低旋流中心分级燃烧室流场特性研究

为了研究新设计的一种低旋流中心分级燃烧室流场特性,采用数值模拟和PIV试验结合的方法,针对其头部两级主副模旋流器的不同组合方案开展了研究。研究表明:低旋流下,单独副模旋流器工作时气流半角22.3°,无法形成回流区,同时,副模气流轴向速度在旋流器出口具有较大的速度衰减特性;回流区的形成是主副模旋流器相互作用的结果,流场呈径向分区特征,中心回流区在内,回流区最大径向尺寸小于主模旋流器外径,主模气流在回流区外,无回流区形成;不同副模旋流数下的流场结构基本一致,随着副模旋流数的增加,中心回流区的径向尺寸增大。     

微秒脉冲等离子体激励控制侧风条件下短舱流动分离实验研究

典型短舱进气道在侧风飞行条件下会发生流动分离,产生进气畸变,严重影响发动机性能。将等离子体流动控制技术用于短舱进气道侧风畸变控制,改善进气流场品质。采用纹影系统研究微秒脉冲介质阻挡放电(μs-DBD)等离子体激励器的激励特性,结果表明,任一脉冲周期的开始时刻激励流场产生半圆形冲击波,微秒脉冲通过对流场进行快速加热,能够产生冲击扰动效应,促进流动掺混。随后,采用总压探针对短舱进气道气动交界面处的总压损失情况进行测量,探究μs-DBD抑制侧风条件下短舱流动分离的规律。结果表明:μs-DBD激励能有效降低侧风条件下进气道分离流场的出口截面总压损失系数,缩小侧风分离区;流动控制效果随激励频率的增大而增强,当激励频率达到一定阈值后,流动分离得到完全控制;保持短舱进气道轴向与来流之间的夹角不变,在相同激励频率下,来流速度增大,流场分离程度减小,流动分离控制效果增强,分离流场得到完全控制所需的激励频率降低;探究不同激励器布局的控制效果,在相同来流参数和激励器参数下,展向布局激励效果优于流向布局激励。为进一步模拟真实发动机的影响,在短舱后部进行抽吸,短舱流通能力得到提升,流动分离减弱,但μs-DBD激励仍能对侧风流动分离进行有效控制,流动控制效果随激励频率的变化规律与无抽吸情况下相同。     

涡轮转子凹槽叶尖泄漏流动气动热力特征

为探索总结凹槽叶尖泄漏流动气动热力特征,利用实验和数值模拟方法,对叶尖凹槽内部旋涡相互作用机理和叶顶流动换热与泄漏流能量再分布等问题进行研究,并对凹槽叶尖参数化设计方法进行探讨。结果表明:搭建的考虑多因素实验台和可视化泄漏流动测量方案可以精确地捕捉到叶顶区域的流动结构;刮削涡在凹槽中起到"气动篦齿"作用,其形态特征的变化直接影响凹槽叶尖对泄漏流动的控制效果;高温泄漏流流体对叶片表面的冲击是叶尖热负荷提高的主要原因;合理选择叶尖气动参数和凹槽的几何参数可以有效控制刮削涡形态,最终提升叶尖气动热力性能。     

电弧放电等离子体激励控制超声速压气机叶栅激波/边界层干扰仿真研究

为研究电弧放电等离子体激励对超声速压气机叶栅激波/边界层干扰的控制作用,建立了模拟等离子体激励作用效果的唯象学模型,进一步以ARL-SL19超声速叶栅为对象,通过数值仿真研究了电弧放电等离子体与叶栅通道内部流动的相互作用及其对叶栅流动损失的影响。结果表明:等离子体唯象学模型能够较好模拟电弧放电等离子体诱导产生冲击波的气动特性。电弧放电等离子体激励对叶栅通道内部流动主要具有三种作用效果:在放电区,注入的热量会产生阻塞效应,增加近壁面气流的流动损失;在激波/边界层相互作用区,能够改变激波系结构,减小激波损失;在尾迹区,冲击波会诱导产生脱落涡。     

