高超声速飞行器多层次结构强度分析方法

针对高超声速飞行器结构应力损伤问题,采用有限元子模型法对高超声速飞行器结构强度进行分析研究。有限元分析依据模型复杂情况分为3个层次进行:第1层次采用较为稀疏的网格,获得二级子模型边界上各点的位移和力分布;第2层次将二级子模型网格划分细密,并用Fastener单元模拟群钉连接结构,获得较为准确的应力计算结果及钉载分配;第3层次选取钉载最大的部位建立三级子模型,引入渐进损伤子程序对危险部位进行损伤分析。文中采用ABAQUS子模型法,结合Fastener单元及UMAT(User-defined Material Mechanical Behavior)对高超声速飞行器结构强度由整体到局部进行了有限元分析,解决了常规有限元分析法网格多、计算困难等难题。     

面向网络机群系统的结构有限元并行分析

提出了基于网络机群的有限元并行分析方法,结合网络机群体系的特点,分析了这一方法所应具有的基本特点:分布式并行建模;子区域间计算任务弱相关;节点负载平衡。在自建的网络并行平台上,实现了无重叠区域分解直接算法的并行处理,并进行了算例验证。     

空间站吸声降噪设计的仿真评估与验证

文章针对空间站吸声降噪设计中存在的降噪效果评估问题,以空间站缩比结构为研究对象,利用声学有限元法进行吸声降噪设计仿真评估。首先建立适用于空间站的吸声降噪设计仿真评估模型,然后通过地面噪声试验验证仿真模型的准确性;最后对几种空间站可用的不同性质的吸声材料在缩比结构中的降噪效果进行了定量仿真评估。结果表明塑料泡沫的降噪效果最好,其次是浇注泡沫;浇注泡沫的质量相对较轻。本研究可为预先定量评估空间站吸声降噪设计提供参考。     

Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element (FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly, the least wear is obtained when θ = 135° (θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs when θ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle, which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.     

Damage sensitivity of a wing-type leading edge structure impacted by a bird

On the windward side of an aircraft, the components with higher probability of impact with birds are the wing-type leading edge structures, such as the wing and tail. A study on the damage sensitivity of a wing-type leading edge structure under bird strikes was presented in this paper. First, a bird strike test was carried out on a wing. The principles of the bird strike test equipment and method were introduced in detail, including the bird strike test system, bird projectile production process and data acquisition system. The dynamic strain measurement results, the high-speed camera videos, and the final deformation and damage morphology observations of the structure were obtained. Based on the coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) - Finite Element Method (FEM), the commercial software PAM-CRASH was used to simulate the process of a bird strike with the wing. The good agreement between the finite element simulation results and the experimental results shows that the calculation method and the numerical model presented in this paper were reasonable. On this basis, wing-type leading edge structures can be designed by adding triangular support. The bird strike resistances of an original structure and improved structure were studied by numerical simulation. The calculated results show that the improved wing-type leading edge structure is less damaged than the original structure under bird strike. The improved leading edge structure satisfied the anti-bird strike airworthiness requirements, as the thickness of the triangular support was 1.2 mm, and the weight of the structure was reduced by 0.87 kg compared with the original structure. This indicated that the bird strike resistance of the improved structure is better than that of the original structure, and the improved design of the wing-type leading edge structure presented in this paper is reasonable.