C/SiC复合材料铣削表面完整性研究

采用PCD刀具进行了C/SiC复合材料的铣削加工实验,通过观察加工表面/亚表面损伤,分析了C/SiC复合材料铣削加工表面形成机制,并结合切削力讨论了铣削参数对加工表面形貌和粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明,C/SiC材料以脆性断裂方式实现去除;加工表面存在纤维的层状脆断、拔出和纤维束断裂等现象;碳纤维区域粗糙度随铣削参数的变化规律与表面微观形貌基本一致;提高切削速度能改善表面质量,增大切深会使表面质量严重恶化,每齿进给量对表面质量影响较小。     

基于人工神经网络的反射器型面精度预测

基于人工神经网络的预测方法,利用数量适当的有限元计算结果,建立人工神经网络模型,对反射器型面进行精度预测分析,得到在最小型面精度结果下的结构设计参数。计算结果显示训练好的神经网络模型能够较精确地预测格栅反射器的型面精度,节省计算时间,并且以型面精度最小为准则进行参数分析,能够指导反射器的结构设计。     

Real-time evaluation method of flight mission load based on sensitivity analysis of physiological factors

As the complexity of flight missions continues to increase, sending a timely warning or providing assistance to pilots helps to reduce the probability of operational errors and flight accidents. Monitoring pilots’ physiological data, real-time evaluation of mission load is a feasible technical way to achieve this. In this paper, a set of flight tasks including aircraft control, humancomputer interaction and mental arithmetic tests are designed to simulate five mission loads at different flight d...     

δ0.05mm薄钢带力学性能测试方法研究

研究了拉伸速率、试样类型、试样表面状态对δ0.05mm薄钢带力学性能测试的影响,通过数据对比,结果表明：拉伸速率对薄钢带的力学性能测试结果影响并不大,而试样的类型和试样的表面状态对力学性能测试结果有很大的影响;表面无缺陷的哑铃型试样可以满足检测要求,提高钢带检验一次合格率。     

基于结构张量特征的机体损伤区域动态划分

为提升飞机结构损伤维修分析的智能化水平,实现飞机结构损伤模型的高效重构,提出了基于结构张量特征的动态阈值损伤区域划分方法。首先,引入结构张量理论,特征表示图像局部颜色结构纹理,完备损伤图像特征表示;其次,通过构建共性分布的结构张量特征空间,从而使不同损伤图像具有一致性损伤区域划分流程;在此基础上,定义了动态阈值划分算子,并通过对动态阈值划分算子参数的计算,实现结构张量特征空间中的动态阈值划分;最后,选用不同飞机结构损伤实例图像对方法进行了对比验证。验证结果表明,相比于传统灰度方法、固定阈值划分和其他动态阈值划分算子,椭圆算子划分得到的损伤边界连贯完整,能够有效分割微小裂纹,噪点较少,质量较优。该方法运算高效、流程统一、特征表示完备,对不同类型结构损伤的适用性好。     

壁面粗糙度湍流扩展模型及流动数值模拟

采用有限体积法数值求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes流动控制方程,数值模拟表面粗糙度对气动特性和热力学特性的影响。通过修正Knopp的基于切应力输运k-ω湍流模型的粗糙度湍流扩展模型中边界条件ω的值,提高了壁面附近的涡黏度,增加了总壁面切应力,从而引入壁面粗糙度的影响。通过对不同粗糙度的平板流动和NACA 65_2215翼型绕流进行数值模拟,分析粗糙度对表面摩阻系数、斯坦顿数和升力系数的影响。计算结果表明:粗糙度使得平板表面摩阻系数和斯坦顿数增大,翼型流动分离提前,升力系数减小。流经粗糙壁面的流动处于过渡状态时,改进的粗糙度湍流扩展模型改善了原模型速度偏移量与经验公式相比偏小的缺点,同时,表面摩阻系数、斯坦顿数和升力系数与实验结果吻合得更好。该改进模型不需要对壁面附近网格进行加密,能够快速、准确地模拟流经粗糙壁面的流动。     

