直升机无轴承尾桨柔性梁标定与解耦

本文介绍了一种直升机无轴承尾桨柔性梁标定与解耦技术,该技术能有效地解决无轴承尾桨柔性梁在试验中挥舞弯矩与摆振弯矩的耦合问题,并能有效分离截面上各分项试验载荷,减少其试验误差。     

Nonlinear flutter wind tunnel test and numerical analysis of folding fins with freeplay nonlinearities

The flutter characteristics of folding control fins with freeplay are investigated by numerical simulation and flutter wind tunnel tests. Based on the characteristics of the structures, fins with different freeplay angles are designed. For a 0° angle of attack, wind tunnel tests of these fins are conducted, and vibration is observed by accelerometers and a high-speed camera. By the expansion of the connected relationships, the governing equations of fit for the nonlinear aeroelastic analysis are established by the free-interface component mode synthesis method. Based on the results of the wind tunnel tests, the flutter characteristics of fins with different freeplay angles are analyzed. The results show that the vibration divergent speed is increased, and the divergent speed is higher than the flutter speed of the nominal linear system. The vibration divergent speed is increased along with an increase in the freeplay angle. The developed free-interface component mode synthesis method could be used to establish governing equations and to analyze the characteristics of nonlinear aeroelastic systems. The results of the numerical simulations and the wind tunnel tests indicate the same trends and critical velocities.     

基于双X驱动机构的智能旋翼模型试验

直升机的减振降噪是直升机发展史中一直面临的一个重要课题。本文主要开展了基于推挽式双X型驱动机构的主动后缘小翼型智能旋翼模型的初步设计分析与试验研究。对智能桨叶及驱动机构进行了设计分析和加工,对驱动机构进行了优化,进行了不旋转状态下的试验,验证了该方案的可行性。     

基于飞行测量的弹性轴承试验载荷谱修正和寿命评估方法

球柔性旋翼系统在我国自主设计的直升机上获得了广泛的应用，弹性轴承在其中承担着重要角色，它提供了旋翼旋转过程中桨叶的挥舞、摆振和扭转运动，传递了旋转产生的离心力、挥舞方向的升力和摆振方向扭矩产生的切向力。文章讨论了不同设计阶段弹性轴承载荷谱的获得，基于飞行载荷测量的弹性轴承载荷谱修正，不同载荷谱对弹性轴承损伤影响的等效分析方法和弹性轴承寿命评估。     

旋翼塔大型分布式测控系统的顶层设计

本文介绍了旋翼塔大型分布式测控系统的基本原理、结构框图、功能模块的划分以及研制要求等。并对试验软硬件开发流程、顶层设计的目的和内容进行了探讨。     

阻尼器叶间布置的旋翼动态摆振角分析

阻尼器的主要作用是提供摆振方向的约束刚度和约束阻尼,然而,叶间布置的阻尼器在集合型整体振动不提供摆振刚度和阻尼,这样,桨毂支臂的摆振角度会大一些。为了避免桨毂支臀碰撞桨毂中央件,需要对旋翼桨叶摆振角度进行详细的计算,并进行合理的设计。但是,旋翼摆振角受直升机飞行状态、过载系数、重心位置等因素的影响,属于多约束条件的动态非线性问题,本文介绍了一种通过数值仿真计算直升机旋翼摆振角的工程设计方法和思路。     

Experimental investigation of influence of strake wings on self-induced roll motion at high angles of attack

The modern high performance air vehicles are required to have extreme maneuverability,which includes the ability of controlled maneuvers at high angle of attack. However, the nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic phenomena, such as flow separation, vortices interaction, and vortices breaking down, will occur during the flight at high angle of attack, which could induce the uncommanded motions for the air vehicles. For the high maneuverable and agile air missile, the nonlinear roll motions would occur at the high angle of attack. The present work is focused on the selfinduced nonlinear roll motion for a missile configuration and discusses the influence of the strake wings on the roll motion according to the results from free-to-roll test and PIV measurement using the models assembled with different strake wings at a = 60°. The free-to-roll results show that the model with whole strake wings(baseline), the model assembled with three strake wings(Case A)and the model assembled with two opposite strake wings(Case C) experience the spinning, while the model assembled with two adjacent strake wings(Case B), the model assembled with one strake wing(Case D) and the model with no strake wing(Case E) trim or slightly vibrate at a certain "×"rolling angle, which mean that the rolling stability can be improved by dismantling certain strake wings. The flow field results from PIV measurement show that the leeward asymmetric vortices are induced by the windward strake wings. The vortices would interact the strake wings and induce crossflow on the downstream fins to degrade the rolling stability of the model. This could be the main reason for the self-induced roll motion of the model at a = 60°.     

直升机液弹阻尼器填充材料粘性特性分析

液弹阻尼器是现代直升机旋翼系统的关键部件,由于其突出的性能优势代表了阻尼器的发展方向。本文基于液弹阻尼器的工作原理,通过液弹阻尼器填充液的分析选择,进行液弹阻尼器填充材料特性研究。建立正确分析液弹阻尼器设计分析模型,充分考虑粘温性能、粘压性能的综合影响,揭示影响液弹阻尼器力学性能的参数敏感性,为新型液弹阻尼器的结构设计与计算综合分析提供支持。     

平面形状对MAV气动特性的影响

通过风洞测力实验研究了平面形状(后掠角)对展长/根弦长之比为1.0的机翼的气动特性的影响,实验结果表明,模型后掠角在很大程度上影响小展弦比机翼的气动特性,当模型后掠角Λ≤35°时,能增大模型的最大升力系数和失速迎角,推迟失速;当模型后掠角Λ=56°~64°时,能得到较好的升力曲线,改善机翼的失速特性。此外,实验结果表明模型前缘背风面倒角与迎风面倒角相比,有效地提高了模型的最大升阻比和失速后的升力系数。     

防空导弹翼面弹性支承边界参数识别

利用系统可测自由度上获得的不完全模态来识别尾翼的边界支承参数。直接由特征方程出发求解边界的未知位移和内力，借此计算边界动刚度，同时对带有一定误差的已知试验模态进行叠代修正，然后通过最小二乘法求解边界的支承刚度和附加质量。本文方法简捷。精度和效率都较高。在防空导弹及其他相关领域都有一定的应用价值。