A novel two-stage extended Kalman filter algorithm for reaction flywheels fault estimation

This paper investigates the problem of two-stage extended Kalman filter(TSEKF)-based fault estimation for reaction flywheels in satellite attitude control systems(ACSs). Firstly, based on the separate-bias principle, a satellite ACSs with actuator fault is transformed into an augmented nonlinear discrete stochastic model; then, a novel TSEKF is suggested such that it can simultaneously estimate satellite attitude information and actuator faults no matter they are additive or multiplicative; finally, the proposed approach is respectively applied to estimating bias faults and loss of effectiveness for reaction flywheels in satellite ACSs, and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fault estimation approach.     

Cubature Kalman filter with closed-loop covariance feedback control for integrated INS/GNSS navigation

Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) offers a promising solution to handle the data fusion of integrated nonlinear INS/GNSS (Inertial Navigation System/Global Navigation Satellite System) navigation. However, its accuracy is degraded by inaccurate kinematic noise statistics which originate from disturbances of system dynamics. This paper develops a method of closed-loop feedback covariance control to address the above problem of CKF. In this method, the posterior state and its covariance are fed back to the filtering process to constitute a closed-loop structure for CKF covariance propagation. Subsequently, based on the maximum likelihood principle, a control scheme of the prior state covariance is established by using the feedback state and covariance within an estimation window and further adopting a proportional coefficient to amplify the feedback terms in recent time steps for the full use of new information to reflect actual system characteristics. Since it does not directly use kinematic noise covariance, the proposed method can effectively avoid the adverse impact of inaccurate kinematic noise statistics on filtering solutions. Further, it can also guarantee the prior state covariance to be positive semi-definite without involving extra measures. The efficacy of the proposed method is validated by simulations and experiments for integrated INS/GNSS navigation.     

A practical filter error method for aerodynamic parameter estimation of aircraft in turbulence

It is common for aircraft to encounter atmospheric turbulence in flight tests. Turbulence is usually modeled as stochastic process noise in the flight dynamics equations. In this paper, parameter estimation of nonlinear dynamic system with both process and measurement noise was studied, and a practical filter error method was proposed. The linearized Kalman filter of first-order approximation was used for state estimation, in which the filter gain, along with the system parameters and the initial states, constituted the parameter vector to be estimated. The unknown parameters and measurement noise covariance were estimated alternately by a relaxation iteration method, and the sensitivities of observations to unknown parameters were calculated by finite difference approximation. Some practical aspects of the method application were discussed. The proposed filter error method was validated by the flight simulation data of a research aircraft. Then, the method was applied to the flight tests of a subscale aircraft, and the aerodynamic stability and control derivatives were estimated. All the estimation results were compared with the results of the output error method to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. It is shown that the filter error method is superior to the output error method for flight tests in atmospheric turbulence.     

基于数据驱动的变循环发动机多变量自适应控制算法研究

本文针对变循环发动机包线范围大,自适应控制需求高的问题,在增广线性二次型调节器(ALQR)基础上,提出一种基于数据驱动的自适应ALQR(DA-ALQR)控制算法。构建了多变量系统自适应控制准则函数,以梯度下降法对控制器参数进行调整,借助基于数据驱动的动态线性化建模方法,递推进行输出对输入梯度的近似计算,实现了对ALQR控制参数的自适应调整。仿真结果表明,所设计的DA-ALQR控制器参数随发动机状态变化得到了有效调整,相较于ALQR控制算法,闭环系统动态性能得到了大幅度提升,推力在单外涵模式表现出较快的响应速度,在双外涵模式表现出更小的超调,转速同样表现出了超调减小和响应速度加快特性,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

任意谱宽随机白噪声条件下直接序列扩频体制抗干扰性能分析

依据匹配滤波器理论,对任意谱宽的随机白噪声条件下任意调制体制,特别是直接序列扩频体制的抗干扰性能进行了理论分析,推导出适用于任意谱宽噪声干扰的信噪比普适计算公式。最后指出,这一工作对电子对抗技术具有重要的实际意义。     

数字滤波器在定点DSP上的实现

介绍 FIR(Finite Impulse Response)和 IIR(Infinite Impulse Response)数字滤波器的网络结构及其在定点 DSP(Digital Signal Processing)上的实现方法 ,同时对定点 DSP软件设计中的关键问题——定标作了详细的阐述 ,并以二阶 IIR滤波器为例介绍定标的方法     

两传感器最优信息融合Kalman滤波器及其在跟踪系统中的应用

针对两传感器信息融合，提出了一种在标量加权下的最优信息融合Kalman滤波器。该信息融合滤波器考虑了局部滤波误差的相关性，避免了局部滤波误差方差阵的逆短阵的计算，也避免了加权短阵的计算，只要求计算加权系数，便于实时应用。一个跟踪系统的仿真例子验证了其有效性。     

自校正卡尔曼滤波及其在组合导航中的应用

自校正卡尔曼滤波可在状态估计的同时对状态方程的参数及卡尔曼增益进行辨识，从而提高了适应能力。文中讨论了它在组合导航中的应用。     

实测数据的降秩空时自适应处理方法

在实际非均匀环境中，机载雷达数据的非均匀性会恶化杂波协方差矩阵的估计，严重地降低了空时自适应处理器的性能。本文首先用非均匀检测器在非均匀环境下选择辅助距离门，来估计样本协方差矩阵。而后讨论了基于广义旁瓣相消器结构上的两种降秩空时自适应处理方法：主分量法和互谱法，这两种方法都是利用杂波和干扰的低秩属性，用依赖于采样数据的转换矩阵来构造空时自适应滤波器。最后对从Mountain Top计划测得的数据，应用上述两种降秩方法对其进行了分析。仿真实验表明了这两种方法的可行性，减少了计算量，并提高了有效可测收敛性，可有效地提高空时自适应处理器的性能。     

基于INS辅助的GPS接收机完善性监测算法研究

以惯性导航系统输出的数据作为辅助信息 ,对 GPS完善性监测算法进行了研究。该法以卡尔曼滤波新息序列为依据 ,对 GPS卫星的伪距测量值是否出现故障进行的检测 ,并给出了计算机仿真算例。仿真结果表明 :该方法能够及时准确地检测出 GPS故障星