A review of recent studies on rotating internal cooling for gas turbine blades

Gas turbines have been used extensively for aircraft and marine propulsions as well as land-based power generation because of their high thermal efficiency and large power to weight ratios. To further increase the thermal efficiency, numerous prior researches on gas turbine blade internal cooling have been intensively carried out, majorly under stationary conditions. However, the stationary studies neglect the effects of Coriolis and buoyancy forces, which should change the velocity, turbulence and temperature distribution under rotating conditions. To elucidate the rotational effects on gas turbine internal cooling, the extensive results collected from recent investigations are discussed, which include the rotation and buoyancy effects on the rib turbulated cooling, pin fin cooling, jet impingement cooling, dimple/protrusion cooling, latticework cooling as well as swirl cooling. The rotational effects on the friction factors and the most employed experimental and numerical methods are also presented. Moreover, recommendations for future research are outlined. Therefore, this review article provides extensive literature information for the design of the next-generation high-efficiency internal cooling for rotating turbine blades.     

环瓣式浮环密封表面瑞利台阶型槽气体润滑动压特性

为提高密封气膜的开启能力以满足长寿命设计要求,基于气体润滑理论研究了环瓣式浮环密封表面瑞利台阶型槽的动压特性.采用有限差分方法,数值计算了密封气膜压力分布和动压效应,分析了操作参数和型槽几何参数对密封气膜压力和泄漏率的影响规律.结果表明,表面瑞利台阶型槽可以产生明显的气体润滑动压效应,可使得密封气膜平均压力和泄漏率分别...     

恒压式气体微流量计的设计

恒压式气体微流量计是校准气体微流量的一种装置,校准范围为（１７．１－１＊１０＾－５）Ｐａ．Ｌ／ｓ,不确定度于小于２％,可采用直接测量法和比较测量法对标准漏孔进行校准。文章介绍恒压式气体微流量计的设计方法和结构参数的选择。     

漏率与压力关系的研究

在高压密封系统中,漏率与压力的关系,目前仍然处于探索之中。对不同的刚性物理漏孔进行了不同压力状态下的漏率试验,发现了漏率的函数关系。在试验的基础上,经理论分析,验证了其规律的正确性。同时,发现随着漏孔长度的减少而压力指数变大的规律。     

A combined technique of Kalman filter,artificial neural network and fuzzy logic for gas turbines and signal fault isolation

The target of this paper is the performance-based diagnostics of a gas turbine for the automated early detection of components malfunctions. The paper proposes a new combination of multiple methodologies for the performance-based diagnostics of single and multiple failures on a two-spool engine. The aim of this technique is to combine the strength of each methodology and provide a high success rate for single and multiple failures with the presence of measurement malfunctions. A combination of KF (Kalman Filter), ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and FL (Fuzzy Logic) is used in this research in order to improve the success rate, to increase the flexibility and the number of failures detected and to combine the strength of multiple methods to have a more robust solution. The Kalman filter has in his strength the measurement noise treatment, the artificial neural network the simulation and prediction of reference and deteriorated performance profile and the fuzzy logic the categorization flexibility, which is used to quantify and classify the failures. In the area of GT (Gas Turbine) diagnostics, the multiple failures in combination with measurement issues and the utilization of multiple methods for a 2-spool industrial gas turbine engine has not been investigated extensively.This paper reports the key contribution of each component of the methodology and brief the results in the quantification and classification success rate. The methodology is tested for constant deterioration and increasing noise and for random deterioration. For the random deterioration and nominal noise of 0.4%, in particular, the quantification success rate is above 92.0%, while the classification success rate is above 95.1%. Moreover, the speed of the data processing (1.7 s/sample) proves the suitability of this methodology for online diagnostics.     

液体火箭发动机气动谐振点火技术的研究

基于对液体火箭发动机重复多次可靠起动的要求，气动谐振管的热效应可用来形成高温高能的点火源，对氢氧液体火箭发动机，研制了同轴氢氧谐振点火器，对包括氢氧推进剂的所有非自然液体火箭发动机研究了氦气谐振热表面点火器，研究结果表明这种新型的气动谐振点火技术是结构简单，高可靠性，无毒，无污染的非电钝感点火技术，对于重复多次起动的液体火箭发动机有着诱人的应用前景。     

基于燃气发生器法的小型中涵道比发动机性能计算分析

为了研究小型中涵道比分排涡扇发动机装机性能,建立了基于燃气发生器法的性能计算模型。由CFD数值模拟计算喷管特性,由发动机地面台架试验及针对小型中涵道比的特点发展的修正方法获取内外涵喷管进口总压和总温的修正系数曲线,经高空模拟台试验验证,发动机最大状态下的推力计算误差≤0.5%。再基于飞行试验测试数据,计算得到发动机在装机条件下的空气流量与飞行推力,与发动机设计厂家的模型计算结果相比,发动机各状态下推力最大误差≤1.3%,流量最大误差≤2.5%。结果表明：发展的性能模型修正方法适用于小型中等涵道比涡扇发动机的装机性能确定;同时修正中等涵道比分排发动机的内外涵喷管进口压力可提高模型推力计算精度;同时修正小流量分排发动机内外涵喷管进口温度可提高流量计算精度。     

基于ReliefF-LMBP算法的涡轴发动机气路故障模式识别—两机专刊

针对涡轴发动机气路故障模式识别精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于ReliefF-LMBP故障特征提取的发动机故障模式识别方法。应用ReliefF算法对发动机传感器参数赋予权值,对传感器参数特征权重值进行迭代更新和排序,聚集好的特征样本,离散异类样本。根据筛选出的特征子集,利用LMBP神经网络算法进行发动机故障模式识别。以涡轴发动机为对象进行气路故障诊断验证,结果表明所提方法能提取特征传感器参数并实现有效的故障模式识别。     

气体静压向心轴承静态特性的理论分析

本文根据简化的二维流动模型,提出一种新的计算方法,用以计算小孔节流气体静压向心轴承的承载能力和刚度。该计算方法简单方便,理论计算结果与实验结果很接近,适合于工程上的实际应用。     

火箭弹发射过程冲击流场压力和温度实验测量

考虑燃气流场的冲击效应，根据冲击特点对燃气作用区域的装置结构和强度进行合理的设计，以获得有效的导流和防护效果。实验对火箭发射阶段管后冲击流场在平面斜钢板上的流动参数进行了测量。得到了火箭燃气射流对倾斜钢板热冲击的最大滞止压力和温度，以及冲击流场的压力与温度分布，并确定了管后燃气冲击流场的危险区域。