时频测量的新技术——相位重合点检测技术

近年来相位重合点检测技术和周期性信号参数测量各种高精度的方法在国内外得到了广泛应用。对这种新技术的基本原理、所派生的频率、周期、相位差和时间间隔测量方法作了介绍。这些新方法测量精度高,测量频率范围宽,设备构成比较简单,在时频测量领域将获得越来越广泛的应用,可能逐渐取代已有的某些测量技术,并可在其它量测量领域获得推广。     

基于FPGA的高准确度数字频率信号源设计

介绍了直接数字频率合成技术的实现方法,分析了其优越的技术特性。根据其特性,利用FPGA设计了高准确度的数字频率信号源。仿真结果表明,与传统的信号源相比,使用该方法实现的信号源,其信号种类多,准确度高,满足测试设备数字化、软件化的趋势。     

铷原子频率标准的小型化研究

为推动国产铷原子频标技术的深入发展,我们进行了小型铷原子频率标准装置的研制,目的是重点解决铷频标的小型化、长寿命、高稳定度、低相位噪声、低老化率等技术关键。详细介绍了小型铷原子频率标准装置的基本组成和工作原理,并对其重要组成部分(包括微波倍频链、误差放大链及同步检波、物理泵体、高稳压控晶振)在小型化前提下进行的技术指标改进作了深入的分析和说明,最后简要分析了小型铷原子频率标准装置的可靠性和实用性。     

消光比参数的溯源方法

对通信信号分析仪的光口消光比参数进行溯源研究,提出了将光口消光比参数溯源到示波器电压参数上的方法并进行了实验验证。首先搭建了消光比稳定的数字信号发射机作为被测源。其次采用带宽足够的光电探测器XPDV2150R(DC-50GHz 1550nm)将光信号转变到电信号,来消除频响对测量结果的影响,并通过实验验证了光电探测器带宽和接收机带宽对测量结果的影响。最后通过垂直幅度可溯源的电示波器对电信号进行消光比测量。将测量结果和通过通信信号分析仪光口眼图功能测得的结果进行比对,验证两者的一致性,最终实现将消光比参数溯源到电压参数上。     

Early analysis of precise orbit and clock offset determination for the satellites of the global BeiDou-3 system

Eight new-generation BeiDou satellites (BeiDou-3) have been launched into Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), allowing for global coverage since March 2018, and they are equipped with new hydrogen atomic clocks and updated rubidium clocks. Firstly, we analyzed the signals for the carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) and pseudorange multipath (MP) by using international GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) station data, and found that B1C has a lower C/N0, and B2a has the same level of C/N0 as the B1I and B3I signals. For pseudorange multipath, compared with the BeiDou-2 satellites, the obvious systematic variation of MP scatters related to the elevation angle is greatly improved for the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e satellites signals. For the signals of the BeiDou-3 satellites, the order of the Root Mean Square (RMS) values of multipath and noise is B3I?<?B1I?<?B2a?<?B1C. Then, the comparison of the precise orbit determination and clock offset determination for the BeiDou-2, BeiDou-3, and BeiDou-3 experimental (BeiDou-3e) satellites was done by using 10 stations from iGMAS. The 3D precision of the 24?h orbit overlap is 24.55, 25.61, and 23.35?cm for the BeiDou-3, BeiDou-3e, and BeiDou-2 satellites, respectively. BeiDou-3 satellite has a comparable precision to that of the BeiDou-2 satellite. For the precision of clock offset estimation, the Standard Deviation (STD) of the BeiDou-3 MEO satellite is 0.350?ns, which is an improvement of 0.042?ns over that of the BeiDou-2 MEO satellite. The stabilities of the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e onboard clocks are better than those of BeiDou-2 by factors of 2.84 and 1.61 at an averaging time of 1000 and 10,000?s, respectively.     

