Hybrid simulations of the O ion escape from Venus: Influence of the solar wind density and the IMF x component

As an initial effort to study the evolution of the Venus atmosphere, the influence of the solar wind density and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) x component (the x-axis points from Venus towards the Sun) on the O⁺ ion escape rate from Venus is investigated using a three-dimensional quasi-neutral hybrid (HYB-Venus) model. The HYB-Venus model is first applied to a case of the high-density (100 cm⁻³) solar wind interaction with Venus selected from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter observations to demonstrate its capability for the study. Two sets of simulations with a wide range of solar wind densities and different IMF x components are then performed. It is found that the O⁺ ion escape rate increases with increasing solar wind density. The O⁺ ion escape rate saturates when the solar wind density becomes high (above 100 cm⁻³). The results also suggest that the IMF x component enhances the O⁺ ion escape rate, given a fixed IMF component perpendicular to the x-axis. Finally, the results imply a higher ion loss rate for early-Venus, when solar conditions were dramatically different.     

联合射流控制技术的增升效果和机理

数值模拟联合射流翼型的绕流,研究联合射流控制技术的增升效果和机理.主控方程选为定常可压缩流动的质量加权平均N-S方程和S-A湍流模型,使用Fluent软件进行数值求解.计算结果表明,联合射流控制技术可以有效地减小翼型的零升迎角、提高翼型的最大升力系数和失速迎角.通过理论分析,揭示了联合射流控制技术的增升机理,即通过增加翼型上表面的流速从而增大绕翼型的环量,通过向边界层内注入能量从而延迟翼型大迎角下的流动分离.     

进化算法在航路飞机排序中的应用

讨论了空中交通流量管理中在航路交汇点上的飞机排序问题。利用进化思想建立航路交汇点的数学模型,在遵循飞机尾流间隔要求的情况下,找到更合理的飞机通过航路交汇点的次序。算法采用特殊的进化算子和目标函数,以便能够满足空中交通管制实时性的要求。仿真结果表明,该算法排序效果好、效率高,达到了预期目的。     

高强铝合金疲劳特性研究

研究了室温大气环境下不同应力比R和不同应力集中系数Kt条件下2E12高强铝合金的高周疲劳性能,并利用扫描电镜及透射电镜对合金疲劳断口附近的微观组织及疲劳断口进行了分析.研究结果表明,在同一应力水平下,2E12高强铝合金的疲劳寿命随着应力比R的增大而提高;Kt=1时合金的疲劳寿命远远大于Kt=3时合金的疲劳寿命,表明此合金具有明显的缺口效应.疲劳断口由疲劳源区、裂纹扩展区及瞬断区组成.第二相对疲劳裂纹的萌生起着重要的作用,并且初步讨论了有关的疲劳断裂机理.     

某型机垂尾摇臂故障剖析

对某型机方向舵摇臂中心耳孔片断裂现象进行了技术分析,其断裂性质属手大应力作用下的疲劳断裂。同时。针对故障产生的原因,提出了改进措施,消除了某型机飞行隐患。     

载人飞船座椅缓冲机构的可靠性试验方法

结合中国载人飞船座椅缓冲机构介绍了功能和主要故障模式,建立了座椅缓冲机构的可靠性模型,给出了座椅缓冲机构的可靠性特征量,基于计量型可靠性试验的基本思路,提出了座椅缓冲机构的可靠性试验方法并给出了应用示例,为载人飞船座椅缓冲机构可靠性验证提供了技术途径。     

固定鸭舵二维修正弹比例导引律参数优化

针对固定鸭舵二维修正机构控制力有限和比例导引法控制末段需用过载变化过大的问题,提出了一种基于重力补偿比例导引律的过载阈值控制策略。分析了固定鸭舵二维修正机构的控制力及力矩,以落点弹目距离最小为目标函数,选取纵向和横向平面导引系数及过载阈值为设计变量,在重力补偿比例导引律的基础上建立了导引律参数优化模型,并采用差分进化算法（DE）对其进行优化。最后通过外弹道仿真分别从控制段飞行稳定性、控制效率、控制机构过载及控制精度几个方面与传统比例导引律进行对比分析,同时使用蒙特卡洛法验证了控制策略的有效性。结果表明：与传统比例导引律相比,使用该控制策略提高了二维弹道修正迫弹的控制效率,有效降低了控制末段需用过载,弹道控制段飞行稳定性明显提高。     

Design and testing of a roto-translational shutter mechanism for planetary operation

This work describes the design and testing of a shutter mechanism for a miniaturized infrared spectrometer developed for the ESA ExoMars Pasteur mission. Unlike most usual cover mechanisms, the conceived one provides a roto-translational motion. This feature allows the sealing of the interferometer main entrance window from dust contamination, in addition to the usual function of shuttering the instrument field of view. Although this characteristic is strongly desired because it avoids dust deposition and optics contamination while the instrument is not operating, it makes the mechanism design significantly more complex. Moreover, challenging design constraints were faced: the mass budget allowed for no more than 30 g allocation, the expected working thermal range extended down to −80 °C and high vibration levels with an acceleration peak of 670 m/s² were predicted during Mars landing. To complete the picture, the mechanism cover was required to provide also a calibration target for the 2–25 μm spectral range of the spectrometer. The resulting system is made by a calibrating/shutter cover moved by a purposely designed out of plane cams system which provides the desired motion. A mechanism mockup was assembled and successfully tested in the predicted thermal and mechanical environments.     

基于递推差分进化算法的空间机器人参数辨识

针对空间机器人抓取未知目标时的特性参数以及关节摩擦系数的辨识和在线修正问题,提出一种基于递推差分进化算法的实时参数辨识方法。首先采用静态连续摩擦模型描述机器人的关节摩擦特性,并建立两关节空间机器人的非线性动力学模型,然后基于差分进化算法和递推最大似然估计法推导出递推差分进化算法,并用于空间机器人的参数辨识,最后仿真校验了该辨识方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,该算法的辨识精度优于遗传算法和最小二乘法,辨识速度较快,能满足遥操作的要求,且对于动态信息有较好的跟随性。     

高职学院信息类专业产学研合作人才培养模式及机制探析

随着我国信息化进程的加速,我国信息技术产业迅速发展,信息技术产业对人才的需求也日益扩大。培养信息技术产业需要的、具有较高职业技能的合格人才,成为摆在高职学院信息类专业面前的一个重大课题。本文就高职学院信息类专业如何构建产学研合作人才培养模式及其机制问题谈一点粗浅的看法。