喷丸强化对AISI420不锈钢固体粒子冲蚀行为的影响

研究了喷丸强化(SP)对AISI 420马氏体不锈钢抗同体粒子冲蚀(SPE)行为的影响.探讨了喷丸引起的表面残余压应力,表面粗糙度增大和表面加工硬化等三因素对SPE抗力的作用机制.结果表明:SP处理对AISI 420不锈钢在30°攻角下的SPE抗力无明显影响,但却降低了该钢在90°攻角下的SPE抗力.SP处理后进行表面抛光,则使该钢在两种攻角下的SPE抗力均得以提高.SP三因素对SPE抗力的作用机制主要有:表面粗糙化增大了试样表面对冲蚀粒子的有效暴露面积,因而降低了不锈钢在两种攻角下的SPE抗力;表面残余压应力能够有效抑制疲劳裂纹萌生和早期扩展,因而能有效提高AISI 420不锈钢的SPE抗力,特别是对90°垂直冲击条件下SPE抗力的提高作用更为明显;表面加工硬化提高了材料表面的微犁削抗力,因而对提高AISI 420钢在30°攻角下的SPE抗力有贡献,但是表面加工硬化层的抗多冲疲劳性能差,却不利于AISI 420钢在90°攻角下抗SPE性能的改善.     

浮力磨粒球性能对工件抛光影响的实验研究

从制作浮力磨粒球材料的性能参数和加工参数入手,综合考虑影响抛光加工的多种因素,应用实验分析方法,研究了磨粒球的直径、磨粒球的层厚和浮力磨粒球抛光工件时的去除量、加工件表面品质的关系.并对抛光工件时浮力磨球的浮力对工件抛光的影响作了分析.     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

滤波减速器有限长轮齿接触表面混合润滑分析

综合考虑了轮齿接触几何、啮合点法向载荷、齿向参数、真实表面粗糙度、润滑剂流变特性等因素,建立了滤波减速器轮齿混合润滑数值分析模型,采用复合迭代法和快速傅里叶变换(FFT)方法分别求解Reynolds方程和弹性变形方程,获得了轮齿接触表面混合润滑分析完全数值解,得到了滤波减速器在啮入点、节点和啮出点的压力与平均油膜厚度,以及转速对轮齿接触表面平均油膜厚度和接触比的影响.结果表明:在啮入点、啮出点及节点处,沿齿宽方向的压力分布不相等,两侧压力较大,而在啮入点处的两侧压力突变相对较小,且平均油膜厚度最大;对于粗糙轮齿接触表面,随着滤波减速器转速逐渐降低,啮入点、节点及啮出点的平均油膜厚度随之减小,接触比增加,润滑效果变差,并且在同一工况下粗糙轮齿接触表面的啮合点平均油膜厚度小于光滑轮齿表面的平均油膜厚度.      

Design and experimental study of a micro-groove grinding wheel with spray cooling effect

The effectiveness of grinding fluid supply has a crucial impact on grinding quality and efficiency in high speed grinding. In order to improve the cooling and lubrication, through in-depth research of self-inhaling internal cooling method and intermittent grinding mechanism, a new spray cooling method used in high speed grinding is proposed. By referring to the structure of bowl- shaped dispersion disk, the grinding wheel matrix with atomization ability is designed; through studying heat transfer of droplet collision and the influence of micro-groove on the boiling heat transfer, grinding segment with micro-groove is designed to enhance the heat flux of coolant and achieve maximum heat transfer between droplets and grinding contact zone. High-speed grinding experiments on GH4169 with the developed grinding wheel are carried out. The results show that with the micro-groove grinding wheel just 5.4% of pump outlet flow rate and 0.5% of spindle energy is needed to reduce the grinding temperature to 200℃, which means the developed grinding wheel makes cooling high efficient and low energy consuming.     

基于碟形砂轮磨齿的面齿轮包络残差研究

介绍了采用碟形砂轮磨削面齿轮的原理及过程,研究了齿廓包络和齿宽包络两种包络方式产生包络残差的机理.分别建立了两种加工方式下包络残差的计算模型和方法,并研究了所产生包络残差的特点.通过数值算例分析了包络过程中刀具周向进给角度、齿宽方向进给量以及碟形砂轮外径对齿面包络残差的影响规律.计算结果表明:齿宽包络比齿廓包络具有更高的效率.进行了以齿廓包络方式的面齿轮磨齿加工实验,当刀具周向进给角度分别取为2°,1°,0.5°及0.2°时,齿面表面粗糙度逐渐明显提高,齿面磨削加工印痕的数目和方向与包络仿真计算结果一致.初步证明根据包络残差计算结果选取合适的进给量参数,可以保证面齿轮磨齿加工的表面粗糙度水平并能提高加工效率.      

高超声速飞行器跨流域气动力／热预测技术研究

分析了跨流域流动特点、工程背景需求、国内外研究现状,针对高超声速飞行器跨流域气动力／热预测存在的主要问题,从粘性干扰参数与克努森数搭接的跨流域模拟准则、微量天平结构优化及测力技术、红外大面积中低量值热流测量技术、流场显示与测量技术和 N-S／DSMC 自适应紧耦合数值模拟方法等方面,总结了近年来取得的研究进展,并讨论了下一步研究方向。     

基于响应面近似技术的平流层飞艇协同设计优化

针对平流层飞艇多学科设计优化问题,引入协同优化算法,分析基于响应面近似模型的协同优化方法CO/RSA的执行步骤和特点,并介绍响应面近似模型的构建方法;建立平流层飞艇各学科模型,并对学科间耦合关系进行分析;运用建立的气动/推进、结构、能源三个耦合子系统的学科分析模型和系统优化模型,以平流层飞艇总质量最小为优化目标,综合考虑浮重、推阻和能源平衡,采用CO/RSA方法对平流层飞艇进行设计优化.结果表明:所建立的平流层飞艇的MDO模型是合理的,CO/RSA算法应用于飞艇总体设计优化是有效的,研究结果可为平流层飞艇方案论证和方案设计提供参考.     

大长径比圆截面隔离段流场的数值研究

对2 Ma均匀来流条件下大长径比L/D=17.5的等直圆截面隔离段内流场进行了数值模拟.研究了在不同背压和不同壁面粗糙度的条件下,隔离段内激波串形态、静压分布、总压恢复.结果表明:激波串位置与背压呈非线性关系,激波串中形成数道“X”形的激波,总压恢复系数随背压增加先减小后增大;壁面粗糙度增加会使激波串前的壁面压力有所增加,使激波串向上游移动,激波串的第一道激波强度增大,之后的激波强度迅速衰减.     

GH141合金工艺特性研究

研究了GH141变形高温合金的冷加工硬化特性、静态再结晶及热处理对合金硬度、组织的影响.结果表明,GH141合金固溶温度须在1060℃温度以上,在1060℃保温4min硬度才出现较显著下降;冷却速度对硬度影响显著,水冷软化效果明显好于空冷;1000℃以上退火,冷却速度的影响超过了热处理温度的影响,说明冷却过程中析出硬化...