蒸发效应与热毛细对流耦合现象的实验研究

实验研究了矩形液池中蒸发薄液居中蒸发效应与热毛细对流的耦合机理. 对于单纯的热毛细对流稳定性从实验和理论上已有深入研究,但目前国际上对带有菇发界面的热毛细对流问题尚缺乏研究. 特别是近来的研究发现,气液界面的蒸发对热毛细对流稳定性有很大的影响. 本实验以温度为主要控制参数,测量了不同工况下蒸发界面不同点的蒸发速率和表层温度,并利用 PIV 方法分析得到了液体内的嘛场分布. 实验结果发现,随着沿界面的温差增加,蒸发液体内的流型从稳定的单涡胞结构变为稳定的多祸胞结构,并最终演变为紊流结构. 综合分析以上测量结果并与理论分析结果进行了比较。     

Experimental investigation of expansion effect on shock wave boundary layer interaction near a compression ramp

The experiment is conducted to investigate the effect of expansion on the shock wave boundary layer interaction near a compression ramp. The small-angle expansion with an angle degree of 5° occurs at different positions in front of the compression ramp. The particle image velocimetry and flow visualization technology show the flow structures, velocity field, and velocity fluctuation near the compression ramp. The mean pressure distribution, pressure fluctuation, and power spectral density are me...     

Effect of pitch angle on initial stage of a transport airplane ditching

Airworthiness regulations require that the transport airplane should be proved to ensure the survivability of the ditching for the passengers. The planned ditching of a transport airplane on the calm water is numerically simulated. The effect of pitch angle on the impact characteristics is especially investigated by a subscaled model. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of unsteady compressible flow are solved and the realizable j-e equations are employed to model the turbulence. The transformation of the air-water interface is tracked by volume of fluid (VOF) model. The motion of the rigid body is modeled by dynamic mesh method. The initial ditching stage of the transport airplane is analyzed in detail. The numerical results show that as the pitching angle increases, the maximal normal force decreases and the pitching motion becomes much gentler. The aft fuselage would be sucked down by the water and lead to pitching up, whereas the low horizontal tail prevents this trend. Consequently, the transport aircraft with low horizontal tail should ditch on the water at an angle between 10 and 12 as a recommendation.     

表面张力贮箱匹配特性研究

本文研究两个以上表面张力贮箱在并联使用中存在的问题，发现加注和挤出过程均存在不可忽视的偏差；将贮箱液阻特性作为产生偏差的根本原因，进行了较深入的探讨；并给出大幅度降低这些偏差的有效方法。     

叶轮机非定常气动设计的缘线匹配(Ⅰ)理论与实施方法

针对缘线匹配展开理论与实施方法探讨，分析了缘线匹配潜在效益，并给出缘线匹配的两种实施方法：基于非定常流动束缚于拟流回转面假设的基元流动展向积分方法和全优化方法。分析指出：缘线匹配具有通过沿展高调协叶轮机相邻叶排非定常流动相位关系实现气动、气弹、气动噪声和热传导性能全方位、多目标优化潜力，为叶轮机非定常设计提供了新的设计自由度。     

Numerical simulations of high enthalpy flows around entry bodies

Ablation flows around entry bodies are at highly nonequilibrium states. This paper presents comprehensive computational fluid dynamics simulations of such hypersonic flow examples.The computational scheme adopted in this study is based on the Navier–Stokes equations, and it is capable of simulating multiple-dimensional, non-equilibrium, chemically reacting gas flows with multiple species. Finite rate chemical reactions, multiple temperature relaxation processes, and ionizations phenomena with electrons are modeled. Simulation results of several hypersonic gas flows over axisymmetric bodies are presented and compared with results in the literature. It confirms that some past treatment of adopting less species for hypersonic flows is acceptable, and the differences from more species and more chemical reactions are not significant.     

机器学习技术在气动优化中的应用

近年来优化设计在气动设计中发挥了越来越多的作用,但实用性和效率是制约其发挥作用的两大障碍。在大型客机超临界机翼设计中,通过"人在回路"（依靠人的经验在优化进行过程中实施必要干预）等努力,取得了较好的效果,机器学习技术逐步得到发展。提出了利用机器学习技术模拟人在优化过程中的合理行为和作用机制,以深层次利用信息和知识,改善优化的实用性和效率。梳理了机器学习技术在气动优化中应用的发展脉络,并结合工作实践介绍了机器学习在优化设计中的典型应用。进一步探讨了深度学习在气动优化中的可能应用方式。     

叶轮机非定常气动设计的缘线匹配(Ⅱ)数值研究

缘线匹配通过考虑多叶排叶轮机相邻叶排间前排叶片尾缘线与后排叶片前缘线空间相对位置匹配关系来进一步提升叶轮机性能，有潜力使叶轮机非定常设计走向工程实际。以一单级跨声轴流压气机和一单级轴流透平为例，尝试用基元流动展向积分方法和全优化方法改善其性能，从而示例应用缘线匹配的具体方法及前景。结果表明，缘线匹配为叶轮机非定常设计提供了可操作的自由度。     

叶轮机非定常气动设计的缘线匹配(I)理论与实施方法

针对缘线匹配展开理论与实施方法探讨,分析了缘线匹配潜在效益,并给出缘线匹配的两种实施方法:基于非定常流动束缚于拟流回转面假设的基元流动展向积分方法和全优化方法。分析指出:缘线匹配具有通过沿展高调协叶轮机相邻叶排非定常流动相位关系实现气动、气弹、气动噪声和热传导性能全方位、多目标优化潜力,为叶轮机非定常设计提供了新的设计自由度。     

激光-GMAW复合热源焊接熔池-小孔行为分析

掌握和深入理解激光-GMAW复合热源焊接过程中的熔池与小孔行为,是实现复合热源焊接工艺参数优化并将其应用于实际工程的前提.综合考虑激光和电弧的热-力作用以及熔滴过渡带入熔池的质量、热量和动量,建立了激光-GMAW复合热源焊接过程的数值分析模型.定量分析了复合热源焊接过程中熔池流体流动与传热过程以及小孔的动态行为.数值分析结果表明,小孔壁面上各种力相互作用和影响,在小孔前/后壁上会周期性地出现微小凸台,小孔孔道处于短暂瞬间闭合与重新张开的瞬时演变状态.熔滴冲击造成的熔池凹陷与小孔周期性合并与分离,加剧了小孔的不稳定性.熔池内形成两个方向相反的涡流,并在电弧下方附近发生交汇.