出口-入口面积比对收缩扩张形孔气膜冷却特性影响的机理研究

本文选取Realizable k-ε湍流模型和增强壁面函数,采用数值模拟研究了两种出口-入口面积比不同的收缩扩张形孔的气膜冷却机理.结果表明:出口-入口面积比AR变化对收缩扩张形孔气膜冷却的流场、温度场结构特点没有本质的影响,因此对冷却效率和换热系数的分布规律都没有明显影响;但AR变化对收缩扩张形孔的冷却效率和换热系数...     

一种基于空芯光子晶体光纤的气体检测装置研究

光谱分析技术在大气污染检测领域具有广泛的应用前景。文章从吸收光谱的测量原理出发,提出一种基于空芯光子晶体光纤的气体检测装置实验方案,通过对不同浓度的甲醇和三氯乙烯样品进行测量,并根据3标准对测量结果进行分析,发现系统对甲醇和三氯乙烯的检测灵敏度可以达到ppmv量级。     

非叠氮燃气发生剂配方研制进展

介绍了国内外非叠氮燃气发生剂的研制进展。对出现的四唑类、胍类、铝热剂类等非叠氮配方的高氮化合物燃料、氧化剂、黏合剂、工艺助剂等特点和发展做了总结和讨论,指出非叠氮高氮化合物有无毒、燃速范围宽、产气量大、燃温低等优点,正在取代叠氮配方燃气发生剂,得到广泛应用。     

Comparison of magnetic flux tube and cosmic string behavior in Kerr metric

Cosmic strings are topological defects which were generated at a transition phase of the very early Universe and are probably responsible for large-scale structure forming. However, they may pull through all history and exist in the recent epoch. Thus, they can have influence for the recent Universe interacting with different objects. We consider the cosmic string behavior in the vicinity of a spinning black hole by means of a numerical simulation. Here we present preliminary results of this work via a comparison of cosmic string and magnetic flux tube behavior in the Kerr metric. Such an approach follows from the similarity of the equations which describe these objects. Therefore, many aspects of this behavior may be comparable.     

太阳极区低日冕重离子的回旋波加热机制

采用电子、质子、氦核和另外一种微量离子代替氧离子的4组元模型分别计算了Fe^11 ,Mg^9 ,Mg^7 ,Ne^7 和Si^7 等微量离子的漂移速度和温度，并和SUMER的观测结果进行了比较。     

有机废水对光催化还原Cr(VI)的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2光催化剂,在紫外灯照射下研究不同类型的有机废水对Cr(VI)的光催化还原影响。结果表明:延长反应时间并不能大幅度提高Cr(VI)的还原率;当pH=2.7时,Cr(VI)的还原率最好;苯酚添加量控制在反应液体积5%以下为宜;添加三种有机废水的反应结束后,放置于自然状态下,均表现出对Cr(VI)后续的还原能力,在三种有机废水中,最适宜的Cr(VI)空穴捕获剂是垃圾渗滤液。     

The non-linear behavior of the black hole system GRS 1915+105

The Black hole system GRS 1915+105 exhibits various types of long term variability. Here we show that this behavior can be explained in terms of a deterministic non-linear system. In particular, evidence is provided for a non-linear deterministic limit cycle origin of the low frequency QPO exhibited by this source.     

涡轮径向轮缘密封非定常燃气入侵和封严效率的数值研究

为防止燃气入侵涡轮盘腔,提高运行安全性,对盘腔和轮缘密封间隙内非定常流动机理进行了深入研究。采用数值求解三维URANS（Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes）和SST湍流模型的方法,研究了涡轮径向轮缘密封的非定常燃气入侵和封严效率。数值计算的径向轮缘密封的封严效率和环量比与实验数据吻合一致,验证了数值方法的可靠性。分析了6种冷气流量下径向轮缘密封的非定常压力分布、封严效率和燃气入侵与冷气出流特性。研究表明：冷气流量的增加阻止了径向轮缘密封处的燃气入侵和强化了冷气出流,径向轮缘密封盘腔内的封严效率随着冷气流量的增加而增加;动盘附近的封严效率高于静盘;入侵燃气基本被限制在径向轮缘密封的间隙区域。径向轮缘密封间隙出口处的主流周向时均压力随着冷气流量的增加而增加,周向时均压力最大值与最小值的差值随着冷气流量的增加而减小。当动叶前缘与静叶尾缘距离较近且不断靠近的过程,主流周向压力最大值与最小值的差值增大,动静叶相分离的过程周向压力最大值和最小值的差值减小。在静叶和动叶间非定常干涉作用下,轮缘密封间隙出口区域主流周向压力最大值与最小值差值较大时刻的主流低压区域具有优良的封严效率,同时高压区域的燃气入侵导致封严效率降低。     

孔强化对7050铝合金残余应力分布的影响

采用开缝衬套冷挤压工艺对飞机用7050铝合金进行挤压强化,针对不同挤压量及铰削量对孔边残余应力分布的影响进行对比,分析得到挤压量及铰削量与残余应力分布的关系.研究表明:采用冷挤压孔强化技术可以改善孔边应力分布,形成有利的残余压应力层.强化后铰孔会减弱残余压应力,对于φ6mm孔铰削量应控制在0.16mm范围内.残余压应力随强化量的增加而增大,5％的挤压量残余压应力值最大达到-276MPa.     

Evaluating the robustness of the enantioselective stationary phases on the Rosetta mission against space vacuum vaporization

The European Space Agency’s Rosetta mission was launched in March 2004 in order to reach comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by August 2014. The Cometary Sampling and Composition experiment (COSAC) onboard the Rosetta mission’s lander “Philae” has been designed for the cometary in situ detection and quantification of organic molecules using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The GC unit of COSAC is equipped with eight capillary columns that will each provide a specific stationary phase for molecular separation. Three of these stationary phases will be used to chromatographically resolve enantiomers, as they are composed of liquid polymers of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to which chiral valine or cyclodextrin units are attached. Throughout the ten years of Rosetta’s journey through space to reach comet 67P, these liquid stationary phases have been exposed to space vacuum, as the capillary columns within the COSAC unit were not sealed or filled with carrier gas. Long term exposures to space vacuum can cause damage to such liquid stationary phases as key monomers, volatiles, and chiral selectors can be vaporized and lost in transit. We have therefore exposed identical spare units of COSAC’s chiral stationary phases over eight years to vacuum conditions mimicking those experienced in space and we have now investigated their resolution capabilities towards different enantiomers both before and after exposure to space vacuum environments. We have observed that enantiomeric resolution capabilities of these chiral liquid enantioselective stationary phases has not been affected by exposure to space vacuum conditions. Thus we conclude that the three chiral stationary phases of the COSAC experiment onboard the Rosetta mission lander “Philae” can be considered to have maintained their resolution capacities throughout their journey prior to cometary landing in November 2014.