Full blended blade and endwall design of a compressor cascade

In the current state-of-the-art, high-loss flow in the endwall significantly influences compressor performance. Therefore, the control of endwall corner separation in compressor blade rows is important to consider. Based on the previous research of the Blended Blade and EndWall (BBEW) technique, which can significantly reduce corner separation, in combination with a non-axisymmetric endwall, the full-BBEW technique is proposed in this study to further reduce the separation in endwall region. The principle of the unchanged axial passage area is considered to derive the geometric method for this technique. Three models are further classified based on different geometric characteristics of this technique: the BBEW model, Inclining-Only EndWall (IOEW) model, and full-BBEW model. The most effective design of each model is then found by performing several optimizations at the design point and related numerical investigations over the entire operational conditions. Compared with the prototype, the total pressure loss coefficient decreases by 7%–9% in the optimized full-BBEW at the design point. Moreover, the aerodynamic blockage coefficient over the entire operational range decreases more than the other models, which shows its positive effect for diffusion. This approach has a larger decrease at negative incidence angles where the intersection of the boundary layer plays an important role in corner separation. The analysis shows that the blended blade profile enlarges the dihedral angle and creates a span-wise pressure gradient to move low momentum fluid towards the mainstream. Furthermore, the inclining hub geometry accelerates the accumulated flow in the corner downstream by increasing the pressure gradient. Overall, though losses in the mainstream grow, especially for large incidences, the full-BBEW technique effectively reduces the separation in corners.     

空气预冷发动机及微小通道流动传热研究综述

首先针对发动机空气预冷系统的特点,将现有的预冷机制分为四种类型,包括燃料预冷、质量喷注预压缩冷却、燃料预冷和质量喷注预压缩冷却组合预冷以及其他流体预冷,并分别介绍了每种预冷机制的代表性发动机循环以及技术特点。调研发现,微小通道结构的预冷器具有很高的散热能力和紧凑度,优势显著。英国Skylon空天飞机的预冷却组合循环发动机（SABRE）其微通道结构预冷器具有极高换热能力。对SABRE的预冷器及相关研究进行详细分析,强调微小通道强化换热对提高发动机性能的重要作用。通过对微小通道中单相气态流动换热研究的调研发现,微尺度流动传热机理仍存在诸多分歧,理论发展不完善,需要深入开展微小通道强化传热研究,尤其对于高速高内外温差条件下微小尺度复杂结构空间内流动传热机理需要深入探索。     

分段式固体火箭发动机内部流动不稳定性数值分析

采用大涡模拟技术,针对某分段式固体火箭发动机开展了发动机燃面退移0mm,160mm和280mm三个时刻下发动机燃烧室内部流动不稳定现象的数值分析,获得了三个典型时刻燃烧室内压强可能的振荡特性.计算结果表明,在发动机点火初期燃烧室内流动不稳定性主要由表面涡脱落导致;随着燃面的退移,端面限燃层暴露在燃气中,由于端面包覆结构残余的影响,燃烧室内流动不稳定性主要由障碍涡脱落决定,且与点火初期相比,压强振荡的频率逐步减小.     

流量可调燃气发生器压力闭环模糊控制算法

为了改进流量可调燃气发生器的调节精度,引入燃气发生器压力闭环控制,针对流量可调燃气发生器压力闭环控制特点,在压力闭环中引入了模糊积分控制,此控制算法响应速度快,超调量较小,不同工况及长时间工作下系统仍然有较好的动态特性.     

内乘波式进气道与典型侧压式进气道的性能对比

采用流线追踪技术,基于一种有利于均匀性的基本流场,按内乘波式进气道设计方法生成了一个来流马赫数6.0且进出口形状均为矩形的内乘波式进气道。其设计马赫数、迎风面形状等因素均参照某典型侧压式进气道选取,以便与之对比。CFD计算结果给出了设计状态下该内乘波式进气道与某典型侧压式进气道的流量系数、总压恢复、动能效率等主要性能指标,发现该内乘波式进气道的各项性能参数均略优于侧压式进气道。在非设计马赫数、攻角、侧滑等非设计状态下类似的性能对比研究表明,该内乘波式进气道不仅在设计状态下可捕获98%的来流,而且在各非设计状态下也可捕获91%以上的来流,流量捕获性能优势明显。以上结果证实:实现三维压缩与激波贴口的内乘波式进气道是一种高性能的定几何进气道方案。     

超声速和高超声速横向喷流数值模拟

为了解横向喷流的干扰影响和喷口附近的流场结构,采用分块对接网格和“0”型网格技术,数值求解N—S方程来模拟超声速和高超声速流场中横向喷流的干扰流场。对两种尖拱弹身外形的超声速和高超声速喷流干扰流场进行了数值计算,计算结果与风洞实验数据吻合一致。在此基础上,开展了某型导弹多喷构型干扰流场的数值模拟,得出一些横向喷流数值模拟的结论。     

Lumped element modelling of synthetic jet actuators

In this paper, a lumped element model of synthetic jet actuator is presented and used to predict the temporal variation of the jet velocity. Unlike the previous model reported in the literature, in this model the mechanical movement of the diaphragm is decoupled from the fluid phenomenon in the actuator cavity to allow the modelling of fluid mechanics aspect of the actuator to be investigated and validated separately. Furthermore, the “minor losses” occurring at the orifice exit is included and linked to the jet exit velocity profile. The results from this model are validated using the existing experimental data and CFD simulations. It is found that this model is capable of predicting the temporal variation of synthetic jets both in phase and magnitude when the actuator is operating away from the Helmholtz resonance frequency. Although the model fails to predict the correct phase information at the Helmholtz resonance frequency, it can still produce the jet peak velocity that is in good agreement with the experimental data. The lumped element model presented in this paper can be used to provide a reliable prediction of the jet peak velocity needed in the initial design of synthetic jet actuators for practical applications.     

高超声速球锥组合体流场数值分析

用数值模拟法研究了高超声速球锥组合体的层流流场特性与热行为,给出了流场计算方法与格式。研究结果表明：球锥组合体压缩拐角在高超声速下出现流动分离,其流动特性受壁面温度的影响极大;提高壁面温度使压缩拐点处分离点位置前移,再附点位置后移,涡心位置提高,分离范围扩大,同时降低球锥组合体热流的分布,球锥组合体头部热流明显减小。     

WANDFULH液压比例阀在多功能液压试验台设计中的应用

比较详细的介绍了世界著名的液压元件公司—WANDFULH（瑞士）的液压比例阀在流量和压力控制方面的几种不同应用,并介绍了相应的Amplifier／oontmller card sd1伺服放大控制板的电路连接和软件应用,以及液压实验台的参数、功能要求和调试过程。     

冲压发动机伴随蒸发过程的两相流流场计算

为了计算固液混合式火箭冲压发动机补燃室内带有燃料液滴的流场,用块隐式法计算气相流场,用分离流连续介质模型计算颗粒相的流动与蒸发过程,在控制方程组的联合求荽中,采用特定的算法来体现颗粒相的质量守恒律与尺寸的变化。算例表明,迭代过程能够快速收敛,计算结果定性正确。