Variable load failure mechanism for high-speed load sensing electro-hydrostatic actuator pump of aircraft

This paper presents a novel transient lubrication model for the analysis of the variable load failure mechanism of high-speed pump used in Load Sensing Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (LS-EHA). Focusing on the slipper/swashplate pair partial abrasion, which is considered as the dominant failure mode in the high-speed condition, slipper dynamic models are established. A forth sliding motion of the slipper on the swashplate surface is presented under the fact that the slipper center of mass will rotate around the center of piston ball when the swashplate angle is dynamically adjusted. Besides, extra inertial tilting moments will be produced for the slipper based on the theorem on translation of force, which will increase rapidly when LS-EHA pump operates under high-speed condition. Then, a dynamic lubricating model coupling with fluid film thickness field, temperature field and pressure field is proposed. The deformation effects caused by thermal deflection and hydrostatic pressure are considered. A numerical simulation model is established to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model. Finally, based on the load spectrum of aircraft flight profile, the variable load conditions and the oil film characteristics are analyzed, and series of variable load rules of oil film thickness with variable speed/variable pressure/variable displacement are concluded.     

火星进入舱开伞弹伞载荷动力放大系数研究与试验验证

Firstly, the analytical formulas of the dynamic magnification factor with the pulse time of the response spectrum of a single degree of freedom system under the rectangular and half sine pulse are derived. Then the parachute inflation and ejection low frequency high shock load dynamic simulation model of the Mars entry vehicle is built based on abaqus explict dynamics, and the influence of the shock load shape, load time and load damping are analyzed. Finally, the experiments of the opening parachute load suspension impact dynamic load and the parachute load real parachute impact dynamic load are carried out.The results show that the structure responds decline when the shock load time is less than  1 ms , and the static equivalence load becomes steady when the load time is longer than 5 ms; the dynamics equivalence load of the parachute inflation is about 1 time than static because of the smooth time wave, but the parachute ejection’s is about 1~2 times than static due to the steep rectangle wave.      

液体火箭发动机低温阀门铝垫片密封性能数值分析

为研究某液体火箭发动机低温阀门铝垫片密封结构在低温工作环境下的密封性能，利用Abaqus软件建立了该结构的二维轴对称模型，计算了低温工作状态下铝垫片密封表面接触压力的变化，并研究了铝垫片在循环温度载荷作用下接触压力下降的机理。结果表明，在低温工作时密封垫片与阀门各部件材料线胀系数不同导致了在温度降低时密封面上的接触力的下降；而铝垫片密封表面上复杂的应力应变状态导致接触压力在温度载荷作用下无法恢复。在温度载荷循环作用下，铝垫片密封面上产生了棘轮效应。垫片的塑性应变在棘轮效应中累积且最大应力值在棘轮效应中下降；接触力会随着温度载荷循环次数增加逐步降低并在一定周期后保持稳定。提出了采用锥形垫片的结构改进方案，并通过仿真验证了该结构在循环温度载荷作用下保持密封压力的有效性。     

Topology optimization of joint load control with geometrical nonlinearity

This paper presents an extended topology optimization approach considering joint load constraints with geo-metrical nonlinearity in design of assembled structures. The geometrical nonlinearity is firstly included to reflect the structural response and the joint load distribution under large deformation. To avoid a failure of fastener joints, topology optimization is then carried out to minimize the structural end compliance in the equilibrium state while controlling joint loads intensities over fasteners. During nonlinear analysis and optimization, a novel implementation of adjoint vector sensitivity analysis along with super element condensation is introduced to address numerical instability issues. The degrees of freedom of weak regions are condensed so that their influences are excluded from the iterative Newton-Raphson (NR) solution. Numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method. The effects of joint load constraints and geometrical nonlinearity are highlighted by comparing numerical optimization results.     

