Prediction of forming limit curve (FLC) for Al-Li alloy 2198-T3 sheet using different yield functions

The Forming Limit Curve (FLC) of the third generation aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloy 2198-T3 is measured by conducting a hemispherical dome test with specimens of different widths. The theoretical pred...     

Fracture behavior and self-sharpening mechanisms of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in grinding based on cohesive element method

Unlike monocrystalline cubic boron nitride (CBN), polycrystalline CBN (PCBN) shows not only higher fracture resistance induced by tool-workpiece interaction but also better self-sharpening capability; therefore, efforts have been devoted to the study of PCBN applications in manufacturing engineering. Most of the studies, however, remain qualitative due to difficulties in experimental observations and theoretical modeling and provide limited in-depth understanding of the self-sharpening behavior/mechanism. To fill this research gap, the present study investigates the self-sharpening process of PCBN abrasives in grinding and analyzes the macro-scale fracture behavior and highly localized micro-scale crack propagation in detail. The widely employed finite element (FE) method, together with the classic Voronoi diagram and cohesive element technique, is used considering the pronounced success of FE applications in polycrystalline material modeling. Grinding trials with careful observation of the PCBN abrasive morphologies are performed to validate the proposed method. The self-sharpening details, including fracture morphology, grinding force, strain energy, and damage dissipation energy, are studied. The effects of maximum grain cut depths (MGCDs) and grinding speeds on the PCBN fracture behavior are discussed, and their optimum ranges for preferable PCBN self-sharpening performance are suggested.     

General aspects on structural integrity

This paper seeks to mark the fruitful collaborative research between scholars in the University of Southampton and Beihang University for last 25 years on structural integrity. Their efforts addressed some important issues in structural integrity such as fatigue and fracture behavior,fatigue load spectra, fatigue and fracture lifetimes, reliability-based service period, adhesively bonded composite patch repairs, Plain Woven Fabric(PWF) composites and composite artefacts.New advances in engineering approaches, experimental methods, numerical algorithms and understanding of failure mechanisms relating to structural integrity are highlighted. Probable limits(or drawbacks) are also discussed. This review provides an insight into the general aspects on structural integrity and constitutes a basis for pointers to the further works on structural integrity.     

考虑土渐近状态特性的应力应变关系

在经典弹塑性理论框架下,根据SMP(Spatially Mobilized Plane)破坏准则并结合变换应力方法,通过引入准弹性体积模量的概念,建立了用增量法表示的考虑土渐近状态特性的三维应力应变关系式.针对三轴压缩应力条件,给出了相应的简化应力应变增量矩阵,以三轴压缩试验中的常规三轴压缩、不排水剪切和控制应变增量比的3种应力路径为例,推导出了便于应用的应力应变增量关系式.最后,利用文中的公式进行了预测分析和试验对比,结果表明:新推导的公式能方便地预测考虑渐近状态特性下土的应力应变关系,并能合理描述试验结果.     

三向碳-碳复合材料界面结构研究

本文用透射电子显微术研究了三向碳-碳复合材料的界面结构。结果表明:在碳纤维表面微缺陷区或活性区,存在沉积碳微晶条带“钉扎”结构;在碳纤维表面光滑区,存在一定数量的界面间隙:沥青碳与沉积碳的界面存在一个沉积碳微晶条带与沥青碳石墨条带相互贯穿网络所形成的诱导结构界面相。本文分析了界面缺陷,并讨论了界面结构对纤维束断裂行为的影响。     

几种金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效机理

利用自冲铆连接系统、材料试验机及扫描电子显微镜等设备来研究钛合金、铝锂合金及铝合金自冲铆接头的力学性能与静态失效机理。结果表明:TA1钛合金接头平均最大拉剪载荷(6 285.0 N)在3种接头中最大,8090铝锂合金接头(5 478.3 N)次之,5052铝合金接头(3 217.7 N)最小;不同金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效模式有很大的区别,TA1钛合金接头出现铆钉从沿晶断裂向韧性断裂转变的失效过程,8090铝锂合金接头出现材料被擦伤与解理断裂的失效过程,5052铝合金接头仅出现材料被擦伤的失效过程。     

预置裂纹定向凝固高温合金叶片的断裂特征分析

通过对涡轮叶片用、定向凝固合金材料DZ4紧凑拉伸试样的断裂韧性计算,在有限元程序MSC.MARC下建立了复杂构件应力强度因子的计算模型;结合试验研究,计算了预置裂纹叶片的应力强度因子,分析了发生断裂时的状态,发现叶片的断裂韧性具有较大的分散性,其中一部分明显低于材料的试验值;对工作条件下的故障叶片进行了模拟计算,反映出该叶片在发生断裂时瞬断区偏大而疲劳区偏小的断裂特征。     

纤维金属层板的静力学性能测试与预测模型

为研究纤维金属层板(FML)的非线性变形行为和损伤机制,对GLARE2-2/1、GLARE2-3/2、GLARE3-2/1、GLARE3-3/2、GLARE6-2/1和GLARE6-3/2层板进行了静力拉伸测试,同时采用数字图像相关(DIC)技术观测了GLARE2-3/2、GLARE3-3/2和GLARE6-3/2试样的全场应变,基于修正的经典层板理论建立了考虑金属层塑性和预浸料层损伤的理论本构模型,模拟预测了GLARE层板的轴向弹性模量、断裂强度和应力-应变曲线,与测试结果进行了对比分析。对经历载荷作用的试样,采用腐蚀去层的方法研究了内部预浸料层的损伤。结果显示:铺层增加后受损伤预浸料层的性能退化更多,采用DIC技术能够有效检测静力拉伸载荷下GLARE试样内预浸料层的损伤,理论模型方法能够很好地模拟GLARE试样的静力拉伸试验过程。     

2219-T87/T852铝合金异质接头力学性能弱化及断裂机制

开展了航天贮箱用2219-T87和2219-T852铝合金变极性钨极氩弧焊接研究,通过拉伸试验确定了接头力学强度薄弱区,对接头焊缝晶粒特征、晶界偏析及强化相分布等微观组织分析,阐明接头力学性能弱化及断裂机制。结果表明,接头在-196℃低温条件下平均抗拉强度为314 MPa,平均延伸率为5.68%,接头力学强度薄弱区为2219-T852侧熔合区。在拉伸过程中,接头背部焊缝打底层边缘首先发生起裂,沿熔合区向上扩展,最终断口呈现混合断裂模式。微观组织分析表明,在接头力学强度薄弱区,组织为非均匀过渡混合晶粒特征,晶界偏析造成的沿晶共晶相呈粘连网状分布,基体强化相大量溶解与粗化,共同导致了接头强度和塑性的显著下降。     

基于局部应力-应变法的飞机起落架车架寿命分析

起落架是飞机结构中的重要组成部分,是飞机的主要承力构件,其工作性能直接影响飞机的起飞性能、着陆性能和安全。首次翻修寿命是一个非常重要的安全参数,而飞机起落架车架是决定起落架翻修寿命的关键构件。本文应用局部应力-应变法的原理,研究在循环载荷条件下某起落架的疲劳(裂纹形成)寿命,并对其裂纹形成寿命和出现裂纹后的剩余强度进行了估算,进而从疲劳断裂方面提出了延长该主起落架首次翻修寿命的理论依据。