; showering (cold water), 0.1; washing of hand and face and brushing teeth, 4.1; washing of dishes, dish clothes and towels, 36.4; and washing of animal holding tools, 0.3. The waste water was processed by a RO purification system and recycled for toilet flushing and animal pens washing. A circulation experiment for water was started in 2006 and a circulation experiment for waste materials is planned for 2007. In 2006, a single duration of the air circulation experiments was 2 weeks, although the human habitants were changed after 1 week.     

光刻技术在整体式层板催化剂床研究中的应用

采用自主设计研制的高精度双面自对准光刻模具和标准MEMS光刻工艺技术研制出整体式层板催化剂床板片,简要介绍了光刻工艺原理、工艺流程和工艺过程。光刻加工出的板片满足设计要求,板片经过电镀和真空扩散焊接工艺形成了整体式催化剂床,该床成功地通过了热点火试车。催化剂床床载为16.5g/(cm2·s),分解效率为97%,室压粗糙度小于2%。     

DVB-T/H调制器中多模式OFDM的FPGA设计与实现

阐述2K、4K和8K三种模式兼容的正交频分复用(OFDM)的实现方法,给出综合与仿真验证结果。核心模块快速傅立叶逆变换(IFFT)采用基于16位定点运算的基-2时间抽取算法和流水线结构。为防止定点溢出,提高精度,采取位扩展、输出数据统计定标等措施,在三种工作模式下,IFFT的输出信噪比均达到74dB。在OFDM实现过程中提出一种新算法,将频谱调整转移到IFFT中处理,减少延时,节省存储资源约109Kbit。提出多级CORDIC运算结构,在每级单元中实现一定次数的迭代,以满足更小硬件开销的FFT/IFFT需要。上述新算法和运算结构已成功应用于实际系统中。     

基于LMI的降阶鲁棒控制器设计

基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的 H_∞设计方法给出了所有全阶和降阶控制器的参数化结果,其中降阶控制器的求解需要满足一个秩条件,这个秩条件是非凸的.为了避开非凸问题的求解,提出了一种新的设计降阶控制器的凸优化方法,从而得到了保证H_∞性能指标的降阶控制器.为了减少保守性,进而基于投影原理提出了一种设计更低阶次鲁棒控制器的新方法.该方法为系统的H_∞性能与控制器期望阶次的折中设计提供了一条可行途径.