ELID成形磨削实验研究与表面粗糙度预测

为了探究ELID成型磨削中磨削参数和电解参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,基于未变形切屑厚度模型,考虑砂轮上磨粒出刃高度的随机性以及ELID磨削中氧化膜的影响,建立了针对ELID磨削的表面粗糙度预测模型。单因素实验研究了ELID成形磨削电源参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并探讨了电解电流与氧化膜厚度之间的关系。全因子实验以工件转速、砂轮转速和进给切深为影响因素,研究了磨削参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并对预测模型进行了验证。结果表明:磨削参数中,其他条件一定时,表面粗糙度随砂轮转速的增大而减小,随工件转速和切深的增大而增大;同时对于粗糙度的预测误差达到了8.75%,预测模型有效可靠。     

喷丸强化Ti6Al4V钛合金的数值模拟

为了更加真实地模拟Ti6Al4V钛合金的喷丸强化过程,建立了一个基于概率控制多弹丸冲击靶面位置的三维喷丸有限元模型,以考虑喷丸强化过程中弹丸之间的相互作用。模拟了喷丸角度为60°和90°的两种工况,结果表明:对于相同的弹丸尺寸和初始速度,达到完全喷丸覆盖率和饱和喷丸强度,60°喷丸角度工况在单位受喷面积上需要的弹丸个数为15/D2(D是弹丸直径),90°喷丸角度工况需要的弹丸个数为35/D2;在达到完全喷丸覆盖率的过程中,随着弹丸个数的增加,喷丸强化的残余压应力逐渐增大并趋于稳定,而受喷表面粗糙度基本呈线性增大;在完全喷丸覆盖率下,相对于60°喷丸角度工况,90°喷丸角度工况的表面残余压应力较小,但最大残余压应力较大,表面粗糙度也较大。      

Performance evaluation of creep feed grinding of γ-TiAl intermetallics with electroplated diamond wheels

This paper evaluates the performance of creep feed grinding γ-TiAl intermetallic (Ti-45Al-2Mn-2Nb) using electroplated diamond wheels. Firstly, a comparative analysis with the grinding results by using electroplated CBN wheels was conducted, mainly involving abrasive wheel wear behavior and maximum material removal rate below surface burn limit. It was found that the diamond wheel would produce much better grinding results including lower wheel wear rate and higher maximum material removal rate. Then the surface integrity obtained at different level of material removal rate was characterized with the utilization of the diamond wheel. The poor ductility of this γ-TiAl intermetallic material was found to have a marginal effect on the surface integrity, as no severe surface defects such as material pullout were generated during the stable wheel wear stage. For the involved operating parameters, a deformation layer was produced with ∼10 μm or more in thickness depending on the material removal rate used. Meanwhile, a work-hardened layer extending to more than 100 μm was produced with a maximum microhardness of above 520 HV_0.05 (bulk value 360 HV_0.05). The residual stress remained compressive, with a value of above −100 MPa and even up to −500 MPa for an elevated material removal rate. Shearing chip was the main chip type, indicating good wheel sharpness in the grinding process.     

Anhydrous based shear-thickening polishing of KDP crystal

Based on the special physical–chemical characteristics of optical crystal in the field of aeronautics, a new anhydrous based shear-thickening polishing (ASTP) method has been proposed to restrain deliquescence and to improve physical properties for KDP machining. The ultra-precision polishing of KDP crystal is completed by ASTP. A kind of anhydrous based thickening polishing slurry (ATPS) was proposed in our work, and high-performance rheological properties were determined to achieve the ASTP of KDP crystal. A material removal model of ASTP in KDP machining is established, followed by the verification experiment of the prediction model. The maximum error of the predictive model is only 9.8%, which proves the validity of the material removal model for KDP polishing. The polishing experiments were carried out on the polishing platform developed by ourselves. The results show that the new polishing method can polish 20 mm × 20 mm × 5 mm KDP crystal and obtain a super-smooth surface with a surface roughness of 1.37 nm and high shape accuracy. The surface accuracy of polished KDP crystal reaches up to 0.68λ (RMS). The experimental results show that the ASTP is a potential ultra-precision machining method for KDP crystal.