The Full Flowpath Analysis of a Hypersonic Vehicle

对一种类X43-A吸气式高超飞行器全流道开展了M7一级的三维数值仿真研究,深入探索了进气道处于起动状态和不起动状态时全流道的冷流流场结构和和气动力特性,且部分结果与实验数据进行了对比。研究结果表明:(1)前体横截面上存在显著的展向压强梯度,使得经过预压缩的气流偏离了进气道进口,但同时也减少了进入内通道的边界层气流,提高了进口流场的品质;(2)后体喷流股的膨胀过程受到了周围外流的显著干扰,因而沿流动方向其截面形状不断发生变化,如在喷口附近为近似矩形,而在后体末端附近则演化为近似三角形;(3)当进气道处于不起动状态时,其全流道流动结构发生了显著变化,进气道的外部压缩波系往复振荡,尾喷管出口的喷流股也在不停的膨胀和收缩,具有极强的非定常特征;(4)当进气道处于不起动状态时,全机的气动力特性呈周期性变化,升阻比的变化幅度较大,在最大、最小值分别可达起动状态的2倍和1/4倍。另外,升力、阻力系数的变化曲线之间存在一定的相位差;(5)与实验结果的对照表明,所采用的数值仿真方法具有较高的精度。     

Hydrodynamic instabilities and transverse waves in propagation mechanism of gaseous detonations

The present study examines the role of transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities mainly, Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) in detonation structure using two-dimensional high-resolution numerical simulations of Euler equations. To compare the numerical results with those of experiments, Navier–Stokes simulations are also performed by utilizing the effect of diffusion in highly irregular detonations. Results for both moderate and low activation energy mixtures reveal that upon collision of two triple points a pair of forward and backward facing jets is formed. As the jets spread, they undergo Richtmyer–Meshkov instability. The drastic growth of the forward jet found to have profound role in re-acceleration of the detonation wave at the end of a detonation cell cycle. For irregular detonations, the transverse waves found to have substantial role in propagation mechanism of such detonations. In regular detonations, the lead shock ignites all the gases passing through it, hence, the transverse waves and hydrodynamic instabilities do not play crucial role in propagation mechanism of such regular detonations. In comparison with previous numerical simulations present simulation using single-step kinetics shows a distinct keystone-shaped region at the end of the detonation cell.     

Heliopause stability revisited: dispersion analysis and numerical simulations

The heliopause, a surface separating the tenuous hot heliosheath flow and the dense, strongly magnetized interstellar flow, is subject to instabilities of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz types. The dynamic evolution of this discontinuity is of considerable importance for understanding the neutral atom and cosmic-ray filtration at the interface. Here, we investigate the stability of the upwind heliopause in the presence of charge exchange collisions using both an analytic (dispersion relation) approach and a numerical model that includes the interstellar magnetic field. The linear analysis yields a cubic dispersion relation that admits imaginary solutions for the full range of wavenumbers, implying that the stagnation point on the heliopause is unconditionally Rayleigh–Taylor unstable to small perturbations propagating parallel to the discontinuity surface. We confirm this result by following the nonlinear development of the instability with a time-dependent simulation using a four fluid MHD-neutral numerical code. For the typical solar wind and LISM conditions, we obtain cyclical evolution of the upwind heliopause with a period of the order of 100 years. We also identify two areas of space physics where the instability may have important implications.     

A mesh optimization method using machine learning technique and variational mesh adaptation

Computational mesh is an important ingredient that affects the accuracy and efficiency of CFD numerical simulation. In light of the introduced large amount of computational costs for many adaptive mesh methods, moving mesh methods keep the number of nodes and topology of a mesh unchanged and do not increase CFD computational expense. As the state-of-the-art moving mesh method, the variational mesh adaptation approach has been introduced to CFD calculation. However, quickly estimating the flow fi...     

固冲发动机三维内流场数值计算与应用

利用三维隐式有限体积ＴＶＤ格式求解Ｎ－Ｓ／Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程组,数值模拟固体燃料冲压发动机（ＳＦＲＪ）突扩燃烧室、补燃室和喷管的统一内流场,研究了从亚声速到跨声速到超声速的整个工作过程,揭示了ＳＦＲＪ内复杂的流场结构,并与试验进行对比研究,数值结果与试验吻合很好。     

CCD互相关粒子图像测速及其在对抗流流场测量中的应用

在常规自相关粒子图像测速（ＰＩＶ）系统的基础上,发展了一个采用ＣＣＤ像机的互相关粒子图像测速系统。用这一新系统测量了对抗流流场的结果表明,这一技术克服了自相关粒子图像测速技术在测量具有滞止点的流场中的困难。实验说明,与自相关粒子图像测速技术相比,这一技术更快捷有效。