跟飞编队卫星相对导航自适应EKF算法研究

针对跟踪星对目标星跟飞编队的相对导航问题,提出了基于自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）的相对导航算法。以线性离散化的椭圆参考轨道相对动力学模型为导航状态方程．设计了虚拟测量量及相应的测量矩阵,避免了求解雅可比矩阵的复杂计算。为了适应构型尺寸变化引起的模型误差变化,提出了模型误差在线估计算法。仿真显示,算法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的估计精度。该研究成果可作为卫星编队应用的有益参考。     

基于变增益观测器的高超声速飞行器输出反馈控制

针对吸气式高超声速飞行器飞行控制问题,提出一种基于变增益观测器的双回路非线性输出反馈控制方案。首先,为解决部分状态信号不可直接测量的问题,设计了一种可变增益状态观测器。通过状态变换将飞行器模型变换为双回路形式,并设计自适应的观测器增益系数在保证其稳定性的同时提高鲁棒性。在此基础上,将高超声速飞行器本体模型与所设计的观测器一起构成新的严反馈系统,结合反步法与动态面设计控制器。另外,引入扩张状态观测器补偿系统观测误差及耦合项。利用Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统的一致有界稳定。最后,在不同情况下的数值仿真校验了所提控制方案在存在较大参数不确定情况下可获得理想的指令跟踪效果。     

基于扩张状态观测器的高空台进气环境模拟控制技术研究

针对航空发动机高空台推力瞬变等过渡态试验对进气环境模拟控制系统所提出的强抗扰性、强鲁棒性的迫切需求,设计了一种基于扩张状态观测器（ESO）的高空台进气环境模拟主动抗扰控制技术方法。首先分析了现有高空台过渡态环境模拟的技术特点和高品质控制指标难于实现的原因;其次设计线性自抗扰控制器（LADRC）和一体化并行控制器（IPC）;最后通过仿真对高空台进气环境模拟主动抗扰控制方法进行了验证。结果表明,应用基于扩张状态观测器的主动抗扰控制技术能够大幅提高发动机过渡态试验中进气环境模拟的动态响应速度、控制精度和抗扰动能力。     

基于CEI的航天器交会对接段的轨道监控

文章探讨了CEI技术在飞船交会对接远程导引段的实时监控的能力,采用单一绝对滤波器的方案进行实时轨道计算,仿真结果表明：采用滤波稳定后固定模糊度的方法可以提高轨道的滤波解精度,相对轨道位置精度可达十米级,速度精度可达厘米每秒级,满足远程导引段的精度指标。     

水喷雾灭火系统设计及其发展

本文简述了水喷雾灭火系统的系统组成,应用范围和设计要求,并就水喷雾灭火系统代替卤代烷灭火系统的技术性问题进行了探讨。     

The flyby anomaly: A case for strong gravitomagnetism?

In the last two decades an anomalous variation in the asymptotic velocity of spacecraft performing a flyby manoeuvre around Earth has been discovered through careful Doppler tracking and orbital analysis. No viable hypothesis for a conventional explanation of this effect has been proposed and its origin remains unexplained. In this paper we discuss a strong transversal component of the gravitomagnetic field as a possible source of the flyby anomaly. We show that the perturbations induced by such a field could fit the anomalies both in sign and order of magnitude. But, although the secular contributions to the Gravity Probe B experimental results and the Lense–Thirring effect in geodynamics satellites can be made null, the detailed orbital evolution is easily in conflict with such an enhanced gravitomagnetic effect.     

Acceleration tracking control for a spinning glide guided projectile with multiple disturbances

A novel acceleration tracking controller is proposed in this paper, for a Spinning Glide Guided Projectile (SGGP) subject to cross-coupling dynamics, external disturbances, and parametric uncertainties. The cross-coupled dynamics for the SGGP are formulated with mismatched and matched uncertainties, and then divided into acceleration and angular rate subsystems via the hierarchical principle. By exploiting the structural property of the SGGP, model-assisted Extended State Observers (ESOs) are designed to estimate online the lumped disturbances in the acceleration and angular rate dynamics. To achieve a rapid response and a strong robustness, integral sliding mode control laws and sigmoid-function-based tracking differentiators are integrated into the ESO-based Trajectory Linearization Control (TLC) framework. It is proven that the acceleration tracking controller can guarantee the ultimate boundedness of the signals in the closed-loop system and make the tracking errors arbitrarily small. The superiority and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in its decoupling ability, accurate acceleration tracking performance and anti-disturbance capability are validated through comparisons and extensive simulations.     

Data-driven model-free adaptive attitude control of partially constrained combined spacecraft with external disturbances and input saturation

This study presents an improved data-driven Model-Free Adaptive Control(MFAC)strategy for attitude stabilization of a partially constrained combined spacecraft with external disturbances and input saturation. First, a novel dynamic linearization data model for the partially constrained combined spacecraft with external disturbances is established. The generalized disturbances composed of external disturbances and dynamic linearization errors are then reconstructed by a Discrete Extended State Observer(DESO). With the dynamic linearization data model and reconstructed information, a DESO-MFAC strategy for the combined spacecraft is proposed based only on input and output data. Next, the input saturation is overcome by introducing an antiwindup compensator. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed controller when the dynamic properties of the partially constrained combined spacecraft are completely unknown.     

Extending multipath hemispherical model to account for time-varying receiver code biases

Multipath effects on code observables account for one of the major error sources in high-accuracy Global Positioning System (GPS)-based positioning, atmosphere sounding and timing applications. The multipath hemispherical model (MHM) represents one of the most widely used methods of mitigating code multipath effects by taking advantage of their spatial repeatability. The use of MHM usually assumes that the receiver code biases (RCBs) are time-invariant; however, this assumption is not always valid, as RCBs and linear combinations thereof (differential code biases, for instance) have long been found to be time-varying over a period of one day. In this contribution, we propose an extended multipath hemispherical model (EMHM) that is capable of mitigating the code multipath effects in the presence of time-varying RCBs. Consequently, the proposed EMHM has two advantages. First, the EMHM gives rise to code multipath corrections with improved reliability because it addresses the intraday variability of RCBs. Second, more interestingly, the EMHM allows easy and effective calibration of short-term temporal variations, if any, in the RCB on each frequency. These advantages are hopeful to benefit GPS code-related applications.     

Design of on-board calibration methods for a digital sun sensor based on Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm and Kalman filters

Digital sun sensor is one of the most important sensors used in the Attitude Determination System (ADS) of the satellite. Due to the harsh environmental conditions that exist in the space, various distortions may occur in the sun sensor optical system that lead to the reduced accuracy of this equipment. So, it is necessary to recalibrate the optical parameters of the aforementioned sensors. For this purpose, first a novel attitude independent error model is proposed for the SS-411 sun sensor that includes the central point of the CCD array, installation error, filter thickness and sensor misalignment. So, the mutual interfaces between the sensor parameters are considered in the developed model. In order to extract the sensor parameters, a nonlinear optimization technique called the Levenberg–Marquardt is applied to the developed model as a batch algorithm. In addition, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) have been utilized as sequential strategies. It will be shown that by considering a worst case of variation amount for sensor parameters, an accuracy improvement of about 17° is achieved by the developed calibration algorithms. Comparison between the developed algorithms represents that UKF has higher accuracy, shorter time convergence but higher computational load.