火星探测天线组阵数据接收技术研究和验证实验

为了满足我国首次火星探测任务的需要，确保探测器有效载荷科学数据的顺利下传，将采用天线组阵的方式进行数据接收。天线组阵数据接收技术在航天工程中的应用国内尚属首次，为此开展了信号合成方法和处理流程的研究，提出了利用模型计算和基于科斯塔斯环的搜索估计相结合的初始时延和多普勒频差快速估计方法。利用现有的密云站50 m天线和昆明站40 m天线，以嫦娥3号着陆器数传信号为实验对象，开展了天线组阵与数据接收技术检验实验。研究和实验结果表明，全频谱合成方法优于符号流合成方法，其合成损耗小于等于 0.45 dB ，可用于我国首次火星探测任务天线组阵的信号合成；初始时延和多普勒频差快速估计方法可提高广域组阵信号互相关的搜索效率；所确定的信号合成技术流程和数据处理方法可用于后续信号合成软硬件设备的研制和开发。     

月震特征及与地震的对比

月球内部结构是月球研究的热点问题，月震是研究月球内部结构的最佳手段之一.对月震数据及震源参数进行了再分析，在分析已有研究结果的基础上，对各类月震的信号特征、震源分布以及震源机制进行讨论，并将其与地震进行对比.研究发现，月震与地震有很多明显差异:月震信号持续时间较长，且深源月震与热月震具有波形匹配特征；探测到的月震多为深源月震，主要分布于月球正面的北东向和南西向；深源月震和热月震的发震时间都具有周期性，深源月震的周期性主要由地球对月球的潮汐引力以及太阳对月球轨道的扰动造成，且其发震位置具有丛集性，即在相同或相近位置重复发生，而热月震的周期性主要由于月球昼夜温度变化造成.      

北斗RDSS用户机测试系统关键技术研究

为了实现对北斗RDSS用户机检测的需求，研制了专用测试系统。介绍北斗RDSS用户机测试系统的基本组成和工作原理，分析了测试系统研制涉及到的部分关键技术：系统建模仿真、RDSS出站信号模拟、RDSS入站信号接收、入站信号质量分析等，最后列举了所研制的测试系统到达的主要技术指标。     

导航信号IQ正交性测试软件设计与实现CSCD

针对通用的商用仪器不能适用现代导航信号IQ正交性的测试要求,开发一种基于Matlab GUI环境的导航信号IQ正交性测试软件。该软件通过网络接口控制高速数字示波器,对导航信号源的秒脉冲信号和导航信号进行双通道高速数据采样,根据秒脉冲信号确定导航信号起始点,截取导航信号数据,采用本地数字波形对导航信号进行匹配滤波和伪随机码同步等数字信号处理,精密估计I和Q支路载波初始相位,从而得到IQ正交性测试结果。软件具有界面友好,操作简单,显示直观等特点。仿真测试结果表明,在典型载噪比情况下,测试软件所得到的测试结果随机误差小于0.5°。     

Supertyphoon Hagibis action in the ionosphere on 6–13 October 2019: Results from multi-frequency multiple path sounding at oblique incidence

The purpose of the present paper is to describe the observations of the variations in the parameters of HF radio waves propagating through the ionosphere when the action of the super typhoon Hagibis on 6–13 October 2019 occurred. The observations have been made with the Harbin Engineering University (the People's Republic of China) multi-frequency multiple path radio system involving the software-defined technology. The action of the super typhoon has been shown to be accompanied by enhanced atmospheric wave activity acting to generate wave processes with periods of 10 to 120 min. Coupling in the atmosphere–upper-atmosphere–ionosphere system has been confirmed to be carried out with atmospheric gravity waves. The ionosphere underwent the greatest impact on those days when the supertyphoon had maximum energy, on 8, 10, and especially 9 October 2019, and when it was found to be in an ～2,500–3,000-km distance range from the propagation path midpoints. Under the action of wave processes, the height of the reflection region was observed to oscillate within the ±(30–90 km) limits. The amplitude of the quasi-periodic variations in the ionospheric F-region electron density was estimated to be 10–12% for periods of ～20 min, and 30–60% for periods of ～60–120 min. The joint action of the dusk terminator and the supertyphoon has been confirmed to enhance wave activity in the ionosphere. Similar effects for the dawn terminator have not been detected.     

