航天器再入大气层热力分析

以OREX（orbital reentry experiment vehicle）的飞行试验数据和相关的CFD数值模拟结果为基础,采用传热理论及相关公式,分析计算了OREX再入大气层过程中的轨迹,驻点处热流密度非平衡假设和平衡假设下的换热问题.所计算的轨迹、热流密度非平衡假设下计算的驻点温度和热流密度值同试验数据及相关的CFD数值结果取得了很好的一致,相应的计算方法可作为航天器驻点热力分析的通式.然而在平衡假设条件下,尽管计算所得到的驻点热流密度与之前的CFD数值结果差别不大,但这种情况下计算得到的温度与试验数据不符,这应归结于计算的热流密度结果对驻点处温度变化的不敏感.比较非平衡假设和平衡假设下的换热计算结果表明,对于航天器再入过程中的热力探讨不能仅仅满足于热流密度分析,对温度的考察或许更重要.      

航空发动机用钛合金BT20组织分析及相变点的测定

为了实现航空发动机上外调节片等重要零件的再制造,对其所用材料BT20钛合金进行组织分析,采用计算法和连续升温金相法研究了BT20钛合金的相变点,为航空发动机零部件的再制造修理提供参考。     

行波管放大器非线性特性对调幅信号边带压缩影响

为了更精确地测试星上功率放大器的饱和点,研究分析了TWTA(Travelling-Wave Tube Amplifier,行波管放大器)的非线性特性对AM(Amplitude Modulation,调幅)信号的边带压缩影响。文中基于Saleh模型描述TWTA,分析其在AM信号放大过程中的非线性特性,研究表明:随着输入AM信号的功率不断增大,放大后的输出信号畸变越来越严重;该变化主要体现在AM信号的边带上,与线性工作区相比,在TWTA的饱和点处,经放大后的AM信号的边带压缩程度达到最大。实验结果与理论分析结果完全一致。该研究为通信卫星星上功放饱和点测试提供了一种可行方法。     

基于随机测量点的机翼精加工位姿计算方法

在机翼精加工过程中,需要对机翼的位姿进行计算,以指导其调整。通过对翼面水平测量原理的分析,提出一种基于随机测量点的机翼精加工位姿计算方法。首先,以翼面水平测量数据为基础,采用以最小二乘法为目标函数的迭代最近点算法,求解出测量点在翼面设计模型上的匹配点,形成位姿计算所需的2个点集。然后,运用Levenberg-Marquardt算法计算出这2个点集间的变换关系,实现位姿参数的求解。最后,为减少测量点误差对位姿计算的影响,给出了测量点精度补偿方法。仿真算例表明,该方法具有较高的计算精度,能够满足实际工程需求。     

Chebyshev谱方法在声散射数值计算中的应用

基于声学边界元基本理论,并结合Chebyshev谱方法进行了声散射数值计算研究.采用2阶边界单元,谱点离散选用不包含边界的CG(Chebyshev-Gauss)配点法,克服了传统边界元在表面单元节点处出现的法向及法向导数不连续的现象;应用CHIEF(Combined Helmholtz Integral Equation Fomulation)方法进行了数值非唯一性处理,提高了计算的精度.与传统边界元方法进行了精度和效率的对比分析,证明该方法具有计算快速、精度高的特点.     

企事业单位最高计量标准考核(复查)评审要点

根据国防科工委《计量标准考核评审表》的条款要求，结合参与对企事业单位最高计量标准考核(复查)的经验，提出了国防科技工业企事业单位最高计量标准考核(复查)的评审要点。     

蒸馏酒类危险品航空运输技术指标初探

利用实验室配制的不同浓度的酒精溶液及市场上销售的不同度数的酒精饮料,进行了闪点测试。通过对实验结果的分析,得出了蒸馏酒类产品闪点T与酒精度数s之间的函数关系。根据该关系式以及“DangerousGoodsRegulations”,可以得知当酒精度数超过52.5°时,按照Ⅱ级危险物品包装运输,当酒精度数在9.1°～52.5°之间时,按照Ⅲ级危险物品包装运输,而当酒精度数低于9.1°时,该产品按照普通货物运输。     

气源供气保障技术探讨

对固定气源站加热装置在使用过程中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了具体的改进方案。     

Predicting atmospheric delays for rapid ambiguity resolution in precise point positioning

Integer ambiguity resolution in precise point positioning (PPP) can shorten the initialization and re-initialization time, and ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions are also more reliable and accurate than ambiguity-float PPP solutions. However, signal interruptions are unavoidable in practical applications, particularly while operating in urban areas. Such signal interruptions can cause discontinuity of carrier phase arc, which introduces new integer ambiguities. Usually it will take approximately 15 min of continuous tracking to a reasonable number of satellites to fix new integer ambiguities. In many applications, it is impractical for a PPP user to wait for such a long time for the re-initialization. In this paper, a method for rapid ambiguity fixing in PPP is developed to avoid such a long re-initialization time. Firstly, the atmospheric delays were estimated epoch by epoch from ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions before the data gap or cycle slip occurs. A random walk procedure is then applied to predict the atmospheric delays accurately over a short time span. The predicted atmospheric delays then can be used to correct the observations which suffer from signal interruptions. Finally, the new ambiguities can be fixed with a distinct WL-LX-L3 (here LX denotes either of L1, L2) cascade ambiguity resolution strategy. Comprehensive experiments have demonstrated that the proposed method and strategy can fix zero-difference integer ambiguities successfully with only a single-epoch observation immediately after a short data gap. This technique works even when all satellites are interrupted at the same time. The duration of data gap bridged by this technique could be possibly extended if a more precise atmospheric delay prediction is found or on-the-fly (OTF) technology is applied. Based on the proposed method, real-time PPP with integer ambiguity fixing becomes more feasible in practice.     

GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.