基于微分平坦方法的三维制导律设计

针对强耦合条件下的三维制导问题提出了一种新的设计框架。滚动引起的俯仰、偏航通道之间的强耦合关系,使得双通道解耦的三维制导律设计困难,使用微分平坦方法可以克服这一困难。首先使用矢量建立了导弹的一般运动学描述,并由此证明导弹制导系统是微分平坦的。依据系统的平坦输出设计比例-微分(PD)控制律可以实现目标静止或机动时的制导。进一步,通过对PD参数的适当约束可以实现任意落角及任意入射方位角的制导。仿真结果验证了该设计的优点。     

一种弹道拦截的HP滑模制导律

为了解决拦截器导引头探测由于高速作战引起的干扰问题,一种新的拦截制导方法HP(Head Pursuit)制导正逐步发展起来,这种导引方法是将拦截器导引到目标轨道的前方进行拦截,要求拦截器的速度低于目标的速度,因此可以消除拦截器的气动加热问题,从而降低对拦截器探测设备的要求.在分析了目标和拦截器的运动学模型的基础上,提出了HP导引律的设计方案.并且根据滑模变结构控制具有鲁棒性的特点,设计了HP滑模变结构制导律,通过拦截器拦截目标弹道数字仿真,验证了制导律的正确性.     

从伊拉克战争看制导技术发展历程

本文从伊拉克战争引起的对制导技术的关注着手,以制导技术发展历程为主线,从V2导弹、捷联系统、平台系统研制、月球登陆到GPS系统以及精确制导武器的应用分析,对于制导技术的诞生、成长、发展的各个阶段进行了描述,并结合伊拉克战争,分析了制导技术在现代战争中所发挥的巨大作用。     

Finite-time composite guidance law with input constraint and dynamics compensation

Guidance laws are proposed for a near space interceptor with on–off type thrust as output. The target-interceptor engagement kinematics is integrated with the first-order dynamics of thruster to design guidance laws. The bang-bang type guidance law with linear sliding mode is proposed to deal with thruster dynamics, and the sufficient condition for finite time convergence is rigorously proved based on the finite-time convergence theory. According to the sufficient condition, a sliding mode guidance law with hysteresis-band switching is introduced to reduce the switching frequency of thruster. Then two guidance laws are combined into a composite guidance law to improve the guidance performance. Simulation results show that the line-of-sight angular rate can converge to a neighborhood of the equilibrium point before the final time of the guidance process, and the composite guidance law has better performance than typical guidance laws.     

用于平台连续瞄准和校准的卡尔曼滤波器

本文为提高制导精度,讨论了用于惯性平台的连续瞄准、校准的卡尔曼滤波器,介绍平台系统和加速度表的误差模型、参数辨识的卡尔曼滤波方法及重力残数加速度表校准原理。     

制导站可靠性验证试验中的故障统计

故障统计是制导站可靠性验证试验中最重要的环节之一。制导站是一个可修复的大型系统，其中电子元件数以十万计，技术难度高，造价亦高。通过对预防性维修、短寿命元器件超期使用、可靠性增长的纠正措施、责任故障和非责任故障、故障定级和加权系数等问题的分析，提出了制导站可靠性验证试验中故障统计的实用程序及流程框图。     

宇宙飞行器定点着陆自动控制算法

本文描述了宇宙飞行器以第一宇宙速度返回地面并定点着陆的控制算法。分析了在大气中下降的过程，研究了下降段上的空间运动。给出了数值计算机上的模拟结果。本报告共分为４部分。     

Trajectory reshaping based guidance with impact time and angle constraints

This study presents a novel impact time and angle constrained guidance law for homing missiles. The guidance law is first developed with the prior-assumption of a stationary target, which is followed by the practical extension to a maneuvering target scenario. To derive the closed-form guidance law, the trajectory reshaping technique is utilized and it results in defining a specific poly-nomial function with two unknown coefficients. These coefficients are determined to satisfy the impact time and angle constraints as well as the zero miss distance. Furthermore, the proposed guidance law has three additional guidance gains as design parameters which make it possible to adjust the guided trajectory according to the operational conditions and missile’s capability. Numerical simulations are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed guidance law. ? 2016 Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).     

载人航天器的再入与回收

文中主要概述了美国载人飞船回收技术的发展,介绍了保证载人飞船安全返回着陆的方法、采用的回收控制技术、地面对再入返回段的测控支持、载人飞船的回收作业、载人飞船的应急返回和回收救援等技术问题。     

运载火箭制导系统惯性器件误差补偿方法研究

提供了对运载火箭制导系统惯性器件的各项主要误差在飞行中进行实时补偿的方法，以提高运载火箭将卫星送入轨道的精度。文中以中等精度惯性器件为例，对运载火箭计算其补偿效果。