基于ARINC-618协议的地空数据链技术研究

地空数据链作为大型民机的标准配置,在我国自主研制大型民用客机的过程中需要深入、全面地了解和掌握。鉴于当前地空数据链设备仅有国外个别厂商提供,国内相关领域的技术积累较少,针对地空数据链的基本问题,开展了以ARINC-618协议为核心的地空数据链的传输信号和译码等基础研究,并以过境飞机的ACARS信号为基础进行了技术分析。     

整体叶盘叶片磨抛工艺参数优化

以整体叶盘作为加工对象,为提高其叶片表面加工质量,降低表面粗糙度,展开整体叶盘磨抛工艺参数(如砂带粒度、砂带线速度、进给速度)的优化.首先,进行整体叶盘数控磨抛试验,其次,应用信噪比优化磨抛工艺参数,最后,选最优工艺参数对整体叶盘进行磨抛试验,加工表面测量结果表明,整体叶盘表面粗糙度显著降低,满足叶盘表面加工质量要求.     

A substitute for BOC modulation based on SS-CPM

CPM (continuous phase modulation) has been widely used in the field of satellite communication, which has high spectrum efficiency and constant envelope. This paper explores the applicability of CPM to satellite navigation. A SS-CPM (Spread-Spectrum CPM) modulation is investigated. The SS-CPM with tuned parameters can resemble the spectrum of Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulation and yields comparable performance in terms of tracking accuracy, multipath mitigation, anti-jamming, and compatibility. The BOC-like SS-CPM signal maintains the constant envelope at transmission and less out-band emission in radio determination satellite service (RDSS) band, which provides a reference modulation for COMPASS satellite navigation signal.     

Molecular analysis of the graviperception signal transduction in the flagellate Euglena gracilis: Involvement of a transient receptor potential-like channel and a calmodulin

Euglena gracilis, a unicellular, photosynthetic flagellate is a model system for environmentally controlled behavior responses. The organism shows pronounced negative gravitaxis. This movement is based on physiological mechanisms, which in the past had been only indirectly assessed. It was shown that mechano-sensitive calcium channels are involved in the gravitaxis response. Recent studies have demonstrated that members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family function as mechano-sensitive channels in several different cell types. We have sequenced part of a TRP gene in Euglena and applied RNA interference (RNAi) to confirm that these channels are involved in graviperception. It was found that RNAi against the putative TRP channel abolished gravitaxis. The genes of three calmodulins were sequences in Euglena, one of which was previously known in its protein structure (cal 1). The other two were unknown (cal 2 and cal 3). Cal 2 has been analyzed in detail. The biosynthesis of the corresponding proteins of cal 1 and cal 2 was inhibited by means of RNA interference to see whether this blockage impairs gravitaxis. RNAi of cal 1 leads to a long-term loss of free swimming in the cells (while euglenoid movement persists). It induced pronounced cell form aberrations and the division of cells was hampered. After recovery from RNAi the cell showed precise negative gravitaxis again. Thus cal 1 does not seem to be involved in gravitaxis. In contrast, the blockage of cal 2 has no pronounced influence on motility and cell form but leads to a complete loss of gravitactic orientation for more than 30 days showing that this calmodulin is an element in the signal transduction chain. The data are discussed in the context of the current model of the gravitaxis signal transduction chain in Euglena gracilis.     

一种改进的模糊度子集选取方法及其性能评估

模糊度固定(ambiguity resolution, AR)能在一定程度上加快精密单点定位收敛并提高定位精度。但是模糊度固定率和计算效率会随模糊度数量的增加而降低,因此部分模糊度固定(partial ambiguity resolution, PAR)备受关注。PAR技术的关键在于模糊度子集选取,提出了一种改进的模糊度子集选取法,将高度角、信噪比以及模糊度方差联合作为模糊度子集选取的指标。实验结果表明：静态模式下,相比于全模糊度固定(full ambiguity resolution, FAR)和基于高度角的PAR方法,该方法的固定率分别提升9.65%和2.56%,首次固定时间分别缩短6.86%和3.43%,收敛时间分别缩短15.57%和5.13%,当三种方法固定率大致相同时,定位精度分别提升4.74%和5.39%;动态模式下,该方法的固定率分别提升22.75%和0.92%,首次固定时间分别缩短12.44%和0.44%,当三种方法固定率大致相同时,定位精度分别提升3.50%和4.89%。总体而言,无论是在静态还是动态模式下,该方法相比于FAR和基于高度角的PAR方法,性能均有所提升。