空间目标光电巡天策略的优化

随着空间目标与碎片数量的激增,传统的基于目标跟踪的空间目标光电监视手段已不能满足需求,近年出现了面向空域的空间目标巡天观测。针对空间目标巡天观测的特点,同时考虑空间目标观测的目标个数和数据量,提出了一种空间目标巡天观测策略,并建立了相应的空间目标光电巡天优化数学模型。模型中通过0-1变量的使用,实现了目标函数和约束条件的线性化,十分有利于大规模问题的求解,能够更好地满足实际需求。仿真计算表明:策略简单,易于实现,并且有很好的效果;通过优化,只需要少量望远镜即能实现大批量空间目标的监视,并保持一定的观测数据量,为空间目标光电监视策略提供了新的思路。     

基于修正Rife算法的脉冲回波相参积累算法

针对目标径向运动导致回波在波门内出现距离走动的情况,提出了一种针对径向匀速运动目标回波信号长时间相参积累的方法。该方法根据傅里叶变换的时移性质——不同时刻回波频谱相关序列的频率包含了各回波到达的时间延迟,通过修正Rife算法估计此时间延迟,最终确定并补偿各个回波的距离走动分量。仿真结果表明:提出的方法可以有效补偿各回波间的距离走动;信噪比低至-6dB时,算法的性能即可达到最优;补偿后积累信号的信噪比可以达到理想积累情况下的93%。     

基于渐进损伤有限元的复材厚板连接分析

针对复合材料厚板连接件,建立三维累积损伤有限元模型预测复合材料厚板连接件的挤压性能。对复合材料层板中的纤维失效、基体失效和分层等损伤类型进行分析模拟,预测厚板连接件的破坏模式及损伤扩展过程,并分析尺寸参数与复材厚层合板连接强度的关系。     

运输类飞机疲劳寿命分析的一种新方法

为了使DFR法能够适用于一般运输类飞机的疲劳分析,对DFR法进行了改进。从飞机各典型飞行任务剖面的使用比例(飞行次数比例)导出其在整个寿命期内所占的损伤比例,进而获得了当量剖面的损伤;然后再以当量剖面的损伤为基准,计算地-空-地(G-A-G)损伤比,再导出当量地-空-地循环数,最后确定出地-空-地循环许用应力和疲劳裕度。改进后的DFR法已应用于实际的工程设计。     

γ-H2AX as a biomarker of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and artificial skin

Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure is inevitable in our modern society and can lead to a variety of deleterious effects including cancer and birth defects. A reliable, reproducible and sensitive assessment of exposure to IR and the individual response to that exposure would provide much needed information for the optimal treatment of each donor examined. We have developed a diagnostic test for IR exposure based on detection of the phosphorylated form of variant histone H2AX (γ-H2AX), which occurs specifically at sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The cell responds to a nascent DSB through the phosphorylation of thousands of H2AX molecules flanking the damaged site. This highly amplified response can be visualized as a γ-H2AX focus in the chromatin that can be detected in situ with the appropriate antibody. Here we assess the usability of γ-H2AX focus formation as a possible biodosimeter for human exposure to IR using peripheral blood lymphocytes irradiated ex vivo and three-dimensional artificial models of human skin biopsies. In both systems, the tissues were exposed to 0.2–5 Gy, doses of IR that might be realistically encountered in various scenarios such as cancer radiotherapies or accidental exposure to radiation. Since the γ-H2AX response is maximal 30 min after exposure and declines over a period of hours as the cells repair the damage, we examined the time limitations of the useful detectability of γ-H2AX foci. We report that a linear response proportional to the initial radiation dose was obtained 48 and 24 h after exposure in blood samples and skin cells respectively. Thus, detection of γ-H2AX formation to monitor DNA damage in minimally invasive blood and skin tests could be useful tools to determine radiation dose exposure and analyze its effects on humans.     

工程陶瓷磨削表面/亚表面损伤的产生及其控制

讨论了表面/亚表面裂纹和残余应力产生的原因及扩展机理,探讨了控制陶瓷磨削表面/亚表面损伤的途径,并指出了当前存在的问题及今后需要努力地方向.     

一种复杂形体消隐的新方法

本文首先提出了一种视线交点法消隐原理。然后针对复杂形体投影特点,给出了一种消除复杂形体隐藏线的新方法。该方法的特点是将复杂形体分解成若干个若干凸体,并将凸体的外围线框找出,同时将待消隐线段与外围线框求交,并用交点将待消隐线段分解成若干段,每一段采用视线交点法消隐原理测试其可见性,从而达到对待消隐线段消隐的目的。     

重排算法在多目标雷达信号分辨中的应用

本文使用１５年前由柯德锐等人首次在谱图中使用,并经弗朗克斯等人改进并推广的重排算法,对多目标雷达信号进行架次识别,此重排算法简单且极易实施,在重排后失支双线性时,却保持了其他许多可取特性,并换回了Ｃｈｉｒｐ信号和冲击信号的准确定位,针对编队多目标雷达信号的线性调频特点,利用此重排算法在权衡能量聚集性和消重排振荡的同时,实现了对编队多目标雷达信号的分辨。     

基于改进YOLOv3网络的遥感目标快速检测方法

针对将来卫星在轨实时目标检测需求,且在其内存和算力都受限的条件下,提出一种改进的YOLOv3,利用轻量化网络代替YOLOv3的特征提取网络,实现遥感目标的高效检测。在目标检测精度相近的情况下,改进模型参数相比原先降低了1.5倍,计算量降低了3.3倍。同时提出了一种基于交并比的迭代聚类算法,分别在YOLOv3和改进YOLOv3上实现了7.0%和2.3%的平均精度均值(mAP)提升。实验表明:改进模型的检测速度最快能达到101 frame/s,当其mAP比YOLOv3高6%时,检测速度仍是YOLOv3的1.6倍。本文提出的改进YOLOv3是一种高效遥感目标检测方法,为未来星上应用打下基础。