基于Lab Windows/CVI的虚拟示波器的设计

基于虚拟仪器平台Lab Windows/CVI开发设计了一种多功能虚拟示波器,同时介绍了该示波器的数据采集系统的设置方法和系统软件的总体设计.实验结果表明,该虚拟示波器实现了传统示波器的基本功能,并具有较强的灵活性.     

基于潜在成分的时变系统损伤的概率神经网络分类

提出了一种新的时变系统健康监控的损伤分类方法。将函数级数时变自回归平滑时序模型应用于时变系统的振动信号,以估计TAR／TMA参数和革新方差。这些参数是时间的函数,将它们在以特定的基函数构成的某种函数子空间上展开得到相应的投影系数组。所估计得到的TAR／TMA参数和革新方差可进一步用来计算潜在成分（LCs）,将LCs用于健康评估比原来的参数更具信息。并将LCs联合并归化为数值得到特征集,输入概率神经网络（PNN）进行损伤分类。为了评价该方法,对一个时变系统进行了仿真,以各种不同的质量和刚度减少来模拟不同的损伤类别。算例表明：该方法能够在时变系统的背景下对损伤进行归类。     

Antenna for precise orbit determination

The ESA SWARM mission will consist of three satellites that will measure the Earth magnetic field. The system calls for metre accuracy knowledge of the measurement locations. To achieve this a GPS receiver is used. At least four GPS signals are tracked to determine the code and carrier ranges, from which the position can be derived. The accuracy improves when using more GPS satellites and by averaging over many measurements. The latter is achieved in ground processing with a model-based orbit prediction, resulting in cm accuracy. The main error contributions in the processing are often measurement errors due to satellite multi-path effects. The multipath effects are characterized by measuring the antenna on a 1.5 m mock-up, representing the 9 m long satellite. In order to verify that the mock-up is representative, extensive electromagnetic simulations were made. The simulations included the antenna and the complete satellite and were then reduced to the antenna and a section of the satellite. The actual design of the antenna was performed with several levels of software. First, a fast bodies-of-revolution simulation found a geometry with the right coverage. Then, a finite element method simulation allowed us to match the antenna at two frequencies simultaneously.     

真航向测量系统初始对准中的UKF应用研究

研究了“真航向测量系统”（简称TNDS True North Determination System) , TNDS组合中等精度的INS和MS860型GPS系统,应用UKF (Unscented Kalman Filter）最优估计滤波算法,实现的高精度快速初始对准。论文重点推导了TNDS初始对准的非线性误差模型,并实现了TNDS中基于该模型的UKF滤波,TNDS系统的UKF组合初始对准算法最后进行系统试验测试。试验数据表明：采用了UKF滤波后,TNDS的航向初始对准中,航向失准角为25. 时,达到同样的对准精度0.1. , INS自对准时间由原来的2879s缩短为179s;纵横摇的失准角对准到同样的精度内,时间相应的减小了一个量级;同时TNDS速度的发散也得到了抑制。
      

INS/SAR组合导航参数传递建模及精度分析

 对合成孔径雷达景象匹配辅助（INS/SAR）组合导航中地面合成孔径雷达(SAR)匹配点位置参数向飞行器主惯导中心的传递过程进行研究。分析了SAR匹配点位置传递过程中所涉及的各环节及其相互关系,以此为基础建立了测量参数传递过程数学模型,提出适合该模型的误差分析与精度估计方法,结合理论和实验结果对各测量参数误差所造成的传递误差进行分析和比较,得出单一测量参数误差影响程度的排序,并在此基础上得出总精度的估计值。参数传递模型及精度实验结果与实际情况相符,可为组合导航中合理的精度分配提供依据。     

基于单天线GPS的伪姿态测量算法研究

介绍了根据单天线GPS速度测量值测定载体伪姿态的基本算法原理,建立了卡尔曼滤波方程,改进了伪航向角的计算和卡尔曼滤波模型,并进行了算法仿真。结果表明,在载体进行中高速飞行时,单天线测姿算法具有较高的精度,基本满足常规姿态测量要求。     

INS辅助GPS接收机及抗干扰能力的分析

针对高动态或低信噪比条件下GPS卫星信号容易失锁的特点,根据GPS接收机码／载波跟踪环特性,研究分析了惯性导航（INS）辅助GPS接收机原理及其抗干扰能力。在复杂电磁环境下,INS辅助GPS接收机（特别是紧耦合GPS/INS组合模式）是组合导航的发展方向。     

Tomographic reconstruction of the ionospheric electron density as a function of space and time

Electron density distribution is the major determining parameter of the ionosphere. Computerized Ionospheric Tomography (CIT) is a method to reconstruct ionospheric electron density image by computing Total Electron Content (TEC) values from the recorded Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS) signals. Due to the multi-scale variability of the ionosphere and inherent biases and errors in the computation of TEC, CIT constitutes an underdetermined ill-posed inverse problem. In this study, a novel Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) based CIT reconstruction technique is proposed for the imaging of electron density in both space (latitude, longitude, altitude) and time. The underlying model is obtained from International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and the necessary measurements are obtained from earth based and satellite based GPS recordings. Based on the IRI-2007 model, a basis is formed by SVD for the required location and the time of interest. Selecting the first few basis vectors corresponding to the most significant singular values, the 3-D CIT is formulated as a weighted least squares estimation problem of the basis coefficients. By providing significant regularization to the tomographic inversion problem with limited projections, the proposed technique provides robust and reliable 3-D reconstructions of ionospheric electron density.     

GPS基带信号源的数字模拟实现

首先对GPS信号产生原理进行了分析,然后给出了一种基带数字信号源的产生方法,即用码发生器产生伪随机码,先和导航数据进行调制,再调制上用DDS产生的载波信号,最终形成一颗或多颗GPS卫星信号.该方法用FPGA实现,不仅可以模拟GPS卫星信号的特性,而且考虑到调试接收机的动态捕获性能,信号源中还模拟了信号在运动状态下的情况.该方法为接收机基带信号处理部分的调试节省了大量的时间,针对基带部分提供信号源,减少了调试中其他因素(例如射频部分)的错误而带来的干扰.     

32颗GPS卫星星座空间覆盖特性建模与仿真

GPS卫星要准确完成定位功能可见卫星数应不少于4颗.通过建立针对低轨、中高轨和大椭圆轨道目标卫星的GPS信号空间几何覆盖模型,利用Matlab计算针对低轨、中高轨和大椭圆轨道的可见卫星数,对目前美国32颗GPS卫星星座的空间覆盖特性进行仿真.仿真结果显示,32颗GPS卫星星座不仅可以对低轨目标实现全轨道覆盖,而且对中高轨和大椭圆轨道也有所覆盖,大大扩展了24颗GPS卫星星座的空间应用.