激光陀螺实时抖动解调方法研究

为了实现激光陀螺实时抖动解调,与陀螺输出信号同步采样抖动反馈信号,并设计算法将两个信号的抖动分量相位和幅度对准,然后执行抖动剥除运算。这种实时解调算法不仅计算量小,而且没有附加相位延迟。     

Numerical modeling and optimization of bundled fiber optic FTIR probes for spectroscopy of small targets

Fiber optic probes coupled to a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer allow sample analysis without the need to place the sample directly into the instrument. This is particularly attractive for spacecraft lander/rover applications where the additional mechanics, mass and cost associated with excavating and placing a small sample in a sample bay is not desirable. This paper uses numerical modeling to analyze fiber bundle array configurations and fiber numerical apertures to determine their light gathering efficiency and sample size as a function of probe-to-sample distance. The model was validated against experimental measurements for a selection of off the shelf fiber optic probes. The collection efficiency of a probe can be optimized by using a hexagonal packing method, and by using fibers with high numerical apertures. By increasing the numerical aperture of the fibers used in our model probes from 0.2 to 0.5, we were able to increase the collection efficiency of a seven fiber probe from 4.5% to 9.5%, with the peak collection efficiency corresponding to a spot size of diameter 3 mm.     

稳定平台中陀螺漂移自适应实时估计算法

 针对陀螺稳定平台的漂移问题,建立了陀螺稳定跟踪装置在不同工作模式下陀螺漂移的数学模型,指出稳定模式下包含常值漂移和相关漂移的陀螺低频噪声是影响稳定精度的主要原因。提出一种自适应实时估计算法,采用卡尔曼滤波框架和滤波器收敛判据,结合Sage-Husa滤波和加权Sage-Husa滤波算法,利用跟踪器跟踪静止目标时输出的脱靶量信号对陀螺常值漂移和相关漂移进行估计。实验结果表明:该算法能够在系统模型和噪声特性均不准确的情况下使用,收敛时间小于3 s,估计均方差小于0.02 (°)/s,具有良好的鲁棒性和自适应能力。     

Low-frequency Periodic Error Identification and Compensation for Star Tracker Attitude Measurement

The low-frequency periodic error of star tracker is one of the most critical problems for high-accuracy satellite attitude determination.In this paper an approach is proposed to identify and compensate the low-frequency periodic error for star tracker in attitude measurement.The analytical expression between the estimated gyro drift and the low-frequency periodic error of star tracker is derived firstly.And then the low-frequency periodic error,which can be expressed by Fourier series,is identified by the frequency spectrum of the estimated gyro drift according to the solution of the first step.Furthermore,the compensated model of the low-frequency periodic error is established based on the identified parameters to improve the attitude determination accuracy.Finally,promising simulated experimental results demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.The periodic error for attitude determination is eliminated basically and the estimation precision is improved greatly.     

三维六向编织复合材料拉伸性能的实验研究

通过三维六向编织T700/TDE86复合材料的纵向拉伸实验,从宏观角度研究了其力学行为,获得了这些材料的主要力学性能参数及破坏规律.实验结果表明,影响三维六向编织复合材料力学性能的最主要参数是编织角,材料的拉伸弹性模量和拉伸强度受编织角的影响显著;编织角较小时,拉伸应力-应变曲线接近于线性,材料表现为脆性特征.本文还利用OLYMPUS体视显微镜对试件断口进行了观察,并对三维六向编织复合材料的破坏机制进行了分析.所得结论为进一步研究三维六向编织复合材料的刚度和强度预报奠定了实验基础.     

光纤惯导角度随机游走误差传播特性研究

角度随机游走是光纤陀螺的一个重要技术指标,也是高精度光纤惯导系统的一项重要误差源。为了深入了解角度随机游走误差对系统精度的影响,从统计角度研究了该误差在导航过程中的传播特性。通过将角度随机游走对系统的影响等效为不相关的随机脉冲序列激励下的系统输出,推导了角度随机游走作用下导航误差的理论公式并进行了仿真验证。结果表明,所给出的理论表达式能够很好地描述角度随机游走误差的传播规律。通过解析表达式,可以在任意时间段对任何一只陀螺角度随机游走造成的系统误差进行定量分析,这对于系统性能评估、误差分析和设计工作都具有重要意义。     

光纤陀螺惯性测量单元数据频混误差仿真分析

导航计算机对光纤陀螺（FOG）测量数据的异步重采样将引起数据的频谱混叠误差。基于FOG信号检测特点,以FOG闭环输出数据更新率、惯性测量单元（IMU）异步通信定时脉冲频率为参量,以载体的正弦干扰频率为变量,以导航计算机接收信号直流（DC）分量的幅值误差抑制为目标,建立了仿真模型。分析了现有内插抽取方案和滑动滤波方案的数据频混误差及延时特性。提出了类盲发变滑窗长度方案,抑制了频混误差响应谱对滑窗长度的敏感性。仿真结果表明,相比滑窗长度偏离最优值4%的滑动滤波方案,变滑窗长度方案的误差最大值从0.056 85降至0.009 737,能更好地适应定时脉冲信号频率抖动或切换的工程应用需求。      

转台高精度模拟卫星三轴角速度解耦算法研究

针对传统法解决转台解耦问题存在的不足,将欧拉角速度转为陀螺角速度,地球自转作为转动激励,提出了一种新的转台解耦方法。对框角解耦算法以及卫星三轴与转台三轴不同关系条件下的转台改进算法进行了仿真。结果表明:用转台模拟卫星欧拉姿态角时,应尽量避免中内框夹角过小;卫星稳态运行时,转台的内外框分别模拟卫星的俯仰、偏航轴。转台不会产生接近奇异的现象。     

Enhanced electrothermal effect of carbon fibrous composites decorated with high conductive carbon nanotube webs

Literature has demonstrated that Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) can greatly enhance the electrical conductivity and matrix-dominated mechanical properties of fibrous composites. However, electrothermal coupling effect of CNTs on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs) has scarcely been considered. This work prepared and introduced thin and porous CNT webs to the surface or/and interface of a CFRP to enhance its electrothermal properties. The results show that CNT webs can enhance the transverse electrical conductivities of the CFRP by 231%−519% in a current range of 50–150 mA, when compared to the base-CFRP. Also, the surface temperature of CNT webs decorated CFRP can be improved by 20.5–32.3 °C within 3 min showing a self-heating rate of 6.8–10.8 °C/min just with an applied voltage of 20–30 V, increased by 152%−177% when compared to the base-CFRP (2.7–3.9 °C/min). Also, deicing can be finished within 4–10 min with a voltage of 18 V and an input power of 246 W/m². Moreover, the electrothermal processes nearly have no negative effect on the mechanical properties of the CFRP. The relatively low input power and short response time for deicing make the CNT webs decorated CFRP may be a potential new generation for aeronautical deicing structure.