动态测试与数据处理系统在飞行模拟试验中的应用

论述了通用飞行模拟器动态测试与数据处理系统的结构局及各组成部分包括的内容，并与国外同类系统作了比较。从工程飞行模拟应用与试验研究的角度论证了动态测试与数据处理系统在飞行模拟中的必要性，实用性及重要地位。     

过失速机动战斗机的控制

介绍了过失速机动战斗机飞行控制系统的结构及控制律的设计方法，并对控制中各回路增益的计算做了详细的描述，此外，还论述了推力矢量控制与气动操纵面的协调操纵等问题，通过分析与研究，总结出飞行控制律设计的几个关键问题，为从事推力矢量研究的科技人员科技了参考。     

计算缺口局部应力应变的能量法和低周疲劳寿命预测

局部应力应变法已成为预测结构零、部件疲劳寿命的有效方法。 在工程上,常常用近似的方法来计算应力应变。其中最常用的一种近似方法就是Neuber法,其优点是计算比较简单,但是,所得的局部应变往往偏大,用此应变预测疲劳寿命则偏于保守。因此,有人提出用疲劳缺口系数来代替Neuber法中的应力集中系数。     

亚大地区F2电离层预测方法和CCIR方法的比较

本文将“国际参考电离层”所采用的CCIR频率预测方法和亚大地区F_2电离层预测方法预测的f_0F_2和M(3000)F_2,分别与第21太阳活动周的我国实测数据进行了比较。结果表明,从总体上看,在中国区域内亚大地区F_2电离层预测方法优于CCIR方法。文章建议,在没有更好方法的情况下,未来的“中国参考电离层”可以采用亚大地区F_2电离层预测方法。     

Prediction of geosynchronous electron fluxes using an artificial neural network driven by solar wind parameters

There are hundreds of satellites operating at the geosynchronous (GEO) orbit where relativistic electrons can cause severe damage. Thus, predicting relativistic electron fluxes is significant for spacecraft safety. In this study, using GOES satellite data during 2011–2020, we propose two neural network models with two hidden layers to predict geosynchronous relativistic electron fluxes at two energy channels (>0.8 MeV and > 2 MeV). The number of input neurons of the two channels (>0.8 MeV and > 2 MeV) are determined to be 36 and 44, respectively. The > 0.8 MeV model has 22 and 9 neurons in the hidden layers, while the > 2 MeV model has 25 and 15 neurons in the hidden layers. The input parameters include the north–south component of the interplanetary magnetic field, solar wind speed, solar wind dynamic pressure and solar wind proton density. Through the analysis of different time delays, we determine that the optimal time delays of two energy channels (>0.8 MeV and > 2 MeV) are 8 days and 10 days, respectively. The training set and validation set (Jan 2011-Dec 2018) are divided by the 10-fold cross-validation method, and the remaining data (Jan 2019-Feb 2020) is used to analyze the model performance as a test set. The prediction results of both energy channels show good agreement with satellite observations indicated by low RMSE (～0.3 cm^-2sr^-1s^?1), high PE (～0.8) and CC (～0.9). These results suggest that only using solar wind parameters is capable of obtaining reasonable predictions of geosynchronous relativistic electron fluxes.     

直升机贴地飞行时人—机响应特性研究

本文分析和研究了驾驶员工作负荷、操纵功效和阻尼等对贴地飞行时直升机飞行品质的影响,导出了简化的驾驶员增益和驾驶员评定等级的工程计算公式,并与飞行试验数据进行了比较.结果表明,本文的方法可用于各种直升机的飞行试验和设计估算.     

剪切翼梢对滚转性能的影响

以某型双发低速飞机为例，对剪切翼梢装置对飞机滚转性能的影响进行了理论研究和分析。结果表明，在相同结构参数和飞行状态下，采用剪切翼梢，将使飞机的滚转性能有所降低。所得结果对飞机设计、特别是飞机改型设计有一定实用价值。     

凹型粗糙元对边界层稳定性的影响

为了能够利用eN方法对带有凹型粗糙元的平板边界层进行转捩预测.通过数值模拟和流动稳定性的方法研究了马赫数为4.5的超声速边界层中凹型粗糙元对扰动演化的影响.对两种尺度的凹型粗糙元下扰动沿流向的幅值和增长率分布进行了计算.结果表明:凹型粗糙元对基本流的影响只是局限在凹型粗糙元及其附近很小的范围内.凹型粗糙元对扰动幅值的演化有抑制作用,尺度越大抑制作用越明显.在凹型粗糙元的后面,凹型粗糙元对扰动幅值的增长率的影响很小,相对变化量在2%以内.验证了对壁面有凹型粗糙元的情况,可以通过流动稳定性分析加N值修正的方法进行转捩预测.      

7B04-T6铝合金腐蚀疲劳交替寿命预测模型

利用7B04-T6铝合金进行了预腐蚀试验和"腐蚀+疲劳+腐蚀+疲劳+……"交替模式作用下的腐蚀疲劳交替试验.试验结果表明:在腐蚀疲劳交替作用下,试验件寿命比相同腐蚀时间作用下的预腐蚀试验件寿命长.利用试验结果建立了基于损伤力学和非线性损伤累积理论的腐蚀疲劳交替寿命预测模型.提出了利用损伤指数描述腐蚀损伤和疲劳损伤在交替过程中的耦合关系,并分析了损伤指数变化对模型迟滞因子和模型预测精度的影响.通过模型分析,在腐蚀疲劳交替过程中,疲劳加载次数对寿命的影响大于腐蚀时间的影响,并且随着加载次数增加试验件的寿命也增加.      

A practical filter error method for aerodynamic parameter estimation of aircraft in turbulence

It is common for aircraft to encounter atmospheric turbulence in flight tests. Turbulence is usually modeled as stochastic process noise in the flight dynamics equations. In this paper, parameter estimation of nonlinear dynamic system with both process and measurement noise was studied, and a practical filter error method was proposed. The linearized Kalman filter of first-order approximation was used for state estimation, in which the filter gain, along with the system parameters and the initial states, constituted the parameter vector to be estimated. The unknown parameters and measurement noise covariance were estimated alternately by a relaxation iteration method, and the sensitivities of observations to unknown parameters were calculated by finite difference approximation. Some practical aspects of the method application were discussed. The proposed filter error method was validated by the flight simulation data of a research aircraft. Then, the method was applied to the flight tests of a subscale aircraft, and the aerodynamic stability and control derivatives were estimated. All the estimation results were compared with the results of the output error method to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. It is shown that the filter error method is superior to the output error method for flight tests in atmospheric turbulence.