Operating characteristics of a high radius pre-swirl cooling system

An experimental investigation into pre-swirl effectiveness and receiver hole discharge coefficient characteristics for a high radius injection pre-swirl cooling systems was carried out on a physically representative experimental rig with a 450 mm diameter rotor.The receiver holes and pre-swirl nozzle were located at a radius of 181 mm and 180 mm respectively.The experimental work was mainly conducted at 5 000～12 000 r/min,4 bar absolute pressure and 1.132 kg/s air supply.The maximum air supply temperature was 190 ℃.Pressure and temperature distributions in the pre-swirl system were examined with an emphasis on the velocity effectiveness of the pre-swirl system as a whole and on the discharge coefficients of the rotating 'receiver holes' in the rotor.The results showed that the velocity effectiveness increased with increasing swirl ratio resulting in reduced blade cooling flow temperature.Different seal flow configurations caused very different effectiveness at different speeds,but outflow through the inner and outer seals always gave the highest effectiveness compared other configurations.Increasing the seal flow rate reduced the effectiveness.For the coefficient of discharge,except for the low speed range,it increased with increase in swirl ratio for most speeds.      

基于网格变形技术的涡轮叶片变形传递

为实现学科耦合,需要在涡轮叶片多学科设计优化的气动模型和结构模型之间传递温度、气压和变形等载荷.研究结构变形向气动网格传递的实现方法.参数空间插值方法解决耦合面网格不一致时的变形插值问题;网格变形技术用来调整气动网格内部节点的位置,保证变形传递后的网格质量.某涡轮叶片变形传递实例的表明:该方法能够用于多学科设计优化问题中的变形传递.      

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

高效空间应用燃料电池热能利用技术研究

首先介绍了空间应用燃料电池高效散热及温控技术。高精度控温主要是利用被动散热技术,将产生的热量快速传导至外部冷却介质,从而保证产热面的温度均匀性,实现电池稳定工作。通过嵌入式被动散热和双端散热的冷却方式,实现电堆内部最大温差小于5℃,换热系数达1000W/(m·K)。     

伺服动力电源技术发展概述

近年来,机电伺服系统在航空、航天领域得到了广泛应用,逐渐形成了新的推力矢量控制和舵面控制实现方式,并推动了伺服动力电源的多样性发展。研究了国外运载火箭、导弹及飞机伺服动力电源技术的发展现状,梳理了各类场景中伺服动力电源的应用特点及未来需求,对比了常见的热电池、锌银电池、锂离子电池及涡轮发电等各类伺服动力电源的技术特点,并提出了高电压、高比功率、高比容量（新型电池,涡轮发电）、一体化/智能化/高可靠等伺服动力电源技术的未来发展方向。     

外端壁收缩与单向倾斜组合涡轮导叶的三维气动力研究

低展弦比涡轮导叶的外端壁收缩与单向正倾斜组合设计是既可减小两端二次流损失又可以满足冲击冷却叶片叶身需平直要求的技术措施。本文简要阐述了组合设计可减小二次流损失的力学机制、流场特征及三维流场设计分析的评价准则。通过三维流场计算 ,详细分析了诸如单向倾斜角度、子午面外端壁轮廓收缩起点、内外曲率半径等主要特征参数对流场品质的影响。给出了组合设计的方法与步骤及评价流场的定性准则。该组合设计方法对低展弦比高温涡轮导向叶片的成功设计具有指导意义。     

超跨音对转涡轮试验台

超跨音对转涡轮试验台由进气涡壳、轴流式试验段 ( 2个转子 )、排气涡壳、2个减速箱、2个电涡流测功器、燃烧加热器、滑油系统等组成。它可以允许轴流式涡轮高低压转子对转或同向旋转 ,对有或无导叶涡轮进行气动方面的研究工作。采用不接触测量 ,如 PIV激光测速等可视化测量手段 ,便于对级间流场的分析研究。     

梯度热障涂层的设计

 采用电子束物理气相沉积方法 (EB PVD)制备了梯度热障涂层,其结构设计为NiCoCrAlY粘结层 /Al₂O₃ YSZ过渡层 /YSZ陶瓷层。YSZ陶瓷层的结构为柱状晶结构,Al₂O₃ YSZ梯度过渡层为梯度微孔结构。采用有限元方法对梯度热障涂层进行热应力分析,优化了Al₂O₃ YSZ梯度过渡层的组成。计算结果表明,梯度涂层的内应力显著降低,而且界面及其附近应力和应变变化较平缓。过渡层厚度的增加有利于降低涂层内应力和缓和涂层界面处的应力集中。     

某型发动机对畸变进气响应的流动耦合分析

建立了畸变进气下某型双轴发动机高压压气机，扩压器间流动耦合模型，完善了畸变进气对发动机稳定性影响模拟方法。数值模拟结果表明，考虑耦合影响给出的高压压气机出口静压畸变与其总压畸变不仅相位相反，而且随进口总压畸变强度变化而变化。据此所给出的高、低压压气机畸变响应和发动机推力响应特性也与进气道，发动机相容性理论相符合。