层合复合材料高速冲击仿真研究进展

简述高强度纤维增强层合复合材料在高速冲击下的主要损伤模式和计算后的能量评估内容,介绍有限元仿真过程中不同材料模型、失效模型和刚度软化的特点,评述整体和分层两种建模方法的优缺点,提出发展趋势。     

带中介轴承的双转子系统振动耦合作用评估

为了评估中介轴承对双转子系统的振动耦合作用,从临界转速位置振型变化、临界转速变化、模态振型与稳态不平衡响应的应变能分布变化、中介轴承受力变化等多角度,阐释双转子耦合振动的表现形式和关联关系,提出了相应的评价指标或评估方法,并以典型燃气涡轮发动机双转子系统为对象,进行了分析评估。结果表明,单转子的模态振型可能在双转子模态振型中表现为3种形式,一一对应出现、重复出现或耦合出现,对应的临界转速及应变能分布也会随之产生相应的变化;中介轴承受力在临界转速位置出现峰值,而应变能分布变化最大的转速位置与系统临界转速位置不一致,同时还受不平衡激励位置影响;各单元应变能占比变化量随转速变化曲线可详细分析特定不平衡激励下系统应变能分布变化情况。所提方法可为双转子-中介轴承系统的设计、故障诊断提供参考。     

GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.     

基于任务的飞机大迎角飞行品质评定准则

针对现代战斗机大迎角飞行品质缺少量化评定准则的问题,在常规飞行品质评定准则的基础上,采用基于任务的飞行品质评定方法,通过主观评估和客观评估,对多个具有不同电传操纵特性的飞机进行飞行品质评定,由此建立了定量的横向和纵向的大迎角飞行品质评定准则.将所得到的基于任务的大迎角飞行品质评定准则与常规飞行品质评定准则对比,结果表明:具有更大阻尼比和更大短周期操纵期望参数,在横向具有更大滚转模态时间常数的飞机,其大迎角飞行品质等级更优.建立的这一准则更适用于战斗机大迎角飞行的飞行品质评定研究,并可作为现代战斗机的设计标准.      

Multiscale modeling of mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of 3D angle-interlock woven aluminum composites subjected to warp/weft directional tension loading

The mechanical behavior and progressive damage mechanism of novel aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 3D angle-interlock woven carbon fibers were investigated using a multiscale modeling approach. The mechanical properties and failure of yarns were evaluated using a microscale model under different loading scenarios. On this basis, a mesoscale model was developed to analyze the tensile behavior and failure mechanism of the composites. The interfacial decohesion, matrix damage, and failure of fibers and yarns were incorporated into the microscopic and mesoscopic models. The stress–strain curves and fracture modes from simulation show good agreement with the experimental curves and fracture morphology. Local interface and matrix damage initiate first under warp directional tension. Thereafter, interfacial failure, weft yarn cracking, and matrix failure occur successively. Axial fracture of warp yarn, which displays a quasi-ductile fracture characteristic, dominates the ultimate composites failure. Under weft directional tension, interfacial failure and warp yarn rupture occur at the early and middle stages. Matrix failure and weft yarn fracture emerge simultaneously at the final stage, leading to the cata-strophic failure of composites. The weft directional strength and fracture strain are lower than the warp directional ones because of the lower weft density and the more serious brittle fracture of weft yarns.     

铰链接头齿轮断裂失效分析

某天线系统同步铰链接头在进行展开试验时发生接头齿轮断裂。试验结果表明,其原材料的金相组织、化学成分和力学性能均满足标准要求,通过扫描电镜对断齿断口进行微观形貌观察发现,其中一断齿的裂纹源区有明显的疲劳条带,其他断齿均为塑性过载断裂形貌,结合天线系统试验过程,判断其失效机理为个别轮齿疲劳开裂引起其他齿塑性过载断裂,最终导致整体铰链接头的失效。     

SiC/SiC复合材料氧化退化研究进展

从SiC/SiC复合材料氧化行为、氧化环境下的失效机理与力学性能三个方面,对SiC/SiC复合材料氧化退化的研究进展进行了综述。文中总结了影响材料氧化行为的重要因素,包括温度、氧分压、水蒸汽以及界面层厚度等。详细分析了材料在不同温度范围内的失效机制,即氧化脆化是SiC/SiC复合材料在中温范围内的重要失效机制,材料在高温下的失效主要是由纤维强度退化、蠕变及界面氧化引起的。总结出:界面氧化消耗、纤维性能退化是引起材料力学性能退化的关键因素,指出了目前研究中存在的问题和发展方向。     

纤维增强树脂基复合材料连接结构强度与失效分析

采用拉伸试验和有限元分析方法研究纤维增强树脂基复合材料螺栓连接与胶–螺混合连接结构的失效机理。通过拉伸–剪切试验分析其载荷–位移曲线,结合有限元仿真结果及断面微观结构变化分析其结构强度和失效机理。结果表明,螺栓连接结构孔周碳纤维丝束受到螺栓挤压力变形后传递给树脂基体。因此,呈现纤维屈曲变形,树脂基体由均匀分布状被断裂的纤维短束挤压变成团簇状,形成结构不均匀而出现薄弱区域。胶–螺混合连接结构呈现拉伸断裂式破坏,断口处碳纤维丝束在拉伸–剪切作用下从环氧树脂基体中拔出并损伤断裂,丝束方向杂乱排布。附着在碳纤维丝束周围的树脂基体从均匀分布状变为团聚状,连接结构在达到极限载荷之后出现拉伸断裂,呈现净截面破坏,并且在重新分配载荷之后板材之间的胶粘剂对纤维的破坏会起延滞作用。材料强度、螺栓强度、胶层强度及螺栓宽径比等因素均会成为影响连接结构失效破坏的因素。     

工业CT与航天应用

使用ｘ－射线或ｒ－射线的工业用计算机断层扫描系统已经用于航天关键材料和组件的故障检测。本文简述了这种系统的原理。在这种系统中，被的体放在射线源和探测器之间，并且使该物体旋转，同时采集各个方向的投影。计算机利用上述的这些投影数据就能生成被检物休的断层图象。为了证明其性能，本文还展出了有关材料和零件的断层图象照片。     

二维机织C/SiC复合材料非线性力学行为数值模拟

建立了考虑纤维束内部缺陷以及外部基体缺陷的多尺度单胞模型。首先依据电镜扫描图和材料内部单胞的密度,确定了纤维束单胞和复合材料单胞的几何尺寸;然后引入周期性边界条件,利用含缺陷的纤维束单胞模型计算了其初始模量和强度;最后使用由电镜扫描图确定尺寸的复合材料单胞模型,利用上一尺度的材料参数,对复合材料的模量进行了预测;并建立了含损伤纤维束单胞的刚度矩阵,运用基于不同失效模式下损伤状态变量的刚度渐进折减法表征材料积分点损伤,通过数值结果与试验结果的对比,分析了Hashin准则作为判定纤维束起始损伤的适用性,并最终据此给出了单轴载荷作用下受损材料参数的变化情况。分析表明:基于考虑两种缺陷的多尺度模型,使用Hashin准则对C/Si C复合材料单胞进行非线性应力-应变行为数值预报与实验吻合良好。