大范围轨道机动的燃料消耗优化方法

针对航天器大范围轨道交会提出了二冲量燃料最省机动方案的数值寻优算法及多冲量机动方案的啸声境遗传算法.利用共面圆\椭圆轨道间的转移实例对两种算法正确小生境遗传算法.利用共面圆\椭圆轨道间的转移实例对两种算法正确性进行了验证,通过仿真实验,比较了大范围交会轨道机动中不同冲量次数对总燃料消耗的影响,分析得出了非共面轨道交会机动时燃料最省的指导性方案.     

Experimental investigation of fuel regression rate in a HTPB based lab-scale hybrid rocket motor

The fuel regression rate is an important parameter in the design process of the hybrid rocket motor. Additives in the solid fuel may have influences on the fuel regression rate, which will affect the internal ballistics of the motor. A series of firing experiments have been conducted on lab-scale hybrid rocket motors with 98% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) oxidizer and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based fuels in this paper. An innovative fuel regression rate analysis method is established to diminish the errors caused by start and tailing stages in a short time firing test. The effects of the metal Mg, Al, aromatic hydrocarbon anthracene (C₁₄H₁₀), and carbon black (C) on the fuel regression rate are investigated. The fuel regression rate formulas of different fuel components are fitted according to the experiment data. The results indicate that the influence of C₁₄H₁₀ on the fuel regression rate of HTPB is not evident. However, the metal additives in the HTPB fuel can increase the fuel regression rate significantly.     

New reference trajectory optimization algorithm for a flight management system inspired in beam search

With the objective of reducing the flight cost and the amount of polluting emissions released in the atmosphere, a new optimization algorithm considering the climb, cruise and descent phases is presented for the reference vertical flight trajectory. The selection of the reference vertical navigation speeds and altitudes was solved as a discrete combinatory problem by means of a graphtree passing through nodes using the beam search optimization technique. To achieve a compromise between the execution time and the algorithm's ability to find the global optimal solution, a heuristic methodology introducing a parameter called ‘‘optimism coefficient was used in order to estimate the trajectory's flight cost at every node. The optimal trajectory cost obtained with the developed algorithm was compared with the cost of the optimal trajectory provided by a commercial flight management system(FMS). The global optimal solution was validated against an exhaustive search algorithm(ESA), other than the proposed algorithm. The developed algorithm takes into account weather effects, step climbs during cruise and air traffic management constraints such as constant altitude segments, constant cruise Mach, and a pre-defined reference lateral navigation route. The aircraft fuel burn was computed using a numerical performance model which was created and validated using flight test experimental data.     

快速测定燃料组成的研究

介绍了国内外现有的燃料快速测定方法,系统而又详细地探讨了近红外光谱法的基本方法及其特点,为快速、准确测定燃料的组成提供了一种新方法。     

核热推进反应堆燃料元件发展概述

深空探测作为我国航天领域未来的重要任务之一,需要性能更高的推进系统提供动力。核热推进系统具有高比冲、大推力、长运行寿命、可重复启动等优点,可为未来深空探测任务提供可靠的动力支撑。经过了60多年的发展,核热推进固态堆芯燃料元件被研制出了多种类型,如六棱柱石墨基燃料元件、扭曲条带燃料元件、六棱柱金属陶瓷燃料元件、球形包覆颗粒燃料元件、MITEE型燃料元件、SLHC型燃料元件、Grooved Ring型燃料元件等。总结归纳了核热推进固态堆芯燃料元件的发展状况,提出了发展核热推进固态堆芯燃料元件的关键技术,可为我国核热推进系统燃料元件的研制提供借鉴。     

某型通航飞机发动机燃油系统测试软件的设计与实现

通航飞机发动机燃油系统测试台智能化程度普遍较低,测试效率和测试精度低下,严重危及飞行安全。针对某型通航飞机发动机燃油系统测试台设计缺陷和现有不足,采用计算机辅助测试技术和信息管理系统,在原理分析和系统重建的基础上利用特定的编程语言和数据库构建了一套专门的测试软件和管理系统,有效地提高了燃油系统部件的测试效率和测试精度。     

基于Lyapunov势函数的小卫星编队队形保持方法

在考虑地球非球形引力J2项摄动时,用Lyaounov势函数法推导了连续和离散两种控制方法,以保持与控制运行于椭圆轨道的小卫星编队飞行位置。建立了相应的数学模型,并证明两种控制方法均可实现系统的稳定。理论分析和仿真结果表明,两种方法均能在规定的时间内将伴随星控制到理想位置,并在相同的轨道条件下比较了两者的燃料消耗。     

带液体晃动航天器的非线性自适应反馈控制

针对一种带液体燃料晃动的航天器,同时考虑液体晃动参数的不确定性,提出了一种参数自适应非线性反馈控制方法,抑制航天器的俯仰及横向运动,同时抑制液体燃料的晃动.针对航天器与液体燃料的固液耦合非线性模型,采用基于Lyapunov函数的设计方法设计系统的反馈控制律,运用间接自适应方法设计参数自适应律,并使用参数映射等手段来保证参数估计值在合理取值范围内.仿真结果表明,控制器可以使航天器达到渐近稳定,进而验证了控制器的有效性.     

椭圆轨道卫星编队队形及J2项摄动影响研究

基于椭圆轨道的两卫星相对运动方程,分析了参考星轨道为椭圆的编队飞行成立条件,给出了队形设计方法。讨论了J2项摄动对椭圆编队队形的影响。通过改变两卫星偏心率之差Δe调整环绕星的偏心率以消除部分J2项摄动。仿真结果表明,采用该法设计椭圆轨道编队队形可减少主动控制,节省燃料。     

流体在喷孔中的流动特性分析

本文阐述了流体在喷孔中的流动特性.还通过实验得出了喷孔长径比、进口几何形状、进口倾角、表面张力对喷孔流量系数的影响及改进的方法.