钛合金异种材料单搭自冲铆接头力学性能

为研究钛合金异种材料单搭自冲铆接头的力学性能,本文使用接头剖面直观检测法分析了四种铆接接头的成形质量,先后对铜-钛合金接头(H62-TA1接头)和钛-铝合金接头(TA1-AA5052接头)进行准静态力学性能测试,得到了两种接头的载荷-位移曲线。采用狄克逊准则剔除异常值,并通过变差系数法验证了试验数据的可靠性。研究结果表明:H62-TA1接头质量优于TA1-H62接头,TA1-AA5052接头质量优于AA5052-TA1接头;H62-TA1接头强度(5 177.8 N)高于TA1-AA5052接头(4 296.9 N),H62-TA1接头能量吸收值(21.9 J)大于TA1-AA5052接头(10.2 J);H62-TA1接头失效模式为铆钉拉出失效,TA1-AA5052接头失效模式为下板拉断失效。     

Design and simulation of an innovative cylinder fabricated by selective laser melting

Additive Manufacturing (AM) processing has attracted wide attention due to its advantages, e.g., rapid prototyping and free design. In aeronautic and astronautic engineering, it is especially attractive to apply AM processing, especially Selective Laser Melting (SLM), into primary structures that always occupy most of the whole mass of aircraft or spacecraft. In this paper, an innovative lattice sandwich structure that is suitable to be manufactured with SLM is adopted to design the typical cylinder under axial compression. Firstly, the mechanical properties of pyramidal lattice are investigated, and the bearing capacity of the lattice sandwich cylinder is given analytically for each failure mode. Secondly, a composite cylinder is re-designed in the form of lattice sandwich structure, which sizes are ultimately obtained through optimization. Finally, finite element model of the innovative cylinder is established and several kinds of imperfection are introduced to simulate the defects caused by SLM. Numerical result shows that the lattice sandwich design can obviously enhance the bearing capacity of cylindrical shell even though the original one is designed with composite material. In other words, SLM has great potential in improving the primary structure of spacecraft in the future.     

小子样下导电滑环磨损失效仿真的可靠性评估研究

针对滑环失效数据较少的特点，构建导电滑环磨损失效模型，结合小子样数据处理法和随机性理论对滑环摩擦副进行可靠性评估研究。首先，考虑滑环摩擦副在热力电多场耦合环境下的特点，应用传热学、赫兹理论、能量守恒定律量化多场耦合对滑环摩擦副的影响，再结合Archard模型理论构建导电滑环摩擦副磨损失效模型。然后，采用小子样数据的虚拟增广法和Boot-strap法对仿真数据进行扩展，根据滑环磨损特征量分布规律分别得到随机失效阈值与固定阈值下的可靠度函数曲线，以某厂制造的导电滑环为例，进行滑环摩擦副可靠性评估，实验结果表明随机失效阈值下的可靠度与实际更接近。研究表明所构建的磨损模型和方法可以有效地对导电滑环进行可靠性评估，避免了传统的必须依赖大量试验数据的方法，解决了缺少滑环试验数据而难以进行可靠性评估的问题，填补了导电滑环可靠性研究的空白。     

复合材料连接方法

文中叙述了复合材料常用的几种连接方法,分析了各种连接的破坏模式和连接形式的选择,同时还介绍了国外复合材料连接方法新进展等内容。     

Multi-objective optimization of different dome reinforcement methods for composite cases

A multi-objective optimization method was proposed for different dome reinforcement methods of a filament-wound solid rocket motor composite case based on a Radial Basis Function (RBF) model. Progressive damage of the composite case was considered in a simulation based on Hashin failure criteria, and simulation results were validated by hydraulic burst tests to precisely predict the failure mode, failure position, and burst pressure. An RBF surrogate model was established and evaluated by Relative Average Absolute Error (RAAE), Relative Maximum Absolute Error (RMAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R² methods to improve the optimization efficient of dome reinforcement. In addition, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) was employed to establish multi-objective optimization models of variable-angle and variable-polar-radius dome reinforcements to investigate the coupling effect of the reinforcement angle, reinforcement layers, and reinforcement range on the case performance. Optimal reinforcement parameters were obtained and used to establish a progressive damage model of the composite case with dome reinforcement. In accordance with progressive damage analysis, the burst pressure and performance factor were obtained. Results illustrated that variable-angle dome reinforcement was the optimal reinforcement method compared with variable-polar-radius dome reinforcement as it could not only ensure the reinforcement angle’s continuous changing but also decrease the mass of composite materials. Compared with the unreinforced case, the reinforced case exhibited an increase in the burst pressure and performance factor of 36.1% and 23.5%, respectively.     

