An introduction of mountain-based GPS radio occultation experiments in China

The mountain-based GPS radio occultation is a novel approach to lower atmospheric profiling. The experiments of the mountain-based GPS radio occultation were conducted on the top of Mt. Yaogu (29.38°N, 113.68°E, ∼1240 m) on December 17, 2003, and on the top of Mt. Jiugong (29.39°N, 114.65°E, ∼1550 m) on July 24, 2004. Based on these observation data, the scientific data processing software has been developed and is used to retrieve successfully the atmospheric refractivity profiles. The validation experiment was performed on the top of Mt. Wuling (40.60°N, 117.48°E, ∼2118 m) during August 1–29, 2005. Collocated automatic weather station and the radiosondes nearby were operated simultaneously for the comparison campaign. Results show that the radio occultation technique obtained about 40 profiles every day with the receiver antenna pointing to the south. Comparisons show that the refractivity measured by occultation agree well with those by the radiosondes, but not well with those by the automatic weather station due to their much different geographic locations of measurements. Results of these experiments suggest that the mountain-based GPS radio occultation is an economic reliable novel technique monitoring temporal and spatial variations of local lower atmospheric environments.     

GPS定位中的误差分析与改正

在GPS测量中存在多种误差。从误差的来源、性质以及对定位误差产生的影响进行了分析,并给出了相关的改正模型。     

Galileo系统与GPS卫星定位系统相位组合观测值的模型研究

在介绍Galileo系统空间信号的基础上,以模糊度保持整数为前提,给出了Galileo系统的4个频率载波与GPS L2载波的组合相位观测值的定义,并对有关误差影响加以分析,最后根据一定的组合标准论述了具有相应特性的组合观测值,并给出一些典型的组合.      

基于OEM板的GPS罗盘设计

GPS罗盘是一种基于载波相位测姿原理的航向测量装置。对低成本GPS测姿定向设备的研制进行了尝试,介绍了一种基于OEM板开发的低成本GPS罗盘的设计和实现。GPS罗盘由2个GPSOEM板得到载波相位观测值,对其进行双差计算后,利用天线交换法消除整周模糊度解算出基线向量的方向,当基线向量沿载体纵轴时即得到载体的航向。通过GPS接收机的静态收星实验以及对设计出的GPS罗盘实验样机进行静态性能测试,试验结果表明该设计方案可行、有效。     

带快速大角度机动附件的卫星在俯仰平面内的运动控制与稳定性研究

研究一类带快速、大角度机动附件的卫星本体的控制与稳定性问题。给出了一类附件作快速、大角度机动时卫星在俯仰平面的动力学方程。采用传统的PD控制,并证明了类闭环系统的一类线性时变系统是指数稳定的,同时证明了在有界激励下,该系统仍能保持稳定。最后仿真验证了分析的正确性。     

圆环面刀具五坐标加工端点误差控制刀位优化

在刀具和被加工曲面误差带上等距曲面的交线与特征线存在两个交点这一事实的基础上,提出了一种固定有效特征线段(特征线上位于公差带内的曲线段)端点误差值的新型刀位优化方法.以刀具有效特征线段上两端点进行定位,通过调整两端点间的距离及刀具绕这两端点连线旋转的角度避免干涉,并实现刀位优化.编制了程序,通过实例验证了新方法在避免干涉获得最大行宽和实现等波高刀轨排列方面的有效性.      

卫星大挠性桁架结构振动抑制试验研究

研究大型挠性空间桁架结构(LFST)的振动抑制问题.基于LFST特性,设计一套空间桁架试验系统.针对LFST具有大挠性、低刚度和低阻尼等特性,设计并研制一种圆柱式剪切型粘弹性阻尼器,给出具有粘弹性阻尼器的桁架阻尼杆的动力学模型.分别利用有限元方法和试验分析方法,对空间桁架的模态频率、模态阻尼比以及瞬态激励响应进行仿真和试验分析.结果表明应用这种阻尼器,桁架结构系统的第一阶模态阻尼比从0.49%增大到13.1%,其他各阶模态阻尼比也都有所增加.     

基于气动力控制的颤振抑制分析研究

气动能量法在颤振主动抑制领域中的应用日趋广泛。在气动能量法的基础上,针对某型飞机,利用已有的控制面设计了颤振抑制的最优控制律,并通过一种新的计算方法寻优得到最优控制律。为验证该控制律的有效性,同时计算了无控和有控两种情况下的颤振临界速度。计算结果表明,该控制律可使某机的颤振临界速度提高10.4%。     

GPS single-frequency orbit determination for low Earth orbiting satellites

The determination of high-precision orbits for Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites (e.g., CHAMP, GRACE, MetOp-A) is based on dual-frequency tracking data from on-board GPS (Global Positioning System) receivers. The two frequencies allow it to eliminate the first order ionosphere effects. Data screening and precise orbit determination (POD) procedures are optimized under the assumption of the availability of two frequencies.     

Variability study of the crest-to-trough TEC ratio of the equatorial ionization anomaly around 120°E longitude

In this paper, latitudinal profiles of the vertical total electron content (TEC) deduced from the dual-frequency GPS measurements obtained at ground stations around 120°E longitude were used to study the variability of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). The present study mainly focuses on the analysis of the crest-to-trough TEC ratio (TEC-CTR) which is an important parameter representing the strength of EIA. Data used for the present study covered the time period from 01 January, 1998 to 31 December, 2004. An empirical orthogonal function analysis method is used to obtain the main features of the TEC-CTR’s diurnal and seasonal variations as well as its solar activity level dependency. Our results showed that: (1) The diurnal variation pattern of the TEC-CTR at 120°E longitude is characterized by two remarkable peaks, one occurring in the post-noon hours around 13–14 LT, and the other occurring in the post-sunset hours around 20–21 LT, and the post-sunset peak has a much higher value than the post-noon one. (2) Both for the north and south crests, the TEC-CTR at 120°E longitude showed a semi-annual variation with maximum peak values occurring in the equinoctial months. (3) TEC-CTR for the north crest has lower values in summer than in winter, whereas TEC-CTR for the south crest does not show this ‘winter anomaly’ effect. In other words, TEC-CTR for both the north and south crests has higher values in the northern hemispheric winter than in the northern hemispheric summer. (4) TEC-CTR in the daytime post-noon hours (12–14 LT) does not vary much with the solar activity, however, TEC-CTR in the post-sunset hours (19–21 LT) shows a clear dependence on the solar activity, its values increasing with solar activity.