含腐蚀预损伤铝合金2024-T62的疲劳断裂行为及基于断裂力学的寿命预测

针对2024-T62铝合金薄板系统地开展了腐蚀预损伤对材料疲劳S-N曲线、小裂纹萌生行为、长短疲劳裂纹扩展及物理小裂纹门槛值扩展行为的影响等试验研究.结果表明:腐蚀预损伤对材料疲劳S-N曲线及材料疲劳小裂纹萌生行为有明显的影响,但时材料长短裂纹扩展及物理小裂纹门槛值扩展行为没有明显的影响.通过假定腐蚀预损伤为初始小裂纹...     

TC11焊接接头高周疲劳分形损伤模型

根据金属疲劳断口具有几何分形特征,将Chaboche高周疲劳损伤模型推广到分数维空间,建立了综合考虑断口细观特征的高周疲劳分形损伤演化模型.针对TC11钛合金电子束焊接接头,以载荷控制的疲劳试验为基础研究其高周疲劳性能;采用扫描电镜法(SEM)对断口微观特征进行定量分析,计算得到了各级载荷下疲劳断口的分形维数;通过对试...     

复合固体推进剂细观损伤扫描电镜实验及数值模拟

对复合固体推进剂进行单向拉伸载荷条件下的原位扫描电镜观察实验,分析其受载条件下的细观损伤发生及扩展特性。基于原位电镜图片,运用数字图像处理技术提取推进剂细观形貌,建立了推进剂椭圆形颗粒填充模型,对受载条件下颗粒与基体之间的脱粘行为进行数值模拟。研究表明,数值分析结果能反映推进剂受载条件下的细观损伤发生及扩展特性。     

A model of the effects of heavy ion radiation on human tissue

In heavy ion radiotherapy and space travel humans are exposed to energetic heavy ions (C, Si, Fe and others). This type of irradiation often produces more severe biological effects per unit dose than more common X-rays. A new Monte Carlo model generates a physical space with the complex geometry of human tissue or a cell culture based model of tissue, which is affected by the passage of ionizing radiation. For irradiation, the model relies on a physical code for the ion track structure; for tissues, cellular maps are derived from two- or three-dimensional confocal microscopy images using image segmentation algorithm, which defines cells as pixilated volumes. The model is used to study tissue-specific statistics of direct ion hits and the remote ion action on cells. As an application of the technique, we considered the spatial pattern of apoptotic cells after heavy ion irradiation. The pattern of apoptosis is modeled as a stochastic process, which is defined by the action cross section taken from available experimental data. To characterize the degree of apoptosis, an autocorrelation function that describes the spatial correlation of apoptotic cells is introduced. The values of the autocorrelation function demonstrate the effect of the directionality of the radiation track on the spatial arrangements of inactivated cells in tissue. This effect is intrinsic only to high linear-energy-transfer radiation.     

Recent Developments on Damage and Fracture of Thin-Walled Complex Components Produced by Spinning

The spinning technique has been widely used in the manufacture of aerospace thin-walled axisymmetric components because of its excellent formability. Damage and fracture, as the important defects that often occur and must be avoided in the forming and service stages of components, have attracted much attention of researchers. In this paper, the fracture behavior and laws of spinning components such as conical parts, tubular parts, and components with inner ribs are summarized, the typical coupled and uncoupled ductile fracture models are introduced, and their applications in spinning are analyzed. Meanwhile, the recent developments on the modified ductile fracture model in analyzing damage and fracture mechanisms of spinning are emphatically introduced. The results could provide guidance for the selection and establishment of appropriate ductile fracture models in the finite element simulation for the accurate prediction and analysis of fracture moment, location, form, damage mechanism, and evolution law, and help the development of precision spinning techniques for high-performance thin-walled complex components.     

飞机雷电防护设计与鉴定试验

飞机遭受雷击后产生强大的雷电流,它严重的威胁飞行的安全.本文分析了雷电造成的危害,并论述了飞机结构设计应为雷电流提供低阻抗的通路.对雷击放电敏感的部位和部件,必须根据自身的重要性采取适当的雷电防护措施,以尽可能减少雷电对飞机的损害.最后介绍了为确保雷电防护措施的可靠性而进行的验证试验方法.     

无扩口管路连接件疲劳寿命预估的损伤力学-有限元法

 以损伤热力学为基础,构建分式形式的损伤演化方程。针对管路连接件等轴对称形式的构件,引入等效应力和等效应变。根据损伤力学守恒积分原理,得到恒幅重复载荷下应力与寿命关系的级数表达式,根据标准件疲劳试验结果拟合得到损伤演化方程中的材质参数。利用APDL语言编程对ANSYS软件进行了开发,使得借助ANSYS软件的损伤力学-有限元数值解法成为可能。利用该方法预估了TC6钛合金标准件疲劳裂纹萌生寿命,其结果与试验数据吻合。进一步,预估了管路连接件裂纹萌生寿命,预测了裂纹扩展路径并预估了疲劳裂纹扩展寿命。本文为采用损伤力学方法来预估构件的疲劳寿命提供了一种可行的方法。     

基于潜在成分的时变系统损伤的概率神经网络分类

提出了一种新的时变系统健康监控的损伤分类方法。将函数级数时变自回归平滑时序模型应用于时变系统的振动信号,以估计TAR／TMA参数和革新方差。这些参数是时间的函数,将它们在以特定的基函数构成的某种函数子空间上展开得到相应的投影系数组。所估计得到的TAR／TMA参数和革新方差可进一步用来计算潜在成分（LCs）,将LCs用于健康评估比原来的参数更具信息。并将LCs联合并归化为数值得到特征集,输入概率神经网络（PNN）进行损伤分类。为了评价该方法,对一个时变系统进行了仿真,以各种不同的质量和刚度减少来模拟不同的损伤类别。算例表明：该方法能够在时变系统的背景下对损伤进行归类。     

基于支持向量机的航空发动机PID解耦控制

针对航空发动机多变量控制系统中各回路之间存在的耦合现象,提出了一种基于支持向量机(support vector machines,SVM)的航空发动机PID(proportion integration differentiation)解耦控制方法.利用SVM辨识发动机非线性模型,并获得SVM瞬时线性化模型,在线性化模型的基础上完成了PID参数的在线自整定.利用Lyapunov稳定性定理对控制器的收敛性进行了分析.通过对某型航空发动机的仿真,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.      

复合材料冲击试验机的研制及相关试验

简要概括了复合材料冲击试验的研究现状,详细介绍了某落锤式冲击试验机的研制及工作原理;以某层压板为例验证了该试验机性能,并对比分析了冲击前后层压板强度的变化.结果表明:该试验机数据收集满足试验要求;层压板受到低能冲击后内部出现大量分层损伤,其强度值降低最大达35%.