基于可靠性优化计算的直喷式燃调风门止动修复方案设计

采用一种新型的基于可靠性优化技术的计算和选择过盈配合的新方法,把常规设计与可靠性设计结合起来,利用优化设计的方法,对直喷式燃调风门止动过盈修复的可靠性设计进行了分析,推导出了计算公式,并验证了其正确性。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

A novel low pressure-difference fluctuation electro-hydraulic large flowrate control valve for fuel flowrate control of aeroengine afterburner system

To address the control accuracy of large fuel flowrate during pressure fluctuation, a novel electro-hydraulic fuel metering unit(FMU) is constructed for afterburner fuel system of military aeroengine. Different from the previous FMU, the proposed FMU can achieve the higher precision opening control by a new metering valve with double control chambers(MVDCC), and realize the lower pressure difference fluctuation regulating by a novel two-stage constant pressure difference compensated valve(CPDCV)...     

横流中空心锥形喷雾的扩散特性与影响因素

为了更好地理解和认识空心锥形喷雾射流与横向气流的掺混过程,基于可视化实验测量,针对空心锥形喷雾的初始雾化状态、喷射角度和雾化锥角以及横流速度等因素对空心锥形喷雾射流在横流中的扩散特性进行了系统分析。研究结果表明,随着横流速度的提高,流场中对称反旋涡对（CVP）结构变小,但其稳定性及产生的卷吸气流则是先增强而后减小;提高喷雾初始液滴的动量和数流率,均可以增大射流剪切层的贯穿深度和射流尾迹的伸展高度,同时使流场中CVP的涡量强度增大。基于实验测量结果,建立了空心锥形喷雾垂直入射横流条件下掺混流场液滴群CVP结构特征尺寸和剪切层轨迹的预测关联式。另外针对喷嘴雾化锥角和喷射角度的分析表明,当喷雾初始雾化状态相近时,随着雾化锥角的减小,流场中CVP的水平尺度减小但竖直方向尺度增大且结构更为稳定,同时喷雾液滴的贯穿深度增大;相比喷雾垂直于横流入射,当喷嘴以一定角度逆向横流入射时,CVP结构稳定性减弱,流场剪切层涡结构变大且剪切层区域液滴富集现象减弱,射流尾迹紊乱程度增加,反之,则流场剪切层涡拟序结构变小,射流尾迹现象减弱,CVP结构变小。     

轴对称结构RBCC发动机超燃模态试验和数值模拟

为研究轴对称结构RBCC发动机超燃模态下的点火和燃烧性能,进行了地面直连试验。采用中心支板火箭与小支板组喷注相结合的方式作为点火和火焰稳定方式,并对燃料喷注方案进行了研究。试验与数值模拟结果表明,采用这种点火方式能实现轴对称结构RBCC发动机的可靠点火和稳定燃烧。二次燃料采取多级喷注的方式能充分利用流道中的氧气,实现较充分的燃烧,但应控制燃料喷注比例。双支板组的加入,能促进燃料与中心空气流的充分掺混,提升燃烧效率,获得较优的燃烧性能。     

飞行器再入大气层通信黑障的消除方法

文章通过分析等离子体鞘层与电磁波的相互作用,考察了通信黑障的产生原理及其影响,详细介绍了各种通信黑障消除方法的基本原理及其优缺点,包括改变空气动力学形状、亲电子物质注入、磁开窗、引入交叉电磁场、提高发射功率和入射波频率以及采用Raman散射通信等,为进一步开展通信黑障消除方法的应用研究指明了方向。     

考虑燃料均衡的卫星编队队形重构技术

在卫星编队队形重构过程中,如何在实现编队整体燃料消耗较少的同时使得各子卫星燃料消耗均衡,能够有效地提高卫星编队整体的寿命。提出了一种基于虚拟中心位置可变的卫星编队队形重构新方法。该方法以虚拟中心位置为寻优变量,以首末脉冲时刻可优化的双脉冲规划作为单星轨道机动策略,将编队队形重构问题转化为混合0-1数学规划问题。仿真结果表明,该优化算法在实现整体燃料次优的同时,兼顾了各星当前的燃料剩余水平,实现了各子卫星的燃料均衡。     

燃气推力矢量控制发动机内流场数值模拟

采用基于Favre平均的三维N-S方程,对燃气推力矢量控制发动机全内流场进行了数值仿真,研究了燃气引流、燃气二次喷射及与发动机内主流相互作用等复杂流动。研究结果表明,流场内包含复杂的涡系结构和波系结构,还存在着边界层与激波的相互干扰、自由剪切层、激波、膨胀波和大尺寸分离。通过数值模拟,对试验中的异常现象进行了定性分析,得出了与试验一致的结论。     

电容式多次放电点火系统设计与试验

针对某型二冲程点燃式空气辅助缸内直喷发动机燃用柴油问题,提出了实现单电容连续多次放电点火的方法,研制了直流电容式多次放电点火模块,进行了多次点火功能性验证及点火能量测试.在此基础上,进行了环境温度为6℃下的冷起动试验及3000r/min小负荷性能试验,结果表明:在该环境条件下,采用5次放电点火策略能够使发动机起动成功,在小负荷工况下,增加点火次数有利于改善缸内燃烧,点火提前角在10°~20°之间时,4次点火对发动机动力性、燃油消耗率及排放性能改善比2次点火更明显,当点火提前角提前至30°后,其改善作用逐渐减小.