基于神经网络模型的学习诊断

基于故障树模型的诊断把故障树的底事件分成三部分：必然的故障源集（ＣＦＳ）、正常底事件集（ＮＥＳ）和可能的故障源集（ＰＦＳ），及如何进一步确定ＰＦＳ中各元素的状态（正常或异常）。在存在大量训练样本的情况下，可采用基于神经网络模型的学习诊断方法来确定ＰＦＳ中各元素的状态，并通过对某卫星能源系统故障模拟原理性试验台的故障诊断验证了该方法的有效性。     

航天电连接器及其组件失效分析

介绍了航天电连接器及其组件失效分析中初步分析、详细分析、故障假设和最终鉴定四个阶段的内容及方法。阐述了断路、接触不良、瞬断、绝缘不良、短路、误配线、固定不良和密封不良等常见失效模式和失效机理。给出了失效分析的程序和若干检验方法。     

飞控系统故障检测的参数模糊自适应调节

提出通过模型参数的模糊比例积分自适应调节，以校正基于模型的飞控系统故障检测中的系统数学模型偏差。针对模型中误差差较大的迎角导数值，将俯仰角加速度的测量值与教学模型估计值之差作为比例积分调节的反馈量，动态实时校正数学模型参数。     

基于故障树的直升机维修差错分析方法的研究

根据维修差错一人的失误机理、差错的墨菲定律，以及事故链模型和JamesReason模型，提出了基于故障树的主动预先的维修差错分析方法，试图在直升机设计之中和直升机交付使用前，通过这种基于故障树的维修差错分析方法，找出设计中、使用维修及使用管理中出现的问题或维修差错，提出改进措施，防止在使用维修中出现维修差错。通过这种主动事前的预防维修差错分析方法，可以消除或减少维修差错，提高直升机的安全性。     

Aircraft air conditioning system health state estimation and prediction for predictive maintenance

The vast potential of system health monitoring and condition based maintenance on modern commercial aircraft is being realized through the innovative use of Airplane Condition Monitoring System (ACMS) data. However there are few methods addressing the issues of failure prognostics and predictive maintenance for commercial aircraft Air Conditioning System (ACS). This study developed a Bayesian failure prognostics approach using ACMS data for predictive maintenance of ACS. First, a health index characterizing the ACS health state is inferred from a multiple sensor signals using a data driven method. Then a dynamic linear model is proposed to describe the degradation process for failure prognostics. Bayesian inference formulas are carried out for degradation estimation and prediction. The developed approach is applied on a passenger aircraft fleet with ACMS data recorded for one year. The analysis of the case study shows that the developed method can produce satisfactory prognostics results, where all the ACS failure precursors are identified in advance, and the relative errors for the failure time prediction made when just entering the degradation warning stage are less than 8%. This would allow operators to proactively plan future maintenance.     

Applying fuzzy bi-dimensional scenario-based model to the assessment of Mars mission architecture scenarios

Sending man to Mars has been a long-held dream of humankind. NASA plans human planetary explorations using approaches that are technically feasible, have reasonable risks and have relatively low costs. This study presents a novel Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) model for evaluating a range of potential mission scenarios for the human exploration of Mars. The three alternatives identified by the Mission Operations Directorate (MOD) at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) include split mission, combo lander and dual scenarios. The proposed framework subsumes the following key methods: first, the conjunction method is used to minimize the number of alternative mission scenarios; second, the Fuzzy Risk Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (RFMEA) is used to analyze the potential failure of the alternative scenarios; third, the fuzzy group Real Option Analysis (ROA) is used to estimate the expected costs and benefits of the alternative scenarios; and fourth, the fuzzy group permutation approach is used to select the optimal mission scenario. We present the results of a case study at NASA’s Johnson Space center to demonstrate: (1) the complexity of mission scenario selection involving subjective and objective judgments provided by multiple space exploration experts; and (2) a systematic and structured method for aggregating quantitative and qualitative data concerning a large number of competing and conflicting mission events.     

带FDI算法的无人机组合导航姿态确定控制系统设计

无人机导航系统的作用是提供导航数据给飞控计算机作为制导和控制用,因为飞控计算机的性能在很大程度上依赖于导航数据,导航系统的某一个错误可能会导致整个无人机的失败,因此,导航系统应具有故障检测和隔离(FDI)算法,介绍了一种用于无人机导航的FDI和低成本的组合导航系统,硬件包括低成本商业用MEMSIMU、GPS接收器、磁力计和导航计算机,软件包括带FDI算法的卡尔曼滤波。     

冗余惯组故障检测与隔离的广义似然比解耦矩阵构造新方法

冗余惯组可提高运载火箭制导系统的可靠性,惯性器件发生故障会污染导航信息,需要进行在线故障检测和隔离。面对安装矩阵一定的成套冗余捷联惯组,使用Potter算法构造解耦矩阵的广义似然比故障检测方法,无法检测并隔离特定轴故障,提出选择正交投影矩阵的极大无关组来构造解耦矩阵,采用全数字仿真对改进方法进行验证。结果表明,新方法克服了成套惯组同轴共基座安装时某个轴向无法故障检测的问题,且故障检测性能没有降低。该方法为运载火箭制导系统在线故障检测技术提供了一种新思路。     

C/C复合材料螺栓受拉破坏模式分析

文摘采用试验的方法研究了两种不同结构C/C复合材料螺栓的拉伸破坏形式。结果表明,螺栓头的结构决定了其破坏模式。对于受拉而导致的螺栓头剪切破坏,不是由单方向的层间剪切和面内剪切决定,而是两个方向剪切综合作用的结果,因此细化螺栓头结构设计能最大程度发挥复合材料的力学性能极限。     

钛合金耳片的静载失效分析与结构优化研究

钛合金因比强度高、耐蚀性好、耐热性高等特点被广泛应用于航空、航天、舰船等领域。飞机在襟翼滑轮架侧板、铰链接头、基座等结构部位采用钛合金零件,其中部分零件涉及耳片连接结构。为了对钛合金耳片进行强度分析和结构优化,开展了不同尺寸钛合金耳片的静载试验研究。揭示了钛合金耳片几何尺寸与加载角度对破坏载荷的影响规律;计算获得轴向加载效率系数K_0与角度加载效率系数K_(con1);对典型断口进行了形貌观察,探讨了钛合金耳片在室温静载荷作用下的破坏机制。