直升机前飞吊挂飞行动力学响应分析

建立了带吊挂载荷的直升机飞行动力学模型,其中旋翼诱导速度场计算采用了广义动态入流理论模型并添加了畸变项,用以考虑从加速过程的尾迹畸变和附加非定常效应;旋翼气动载荷模型采用了翼型大角度范围插值技术,并结合经典薄翼型理论建立综合的非定常气动载荷模型.还建立了六自由度吊挂载荷模型,其中吊索采用了柔性钢索模型,计入了吊挂模型的气动阻力.通过仿真计算分析了吊挂前飞状态下总距阶跃操纵输入以及前推杆阶跃操纵输入时直升机及吊挂动力学响应历程.     

飞机引导控制指令研究

飞机引导控制指令的选择直接影响到飞行控制性能,对引导控制指令的种类和优劣进行研究具有重要意义。首先,以纵向为例,分析认为可选择的引导控制指令有俯仰角指令、法向过载指令和垂直速率指令;然后,在几个合理假设的基础上,采用理论分析方法对上述三种引导控制指令进行比较,所得结论如下:在抑制风对迎角、高度的干扰,以及抑制参数摄动对高度的干扰等方面,能力由高到低分别为过载指令、垂直速率指令和俯仰角指令。最后,通过仿真对上述结论进行了辅助验证。     

Stiffeners layout design of thin-walled structures with constraints on multi-fastener joint loads

The purpose of this paper is to present an extended topology optimization method for the stiffeners layout design of aircraft assembled structures.Multi-fastener joint loads and manufacturing constraints are considered simultaneously.On one hand,the joint loads are calculated and constrained within a limited value to avoid the failure of fasteners.On the other hand,the manufacturing constraints of the material distribution in the machining directions of stiffeners are implemented by an improved piecewise interpolation based on a beveled cut-surface.It is proven that the objective function is strictly continuous and differentiable with respect to the piecewise interpolation.The effects of the extended method with two different constraints are highlighted by typical numerical examples.Compared with the standard topology optimization,the final designs have clearly shown the layout of stiffeners and the joint loads have been perfectly constrained to a satisfying level.     

某机翼的安全预测载荷模型建立

基于试飞阶段全V-N包线的实测飞行载荷，将改进遗传算法、线性回归与BP神经网络融合，给出了一种适用于全寿命周期的自适应安全预测载荷模型建立方法。将该方法应用于某飞机机翼的安全预测载荷模型建立，并对所建立的载荷模型进行了全V-N包线的验证。分析了样本空间与载荷模型精度的关系。结果表明：建立的弯矩预测载荷全包线最大误差为10.6%、平均误差为1.0%，剪力的最大误差为9.1%、平均误差为0.4%，比优化线性和分段线性的误差小，比神经网络的收敛性好。随着建模数据从全样本、1/2、1/3、…、1/10样本的变化，弯矩和剪力方程的全V-N包线的最大误差整体呈增大趋势，弯矩最大误差变化范围为10.6%~19.6%，最大剪力误差变化范围为9.1%~27.9%。     

一种减小涡轮叶尖泄漏流的方法

提出了一种叶尖逆向涡流发生器减小叶尖泄漏流的方法,利用压力面和叶顶面的压力差,将气流从压力面引入,从叶顶面逆着叶尖泄漏流方向高速射出减小叶尖泄漏流.对某典型毫米尺度涡轮叶栅进行了有/无逆向涡流发生器流场的数值对比分析,分析了不同进口条件下逆向涡流发生器对叶尖泄漏流和周向载荷的影响.结果发现:在典型进口条件下,逆向涡流发...     

飞机对称着陆多体动力学建模与实测验证

基于牛顿-欧拉多体动力学建模方法,建立了三体九自由度飞机对称着陆动力学模型.以某型双腔缓冲器起落架飞机为例,通过飞行实测不同状态下的起落架着陆动态载荷,仿真计算相应的着陆重量、着陆下沉速度及着陆姿态下的着陆动态载荷.验证分析结果表明,所建飞机对称着陆多体动力模型是有效的.