可靠性增长试验的计划曲线及其参数研究

在用杜安（Ｄｕａｎｅ）增长模型制定可靠性增长试验的计划曲线时，确定总试验时间经常会遇到缺乏数据、经验和经费不足等困难。本文利用杜安增长模型导出了总试验时间的计算公式，并对影响总试验时间的诸参数进行了分析，提出了选取这些参数的原则和方法，对制定具体的计划曲线有一定的指导意义。     

1420 铝锂合金同种异种自冲铆单搭接头力学性能

为探究1420铝锂合金自冲铆接头的力学性能,本文采用自冲铆连接设备对1420铝锂合金(AL1420)同种及其与铜合金(H62)异种板材组合进行铆接,并通过拉伸-剪切试验测试接头的力学性能,运用SPSS数据分析软件对接头的最大载荷和最大位移量进行分析。结果表明:AL1420-AL1420和AL1420-H62两种接头的失效形式皆为铆钉从下板拉脱,铆钉头与上板接触区域出现不同程度撕裂;H62-AL1420接头除铆钉从下板拉脱,铆钉头与下板接触区域仅出现凹陷。AL1420-AL1420接头最大载荷最高(6 026.8 N),能量吸收性能最好(16.84 J)。对于异种板材组合,H62-AL1420接头的最大载荷(5 304.0 N)大于AL1420-H62接头(5 229.3 N),AL1420-H62接头的能量吸收值(16.79 J)大于H62-AL1420接头(15.08 J),异种板材铆接时则优先采用能量吸收性能较好的AL1420-H62搭接形式。     

Methods to determine stress profile in ALT based on theoretical life models

With the recent products being more reliable,engineers cannot obtain enough failure or degradation information through the design period and even the product lifetime,therefore,accelerated life test(ALT)has become the most popular way to quantify the life characteristics of products.Test design is the most essential topic,such as testing duration,stress profile,data inference,etc.In this paper,a method and procedure based on theoretical life models is proposed to determine the accelerated stress profile.Firstly,the method for theoretical life calculation is put forward based on the main failure mechanism analysis and the theoretical life models.Secondly,the method is provided to determine the accelerated stress profile,including the method to determine the accelerated stress types and the stress range on the basis of the main failure mechanism analysis,the method to determine the acceleration factor and the accelerated stress level based on life quantitative calculation models,and the collaborative analysis method of the accelerated test time while taking the multiple failure mechanisms into consideration.Lastly,the actuator is taken as an example to describe the procedure of the method and the engineering applicability and the validity are verified.     

危害性矩阵分析中故障模式影响概率的确定方法

危害性矩阵分析是进行产品分析和指导改进措施的重要手段,为了解决通过经验决定故障模式影响概率的现状,需采用更加实用客观的方法。根据定量危害性矩阵分析的原理和方法,首先收集故障模式影响概率经验估计法的参照依据和取值范围;然后提出采用故障树计算故障模式影响概率的方法,并用算例进行验证,结果表明故障树计算法避免了人为因素的影响,计算量小,准确性好;最后给出故障模式影响概率的确定流程。     

A generalized rough set-based information filling technique for failure analysis of thruster experimental data

Interval-valued data and incomplete data are two key problems for failure analysis of thruster experimental data and have been basically solved by the proposed methods in this paper. Firstly, information data acquired from the simulation and evaluation system formed as intervalvalued information system （IIS） is classified by the interval similarity relation. Then, as an improvement of the classical rough set, a new kind of generalized information entropy called ＂H＇-information entropy＂ is suggested for the measurement of uncertainty and the classification ability of IIS. There is an innovative information filling technique using the properties of H＇-information entropy to replace missing data by some smaller estimation intervals. Finally, an improved method of failure analysis synthesized by the above achievements is presented to classify the thruster experimental data, complete the information, and extract the failure rules. The feasibility and advantage of this method is testified by an actual application of failure analysis, whose performance is evaluated by the quantification of E-condition entropy.