航天器壳体压力自动加载系统的研究

航天器壳体的压力加载实验对于航天器的安全飞行具有十分重要的意义。研究并建立了航天器壳体水压自动加载系统的数学模型,针对该系统的高度非线性以及高低压特性显著不同的特点,利用误差及误差导数构造了一种变比例因子的模糊PD控制器。采用一种新型的遗传算法对控制器系统参数进行寻优。针对模糊控制器控制规则表与量化比例因子的不同特点,分别采用两种不同的编码方法,进而采用两种不同的遗传操作算子与遗传操作概率。通过MATLAB与C 语言接口编程实现对系统的仿真设计。实验表明该方法取得了良好的压力加载效果。     

质量矩拦截弹的模糊滑模姿态控制系统设计

质量矩控制是一种全新的飞行控制方法，与广泛应用的空气动力控制相比，可以避免飞行器在超高马赫数飞行时舵面的气动加热问题，而且可以提高飞行器的机动性和敏捷性。以所建立的质量矩拦截弹数学模型为基础，通过对模型合理的简化，得到一个耦合的非线性动力学系统，考虑到系统的鲁棒性要求和三个滑块的协调控制问题，利用滑模控制设计了拦截弹大机动飞行时的姿态控制系统，同时采用模糊逻辑算法抑制系统的抖振现象。仿真结果表明系统性能指标满足设计要求，只需微调滑块位置，即可以实现拦截弹的姿态控制。     

基于模糊逻辑的GPS/DR组合导航系统地图匹配算法

利用地图匹配技术能够使用高精度的电子地图位置信息改善 GPS/ DR组合导航系统的定位精度。提出一种基于模糊数学方法和统计概率准则的地图匹配算法 ,在融合定位传感器数据和路段位置信息的基础上 ,通过模糊逻辑评判完成最佳匹配路段的挑选 ,并对匹配修正结果的可信度作出评价。仿真试验的结果证明该算法的有效性。     

固液捆绑运载火箭主捆绑机构设计

结合新一代固液捆绑运载火箭的特点和需求,提出了一种新型固体助推器主传力点捆绑机构的轻量化设计方案。方案采用了静力学分析软件对该主捆绑机构开展结构布局优化、拓扑结构优化以及自适应对接设计及分析,实现300 mm径向空间下1 800 kN偏置集中力承载、均匀扩散功能和在70 t重载下轻便自适应对接等功能。通过仿真分析和试验验证,证明了该主捆绑机构满足承载扩散和对接要求。     

飞机失速自动改出装置的设计

采用机械操纵系统的飞机相对电传控制飞机不具备飞行包线保护功能,驾驶员可能在误操作情况下使飞机进入失速状态,特别是新机研制试飞和失速飞行试验。失速自动改出装置通过控制反驱作动器带动操纵系统,抑制驾驶员将飞机操作进入失速,并在飞机进入失速后帮助驾驶员改出失速。模糊控制理论具备常规控制理论所不具备的很多优势,可以使控制律更简单、直观和有效,用于失速改出控制将使系统更加简单易行。     

高超声速飞行器强鲁棒自适应控制器设计新方法

针对高超声速飞行器飞行过程系统参数大范围剧烈变化以及存在严重不确定性的特点,同时考虑外界环境干扰复杂,内部干扰严重的特殊问题,提出了一种新型强鲁棒自适应控制器构型。该新型强鲁棒自适应控制器将控制器分为标称控制器和补偿控制器。标称控制器可采用成熟的控制理论来设计,主要考虑闭环系统的性能;采用合适的手段估计系统参数大范围剧烈变化、系统的不确定性以及内、外部干扰等“系统扰动”作为补偿控制器的输入,通过设计强鲁棒补偿控制器对“系统扰动”进行补偿,使整个闭环控制系统对“系统扰动”具有强鲁棒性。将新型强鲁棒自适应控制器应用于高超声速飞行器的姿态控制系统的设计,大大提高了高超声速飞行器控制系统对内、外部干扰的抑制和对系统参数大范围剧烈变化以及严重不确定性的适应能力,可满足高超声速飞行器飞行控制的需求。     

Two-stage open-loop velocity compensating method applied to multi-mass elastic transmission system

In this paper, a novel vibration-suppression open-loop control method for multi-mass system is proposed, which uses two-stage velocity compensating algorithm and fuzzy I ＋ P control- ler. This compensating method is based on model-based control theory in order to provide a damp- ing effect on the system mechanical part. The mathematical model of multi-mass system is built and reduced to estimate the velocities of masses. The velocity difference between adjacent masses is cal- culated dynamically. A 3-mass system is regarded as the composition of two 2-mass systems in order to realize the two-stage compensating algorithm. Instead of using a typical PI controller in the velocity compensating loop, a fuzzy I ＋ P controller is designed and its input variables are decided according to their impact on the system, which is different from the conventional fuzzy PID controller designing rules. Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed veloc- ity compensating method is effective in suppressing vibration on a 3-mass system and it has a better performance when the designed fuzzy I ＋ P controller is utilized in the control system.     

A fuzzy PID-controlled SMA actuator for a two-DOF joint

Shape memory alloy(SMA) actuator is a potential advanced component for servosystems of aerospace vehicles and aircraft. This paper presents a joint with two degrees of freedom(DOF) and a mobility range close to ±60 when driven by SMA triple wires. The fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative(PID)-controlled actuator drive was designed using antagonistic SMA triple wires, and the resistance feedback signal made a closed loop. Experiments showed that, with the driving responding frequency increasing, the overstress became harder to be avoided at the position under the maximum friction force. Furthermore, the hysteresis gap between the heating and cooling paths of the strain-to-resistance curve expanded under this condition. A fuzzy logic control was considered as a solution, and the curves of the wires were then modeled by fitting polynomials so that the measured resistance was used directly to determine the control signal. Accurate control was demonstrated through the step response, and the experimental results showed that under the fuzzy PID-control program, the mean absolute error(MAE) of the rotation angle was about 3.147. In addition, the investigation of the external interference to the system proved the controllable maximum output.     

Autonomous attitude coordinated control for spacecraft formation with input constraint,model uncertainties,and external disturbances

To synchronize the attitude of a spacecraft formation flying system, three novel autonomous control schemes are proposed to deal with the issue in this paper. The first one is an ideal autonomous attitude coordinated controller, which is applied to address the case with certain models and no disturbance. The second one is a robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which aims to tackle the case with external disturbances and model uncertainties. The last one is a filtered robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which is used to overcome the case with input con- straint, model uncertainties, and external disturbances. The above three controllers do not need any external tracking signal and only require angular velocity and relative orientation between a spacecraft and its neighbors. Besides, the relative information is represented in the body frame of each spacecraft. The controllers are proved to be able to result in asymptotical stability almost everywhere. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed three approaches are effective for attitude coordination in a spacecraft formation flying system.     

基于改进遗传算法的燃气轮机自适应建模

综合运用了一种改进的遗传算法和自适应建模技术对燃气轮机的精确特性进行寻优获取.引入自适应机制优化交叉和变异算子,同时引入模拟退火算法,使改进遗传算法能很快接近最优解,并能跳出局部最优的陷阱,在保证解的质量的同时提高了收敛的速度.针对以往自适应模型中未考虑测量参数间的线性相关性和不同的传感器测量精度对目标函数的影响等问题,采用加权方法建立了较为完备的燃气轮机自适应数学模型,应用改进遗传算法获取燃气轮机部件的精确特性,实例计算结果表明:模拟退化改进遗传算法进行的自适应建模效果更好.