Sunspot activity and cosmic ray modulation at 1 a.u. for 1900–2013

The descent of sunspot cycle 23 to an unprecedented minimum of long duration in 2006–2009 led to a prolonged galactic cosmic ray (GCR) recovery to the highest level observed in the instrumental era for a variety of energetic charged particle species on Earth, over a wide range of rigidities. The remarkable GCR increase measured by several ground-based, balloon-borne, and detectors on a satellite is described and discussed. It is accompanied by a decrease in solar wind velocity and interplanetary magnetic field at 1 a.u., reaching the lowest values since measurements of the solar wind began in October 1963; the solar polar field strength (μT) measured at the Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) is also significantly reduced compared to prior cycles since the start of the program in 1976, the polar field in the northern hemisphere reversed in June 2012 and again in February 2014, that in the southern hemisphere reversed in July 2013. If updates of WSO data confirm the second reversal in northern solar hemisphere, it would pose a serious challenge to the Dynamo Theory. The long-term change in solar behavior may have begun in 1992, perhaps earlier. The physical underpinnings of these solar changes need to be understood and their effect on GCR modulation processes clarified. The study discusses the recent phenomena in the context of GCR modulation since 1900. These happenings affected our empirical predictions for the key parameters for the next two sunspot cycles (they may be progressively less active than sunspot cycle 24) but it enhanced support for our prediction that solar activity is descending into a Dalton-like grand minimum in the middle of the twentyfirst century, reducing the frequency of the coronal mass ejections; they determine the space weather affecting the quality of life on Earth, radiation dose for hardware and human activities in space as well as the frequency of large Forbush decreases at 1 a.u.     

基于ANSYS Workbench的行星滚柱丝杠动态特性分析

通过Pro/Engineer建立行星滚柱丝杠三维模型，基于ANSYS Workbench有限元分析技术进行模态与谐响应分析，得到前六阶固有频率与各阶模态振型，确定共振频率，掌握对应频率下的位移峰值响应，并研究螺母处于不同工作位置时对固有频率的影响，为基于行星滚柱丝杠传动的舵系统抗振设计提供数据支撑。     

无源滤波器频率漂移的一种迭代算法

文章介绍了无源滤波器在试验过程中产生的典型幅频特性漂移曲线，并针对这些典型曲线提出了基于均方误差最小原则和牛顿迭代的频率漂移算法。     

无人机高速DS/FH混合扩频通信系统关键模块设计

针对UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,无人机)测控链路高抗干扰需求,给出了实现跳频速率20 000次/s的扩跳混合无人机测控数据链系统实现方案.系统采用跳频频率并行捕获模式.跳频源设计采用直接频率合成、DDS(Direct Digital Synthesis,直接数字频率合成)和PLL (Phase-Locked Loop,锁相环)相结合的混合频率合成技术.利用相位响应滤波器,通过正交调制技术完成MSK(Minimum Shift Keying,最小频移键控)、GMSK (GaussianMinimum Shift Keying,高斯最小频移键控)调制.通过推导得出2 bit差分解调输出与载波频率选择有关,且为四分之数据率的整数倍关系.然后通过实例分析给出了跳频频率间隔选取方法,即跳频间隔应当将临近跳频的主瓣分开,同时跳频载波频率应当设在其他跳频频谱的零点处.最后总结了高速扩跳频系统参数设计一般步骤.     

流向强迫作用下的液体初始雾化机制及动力学特征

使用Volume of fluid (VOF)方法和基于树形数据结构的自适应算法来研究射流雾化的破碎过程以及扰动对射流破碎机理产生的影响。在无扰动情况下,液体射流的头部、液丝和液滴随着射流时间的发展不断发生演变。射流头部先呈现蘑菇状外形,随后液丝生成,并慢慢转变成网兜状,直至断裂形成小液滴。在周期性流向强迫的作用下,射流液柱的表面会形成周期波,其液丝破裂形成液滴的时机与稳定射流情形相比会有所提前,射流形成的头部更趋于扁平,最终生成的液滴数量更多。低中频阶段,随着扰动频率的增大,射流未扰动液柱长度(L)逐渐缩短,液滴直径的概率密度分布(PDF)趋于尖锐,液滴平均直径(SMD)增大。在高频阶段,随着扰动频率的增大,L会随之增大,液滴直径的PDF分布变得平缓,SMD会减小。