真空小喷管羽流场的Monte Carlo直接模拟

利用直接模拟的Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ方法数值模拟了真空喷管羽流场，获得了符合规律的数值模拟结果。由于将随机取样频率法用于轴对称问题中，解决了计算机内存和速度上的困难，同时也证明了Ｒ－Ｓ－Ｆ方法的可靠性。     

固冲火箭技术的发展与展望

通过若干典型例子系统总结了目前固冲火箭技术的研究与进展情况,着重指出了该技术在达到实际应用之前尚存在的关键技术问题,并对今后的研究与发展方向提出了建议。     

自适应流通机匣处理改善压气机性能的机理

为了探索自适应流通机匣处理形式影响跨声压气机性能及流场的流动机理,文中采用非定常数值模拟方法研究了自适应流通机匣处理对NASA轴流Rotor37气动性能的影响。数值计算结果表明:自适应流通机匣处理能有效地延迟失速并在大部分流量范围内略微提高压气机的效率。通过详细的流场分析表明,该机匣处理能有效地增大叶顶区的气流进气角度,抑制了间隙泄漏涡在叶顶通道内的发展,同时阻止泄漏涡涡核在通过激波后破碎,提高了转子顶部通道的流通能力,进而减少叶顶区的流动损失。     

双向旋转变喉面流量调节阀热应力分析

以ANSYS软件为工具,时均化N-S方程、RNGkε-湍流模型和傅里叶热传导模型为基础,建立三维面对称纯气相流动和固体热传导模型;采用流固耦合的方法,设置流场和固体区域交界面为热耦合面,分析了喷管内流场特性和喷管体与轴阀固体区域的温度、应力分布。结果表明在喷管喉部圆柱段的温度最高,调节阀的等效喉部段和等效扩张段出现了应力集中的现象,两者都随轴阀转角的增加、工作时间的延长而增大。     

小冲击间距下带倾角冲击凹柱面流场结构实验研究

针对带倾角冲击凹柱面靶板的流动特性和流场结构研究,采用烟线法开展了流场显现实验研究,重点分析了旋流产生和发展的规律。试验中通过改变冲击雷诺数、冲击间距比(冲击间距和冲击孔直径之比)、冲击角度以及凹柱面相对曲率等参数,分析了涡出现的位置、结构等随这些参数的变化规律。研究结果表明:由于冲击射流同周围静止空气之间的粘性作用、气体在凹柱面上运动、脱离的共同作用下,带倾角冲击凹柱面靶板产生了不同的旋流结构。实验中,随冲击雷诺数的增加,在冲击滞止区域两侧流体冲击靶板分离处的圆心角增大,分离推迟;由于冲击角度的影响,相对冲击角度较小侧射流与壁面分离比在较大侧提前,且在相对冲击角度较小侧更容易产生旋流结构。实验中改变的参数均影响了旋流结构及其发展特性,并且影响规律表现出较强的关联性。     

降落伞稳定下降阶段流场的数值模拟

随着计算流体力学 (CFD)和结构有限元分析法的兴起 ,精确描绘降落伞力学特性成为可能。文中采用有限体积法求解不可压流的N -S方程 ,采用Spalart-Allmaras(SA)模型作为湍流模型 ,以模拟降落伞稳定下降阶段时的流场特性。流场的计算结果与实验数据基本一致 ,这表明该方法对降落伞的分析是有效并且可行的     

液体火箭发动机氧腔流动分析及均流板设计研究

采用Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟了某型火箭发动机推力室氧腔流动，计算分析了节流板表面的总、静压分布及其畸变指数。依据压力畸变提出了氧腔均流孔板改进方法，并通过多次分析-设计循环得到了新的均流板。最后对所设计的均流板进行了详细地计算分析和实验验证。分析和验证表明新设计的均流板使氧腔出口节流板表面压力畸变降低了30．4％，显著提高了氧腔压力均匀性，进而可以大大提高燃烧效率。     

A swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps

In order to apply the air fin successfully and ensure the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicle, a key problem to be studied urgently is the heat flux brought by the fin mounting gap. The appearance of mounting gap and fin shaft can induce many complex flow structures which need more attentions to be investigated. Under Ma 6, Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature Sensitive Paints (TSP) were applied to visualize and measure transient flow structures and heat flux distribution of a swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps. Complementarily, Reynolds-averaged N-S equations were solved with k-ω SST turbulent model. The heat flux distribution results of numerical simulation and TSP observed the change of high heat flux region with different mounting gap, both in position and magnitude. The streamlines based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization results obtained by NPLS revealed the cause of high heat flux region. The high heat flux region in this flow field is mainly related to the reattachment of vortex and flow stagnation. The increase of gap height can lead to stronger gap overflow and shaft-induced horseshoe vortex, which are source of the high heat flux around the fin. The case with the highest mounting gap (4 mm) en-counters the most severe aerodynamic heating, both on the surface of fin and plate. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the fin, the gap should be set as small as possible.     

安全阀性能检测系统的测量不确定度

分析了安全阀性能检测系统中的主要误差因素，对安全阀动作性能和排量系数的测量不确定度进行了初步计算。     

Flow separation control on swept wing with nanosecond pulse driven DBD plasma actuators

A 15° swept wing with dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator is designed.Experimental study of flow separation control with nanosecond pulsed plasma actuation is performed at flow velocity up to 40 m/s. The effects of the actuation frequency and voltage on the aerodynamic performance of the swept wing are evaluated by the balanced force and pressure measurements in the wind tunnel. At last, the performances on separation flow control of the three types of actuators with plane and saw-toothed exposed electrodes are compared. The optimal actuation frequency for the flow separation control on the swept wing is detected, namely the reduced frequency is 0.775, which is different from 2-D airfoil separation control. There exists a threshold voltage for the low swept wing flow control. Before the threshold voltage, as the actuation voltage increases, the control effects become better. The maximum lift is increased by 23.1% with the drag decreased by 22.4% at 14°, compared with the base line. However, the best effects are obtained on actuator with plane exposed electrode in the low-speed experiment and the abilities of saw-toothed actuators are expected to be verified under high-speed conditions.