On early cognitive mapping

In this paper we examine the nature of theearly cognitive map – the beginnings of acognitive map formed from one's earlyimpressions of the environment one is in. Twodistinct paradigms have emerged from ourstudies of what information is initially identified in a cognitive map. The first, which weterm a space-based approach, emphasises makingexplicit the spatial extent of the currentlocal environment. The second emphasises makingexplicit the relationships between objects inthe local environment and we call this anobject-based approach. For both paradigms weexamine the psychological literature to findsupport for the approach and the roboticists'attempts at implementing the idea. We arguethat a space-based approach is the moreappropriate way to compute an early cognitivemap. In particular, we find that Siegel andWhite's (1975) object-based hypothesis, whichstates that the developmental progression of acognitive map is from landmark to route tosurvey map, is not supported. The space-basedparadigm underpins our own work in this areaand we outline our own space-based theory forcomputing an early cognitive map.     

线形浮标阵搜潜时无人机监听航路规划

航空反潜时,无人机代替有人机对浮标阵进行监听是无人机在未来战场上的重要应用之一。以无人机独立执行监听线形浮标阵任务为背景,在对巡逻搜潜时线形浮标阵的布设进行分析并提出无人机航路的代价函数后,根据浮标阵的特点,规划出了平行监听和垂直监听2种无人机监听浮标阵方案,并对所规划航路的技术指标进行了分析。通过仿真,对这2种方案进行了验证,仿真结果分析表明了2种方案的优劣。     

Dysfunctions of Spatial Cognition in Schizophrenic Patients

ABSTRACT

Twenty outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 28 control participants were invited to learn a route through a complex outdoor environment. They were then tested in tasks intended to explore various aspects of their memorized representation of the navigational episode. Compared to controls, the patients showed significant impairment in both the verbal production of route directions and the drawing of sketch maps. They referred to fewer landmarks and provided fewer directional instructions than the controls, while making a greater number of irrelevant comments. When invited to distinguish between photographs showing views of landmarks encountered along the route and distractors, they performed as well as the controls, and they had similar response times. However, when they were presented with pairs of actual photographs taken along the route, they displayed special difficulty in deciding which of the two landmarks was encountered first along the route. This difficulty in retrieving the sequential structure of the navigational episode suggests that the patients' memories were not accurately linked to one another in their mental representation of the route. These findings are interpreted in the context of current hypotheses about the hippocampal impairment that affects schizophrenic patients.     

基于障碍凸化的改进环流APF路径规划

为改善人工势场法（APF）在复杂障碍环境下的路径规划能力，提出基于障碍凸化的改进环流APF路径规划方法。通过改变APF方法斥力势场的方向，使其形成绕行障碍边缘的环流，改善了APF方法在平台-目标位置连线与障碍边界垂直时可能陷入局部极小值的问题。针对多边形障碍（凹、凸）与圆形障碍，给出包括障碍初始化与相交障碍集合迭代凸化步骤的障碍凸化方法，将复杂障碍空间转换成为凸障碍的空间，避免平台进入凹多边形或相交障碍产生的凹区域而无解的问题。在仿真环境中，对比了传统APF方法、未使用障碍凸化的环流APF方法、使用障碍凸化的环流APF方法的路径规划结果，并分析了不同障碍数量、相交障碍数量条件下的方法计算耗时。根据结果，使用障碍凸化的环流APF方法能够明显改善APF方法在复杂障碍环境下的路径规划能力，方法实时性好，每个障碍所需的单步计算耗时约为0.02~0.03 ms，能够支持平台在复杂障碍环境下的在线路径规划。     

反舰导弹航路规划仿真系统设计

应用Visual C ,OpenGL和Matlab联合编程设计了基于PC机的反舰导弹航路规划仿真系统。介绍了仿真系统框架设计,说明了遗传算法在航路规划中的应用,讨论了系统的程序流程和软件编程技术。     

制导系统误差系数天地因子的一致性检验

导弹飞行试验时制导系统误差系数(工具误差)与地面试验的误差系数是否一致(或部分一致),这是人们比较关心的问题,本文从理论上介绍了线性模型假设检验方法,应用这种方法检验制导系统工具误差天地因子的一致性,若一致(或部分一致)则验前信息可被充分利用以提高制导系统误差系数分离的效果。     

Identifying vital edges in Chinese air route network via memetic algorithm

Due to rapid development in the past decade, air transportation system has attracted considerable research attention from diverse communities. While most of the previous studies focused on airline networks, here we systematically explore the robustness of the Chinese air route network, and identify the vital edges which form the backbone of Chinese air transportation system. Specifically, we employ a memetic algorithm to minimize the network robustness after removing certain edges, and hence the solution of this model is the set of vital edges. Counterintuitively, our results show that the most vital edges are not necessarily the edges of the highest topological importance, for which we provide an extensive explanation from the microscope view. Our findings also offer new insights to understanding and optimizing other real-world network systems.     

基于多级优化的粒子群算法在航迹规划中的应用

针对粒子群算法后期存在寻优效率降低、收敛缓慢等问题,提出了多级优化算法。该算法具有局部快速收敛特性,通过对粒子群所生成的最优粗略解进行局部最优处理,从而能够快速地从粗略解中提取出全局最优信息,将粗略解变为最优解。仿真结果显示,该组合算法能将粒子群算法的全局搜索特性和多级优化算法的局部优化特性有机结合起来,达到了准确而快速生成路径的目的。     

基于空域灵活使用的区域航路航线运行管理

利用临时航线和固定航线等手段,建立了区域管制下以最小运行成本为目标的规划模型,在模型中引入了不同机型单位时间的运营成本和临时航线的运营成本来计算总运行成本,并以此为适应度函数,通过遗传算法实现对航班选择飞行航路航线优化,以降低运行成本。计算结果表明:利用模型管理机制进行优化后,经过指定区域的所有航班运行成本与航班在区域外等待成本之和比之前降低约10%。     

复合制导中的优化制导律研究

研究了飞行器精密制导方式之一复合制导律优化问题，首先给出了采用串联式复合制导飞行器的几咱中、末优化制导律，利用文中所述改进的最速下降优化方法，选择了中制导采用最佳预测制导律，末制导制采用改进的比例导引律的比例系数Ｋ的最优值，最后结合实便进行了仿真计算。