ZrB2 及其复合陶瓷的高温抗氧化性能

综述了ZrB_2及其复合陶瓷的高温氧化行为,认为ZrB_2陶瓷是一种优异的高温结构材料,其氧化失效是由于氧化产物B_2O_3保护层挥发失效而导致的;二元陶瓷ZrB_2-SiC由于SiC的加入,高温抗氧化性能大大提高,并对其在不同温度下的氧化物结构进行了阐述。在此基础上提出了进一步提高ZrB_2-SiC陶瓷抗氧化性能和服役温度的方法,并以添加TaC和LaB_6形成三元复相陶瓷为例进行了说明。     

Prediction of shock-layer ultraviolet radiation for hypersonic vehicles in near space

A systemic and validated model was developed to predict ultraviolet spectra features from the shock layer of near-space hypersonic vehicles in the ‘‘solar blind" band region. Computational procedures were performed with 7-species thermal non-equilibrium fluid mechanics, finite rate chemistry, and radiation calculations. The thermal non-equilibrium flow field was calculated with a two-temperature model by the finite volume technique and verified against the bow-shock ultra-violet(BSUV) flight experiments. The absorption coefficient of the mixture gases was evaluated with a line-by-line method and validated through laboratory shock tube measurements. Using the line of sight(LOS) method, radiation was calculated from three BSUV flights at altitudes of 38,53.5 and 71 km. The investigation focused on the level and structure of ultraviolet spectra radiated from a NO band system in wavelengths of 200–400 nm. Results predicted by the current model show qualitative spatial agreement with the measured data. At a velocity of 3.5 km/s(about Mach11), the peak absolute intensity at an altitude of 38 km is two orders of magnitude higher than that at 53.5 km. Under the same flight conditions, the spectra structures have quite a similar distribution at different viewing angles. The present computational model performs well in the prediction of the ultraviolet spectra emitted from the shock layer and will contribute to the investigation and analysis of radiative features of hypersonic vehicles in near space.     

G-16EP通用航空电瓶充放电及寿命研究

为了对G-16EP型电瓶进行维护和保养,根据电瓶厂家规定和适航规范,总结了该型电瓶的充电和容量测试（放电）方法,指出了影响电瓶寿命的主要因素,为该型号电瓶的维护提供了参考。     

一种修正的Osher通量在高阶WCNS中的特性

将一种基于多维修正的Osher通量运用于高阶加权紧致非线性格式(WCNS)中,该修正通量主要在垂直于激波面的界面上增加耗散,能够改善Osher通量的激波捕捉稳定性,同时对边界层和接触间断的分辨率影响非常小。对修正的Osher通量在高阶WCNS中的特性进行研究,通过数值模拟测试了基于Osher通量的WCNS的激波稳定性、热流预测精度、边界层模拟能力、激波边界层干扰模拟能力,并与Steger-Warming通量和Roe通量进行了对比。结果表明修正后的Osher通量比Harten修正的Roe通量具有更好的激波捕捉鲁棒性,而边界层、驻点热流值和激波边界层干扰的模拟则明显优于Steger-Warming通量。上述结果说明了基于修正的Osher通量的高阶WCNS具有较好的激波捕捉特性、热流预测精度和边界层计算能力。     

高导电硅橡胶材料的性能

首先通过平行对比了三种填充不同导电填料的硅橡胶材料的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、恒定压缩永久形变、导电性及屏蔽性能,优选出镀银铝粉作导电填料;考察了镀银铝粉用量对硅橡胶材料的拉伸强度、伸长率、压变、微观形貌、导电性能的影响,最终确定镀银铝粉的填充体积分数为55%;结合导电橡胶制品对使用寿命的需求,进一步深入研究了导电硅橡胶材料在自然平贮老化及高温加速老化下的导电性能。结果表明:随老化时间的延长,体积电阻率不断增大,导电性能减弱。自然平贮老化60 d后,材料的体积电阻率基本不变;900d后,体积电阻率由初始值4.6×10-3Ω·cm增大至7.5×10-2Ω·cm。150℃老化30 d后,体积电阻率由初始值增大至9.5×10-2Ω·cm。填充镀银铝粉的导电硅橡胶材料在两种条件下老化后均能保持高的导电性;高温加速老化对导电性能的影响大于自然平贮老化。     

隔离段对二维混压式进气道出口参数的影响

利用Fluent仿真软件,对二维混压式高超音速前体/进气道在设计状态和非设计状态下的性能和流场进行了计算。分析表明,进气道在设计状态下的性能得到了明显的提高。同时,有无隔离段以及隔离段长度对进气道出口参数的影响,文中进行了初步的分析,结果表明:有无隔离段以及隔离段长度对进气道出口总温没有太大的影响;隔离段较短时,进气道出口总压比无隔离段小,但当隔离段长度增大到一定值后,进气道出口总压比无隔离段大;隔离段较短时,进气道出口马赫数比无隔离段大,但当隔离段长度增大到一定值后,进气道出口马赫数比无隔离段小。     

导弹燃气流瞬态温度测量系统设计

介绍了采用蓝宝石黑体腔光纤作为传感器的导弹燃气流瞬态温度测量系统的测量原理、系统组成,阐述了其硬件功能模块设计,给出了软件设计算法及蓝宝石黑体腔光纤高温计的标定方法。     

Mechanical behavior and properties of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites for high temperature use

Ceramics can keep their mechanical characteristics up to 2 000℃ or higher.In this paper,A model to predict ultimate strength of continuous fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites is developed.A statistical theory for the strength of a uni-axially fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite is presented.Also a semi-empirical frictional heating method for estimating in-situ interfacial shear in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites was improved.Local uneven fiber packing variation as well as uneven micro-damage during fatigue can be expected to have effects on the composites:generation of frictional heating,thermal gradients,and residual stresses around local fiber breaks.This study examined those engineering interests by the finite element method.      

温度边界层对壁湍流多尺度相干结构的影响

用热线风速仪以高于对应最小湍流时间尺度的分辨率精细测量了风洞中壁面加热平板湍流边界层不同法向位置流向速度分量的时间序列信号, 与常温情况相比, 热对流加速了壁湍流中流体的动量、质量和能量的交换, 加快了湍流边界层的发展;用子波分析方法研究了壁面加热对壁湍流多尺度相干结构喷射和扫掠条件相位平均波形的影响, 显示热对流明显增大了缓冲层相干结构扫掠过程和喷射过程的强度, 是增强壁湍流中流体的动量、质量和能量交换的根本原因.      

航空发动机涡轮前温度场数据分析方法

在航空发动机整机测试条件下,温度场测试具有局限性。介绍了1种发动机涡轮前温度场测试数据的统计分析方法,该统计方法较为有效;引入模糊原理,对统计量进行了概率分析,使得统计量评估更加完善。