不同偏角多斜孔壁气膜冷却绝热温比研究

用传热传质类比实验的方法,研究了不同偏角多斜孔壁气膜冷却绝热温比,多斜孔壁由多斜孔实验板模拟。多斜孔实验板中,孔排列方式均为叉排,小孔与板表面夹角均为３０°,偏角从０°变化至５０°,孔排距比与孔间距比基本相等。研究结果揭示了不同孔偏角对多斜孔壁气膜冷却绝热温比的影响。     

Recent advances in film cooling enhancement: A review

Film cooling is an indispensable scheme in the design of highly-efficient cooling configurations to satisfy the thermal protection requirement of turbine hot section components. During the last few decades, vast efforts have been paid on the discrete-hole film cooling enhancement. In this paper, some of the recent literatures related to the passive strategies (such as shaped film cooling holes, upstream ramps, shallow trenches, mesh-fed slots) and the active strategies (such as the use of pulsation modulating device or plasma actuator) for film cooling enhancement are surveyed, with the aim at presenting an updated overview about the state of the art in advanced film cooling. In addition, some challenging issues are also outlined to motivate further investigations in such a broad topic.     

影像增强器DR/CT系统像场畸变快速校正

以XRS-152/153影像增强器DR/CT成像系统为研究对象,在分析其输出像场畸变特性的基础上,从校正精度和校正实时性要求出发,采用空间坐标多项式变换方法进行畸变校正.同时,为了解决畸变校正算法计算量大、运算速度慢的问题,利用可编程图形处理单元(GPU, Graphic Processing Unit)并行计算和高速浮点计算特性,将图像映射为GPU中的纹理,采用多线程并行计算,使得校正算法在GPU中加速执行.实验结果表明,本方法能有效实现畸变图像的校正,GPU加速方法可以在不损失图像信息的前提下,实现实时校正.     

利用上游斜坡改善气膜冷却效率的数值研究

为了获得气膜孔上游放置斜坡对气膜冷却效率的影响规律,采用数值模拟方法研究了斜坡的台阶高度分别为0.3D,0.5D,0.75D,1.0D和1.5D时不同吹风比下的流动过程和冷却效率分布情况,并与常规气膜孔冷却结构形式进行对比,以揭示斜坡对气膜冷却效率改善作用的影响机理。研究表明,在气膜孔上游设置斜坡,延缓了主流通过反向涡对对冷却气流的掺混作用,反向涡对强度减弱,冷却气流出流后的贴壁效果更好,提高了气膜冷却效率,随着吹风比的增加,斜坡高度较高时无论是在气膜孔中心线处还是在两气膜孔之间区域的冷却效率值都得到大幅度的提高。     

气膜孔倾角角度对单晶高温合金疲劳性能的影响(“两机”专刊)

为了研究气膜孔倾角角度对单晶高温合金疲劳性能的影响,设计倾角30°,45°,90°的14孔平板试样进行了同等应力水平下的高温疲劳试验,并对断裂后失效试件进行断口分析。基于晶体塑性理论,对不同倾角气膜孔平板件进行数值计算,分析孔边局部应力及损伤演化。结果表明,气膜孔倾角角度对疲劳性能影响显著,疲劳寿命90°>30°>45°,且45°倾角气膜孔孔边裂纹数明显多于其他两种。数值模拟显示,90°孔每个循环累积的应变相对较小,30°斜孔次之,45°斜孔最大,且 45°斜孔和 30°斜孔的棘轮应变累积速率明显高于直孔,30°斜孔的损伤和直孔的损伤较为接近,45°斜孔的损伤最大,数值分析与实验结果相一致。     

涡轮导叶W型孔全气膜冷却效率实验研究

为了研究涡轮导叶W型孔全气膜冷却效率的分布规律,使用热色液晶测量了在流量比为5.5%、8.4%和12.5%,主流湍流度为1%、9%和15%下W型孔全气膜涡轮导叶的气膜冷却效率,并与相同工况下的圆柱型孔全气膜叶片的冷却效率结果进行了对比。结果表明：在低湍流度下,流量比变化对W型孔叶片不同区域冷却效率的影响规律不同;而在高湍流度下,流量比增大使W型孔叶片的冷却效率整体升高;在本文研究的所有流量比下,W型孔叶片的冷却效率均随着湍流度的升高而降低;与圆柱型孔叶片相比,在中低湍流度下,W型孔的冷气壁面贴附性和展向覆盖效果更好,W型孔叶片的冷却效率具有明显优势,然而在高湍流度下由于W型孔的冷气速度低且分布分散,易在高湍流度影响下耗散,W型孔叶片的冷却效率优势较小,甚至在高湍流度大流量比下,圆柱型孔叶片的面平均冷却效率比W型孔叶片高15%左右。     

Experimental study on film cooling performance of imperfect holes

An experimental study is made to investigate the film cooling performance of imperfect holes due to in-hole blockage over a flat plate. A specifically pyramid-shaped element is used to simulate the in-hole blockage. Six in-hole blockage orientations (such as leading-inlet, leading-middle, leading-exit, trailing-inlet, trailing-middle and trailing-exit) and four blocking ratios (ranging from 0.1 to 0.4) are taken into considerations. Based on the experimental results, the influences of in-hole blockage on the film cooling effectiveness and discharge coefficient under typical blowing ratios are analyzed. It is confirmed that the in-hole blockage results in a reduction of discharge coefficient related to the perfect film cooling holes, especially for the leading-exit and trailing-inlet orientations with a big blocking ratio. However, in the view of film cooling effectiveness, the in-hole blockage shows complicated affecting roles. In general, except for the leading-exit orientation, the in-hole blockages produce detrimental influence on the film cooling effectiveness.     

旋转条件下带出流孔的受限空间内冲击换热

以旋转涡轮叶片内部冷却为背景,在旋转条件下对带出流孔的受限空间内冲击换热特性进行了实验研究。在冲击与旋转方向、相反两种情况下,通过改变冲击雷诺数Rej(5 000~10 000)、旋转数Ro(0~0.003 4)、无因次温比(Tw-Tf)/Tw(0.056~0.134)对冲击靶面的平均换热特性进行了研究。研究发现,靶面的换热随冲击雷诺数的增加而变好;旋转对冲击换热的削弱在雷诺数较大时表现更明显;实验参数范围内浮升力对换热的影响较小;离心力、哥氏力等对换热的影响程度与内部空气的流动结构及出流方式有关。     

Film cooling performance and flow structure of single-hole and double-holes with swirling jet

This paper presents the results of a numerical study of the effects of swirling flow in coolant jets on film cooling performance. Some combined-hole designs with swirling coolant flow entering the delivery hole are proposed and analyzed. Adiabatic film cooling effectiveness values for cases with various blowing ratios are compared. Detailed flow structures and underlying mechanisms are discussed. The results show that film cooling effectiveness is improved with jet swirl at high blowing ratios, ...     

涡轮叶片综合冷却效率实验研究

为了研究气冷涡轮叶片综合冷却效率及其影响因素,采用红外热像仪对叶片表面温度场进行了测量,同时在叶片中截面布置了15支热电偶用于校准红外热像仪的测量结果,获得了叶片表面温度场分布以及流量比、温比和落压比对叶片综合冷却效率的影响规律.实验结果表明:叶片温度场分布受内部冷却和外表面换热共同影响,叶片前缘与叶尖处于较高温度状态...