高校计算机网络实验改革探讨

在对亲身教学经验总结的基础上,笔者考察了众多高校网络实验室建设,揭示了目前高校网络实验的现状,提出了"自主创新"网络实验的概念,并制订了实际方案,拟定了实验方向.通过对"自主创新"网络的实验,取得了比较满意的效果.     

测量数据中色噪声处理方法探讨

针对经纬仪对高速运动目标测量数据的色噪声处理问题进行了分析探讨。介绍了目前对经纬仪测量数据随机误差进行处理的常用方法,指出了该方法对色噪声处理存在的问题,在对测量序列相关性采用差分方法进行分析的基础上,提出了对色噪声数据采用的两种处理策略——非相关转换法和相关数据平滑法,详细介绍了两种处理策略的计算过程和方法,并通过实测数据的处理实例,验证了所提出处理策略的有效性和合理性,最后对两种方法的特点进行了比较分析。     

提高同位素测量航空燃油密度精度的方法研究

在介绍利用同位素放射性原理测量航空燃油密度的机理及测量系统构成的基础上,针对测量中出现的同位素射线初始强度发生波动对测量结果造成干扰的现象,提出了2种解决方法(测量结果修正方法和双探测器差动测量方法),并从原理上论述了利用这2种方法提高同位素航空燃油测量系统抗干扰性能和测量精度的可行性.      

一种基于随机集的模糊观测的多目标跟踪算法

为解决目标数未知或随时间变化时模糊观测的多目标跟踪问题,将多目标状态和模糊 观测数据表示为随机集形式,利用模糊观测的似然函数融合模糊数据,建立了模糊观测的概 率假设密度(probability hypothesis density,PHD)粒子滤波方法。这种方法首先利用 粒子滤波预测和更新随机集的PHD,然后估计目标数N,最后找出N个PHD最大的点就 是多目标的状态估计。在相同的仿真环境中,用这种方法与用重心去模糊器进行去模糊处理 后的观测数据同时跟踪目标数变化情况下的多目标,并进行了比较,结果表明,模糊观测多 目标跟踪的PHD粒子滤波能稳健跟踪目标数未知或随时间变化时的目标状态和目标数,性能 好于去模糊情况。     

图形化测量提高测量的性能和品位

以现代化航空仪表中的图形化测量为例,说明它比只用指针与刻度盘和数字指示测量结果的系统,其功能更强,能表明更多更深入的问题.测量结果用图形来描述,配合计算机与人工智能技术,能在更高层次上解决更多的问题.在一些具体生动的范例基础上,由具体到一般,提出图形化测量系统的组成方块图和在许多工业和研究部门应该推广应用图形化测量的建议,以提高测量的性能和品位.最后还有一些实例说明图形化测量不断在发展.      

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SWIRLING AND RECIRCULATING TWO-PHASE FLOW FIELD IN A COLD MODEL OF DUAL-INLET SUDDEN-EXPANSION COMBUSTOR

The axial and tangential velocities of gas and particle phases and particle concentration for turbulent swirling and recirculating gas-particle (simulating gas-droplet) flows in a cold model of a dual-inlet sudden-expansion combustor with partially tangential central tubes, proposed by the present authors, were measured by using a 2-D LDV system and a laser optic fiber system combined with a sampling probe. The results show that there are both gas and particle strongly reverse flows and swirling flows in the head part of the combustor. The velocity slip between gas and particle phases is remarkable. The particle concentration is higher near the wall and lower near the axis. There are two peaks in the concentration profiles near the inlet tubes. The above-obtained flow characteristics are favorable to ignition, flame stabilization and combustion. The results can also be used to validate the numerical modeling.     

Multi-wavelength coordinated observations of ionospheric irregularity structures from an anomaly crest location during unusual solar minimum of the 24th cycle

The present paper reports coordinated ionospheric irregularity measurements at optical as well as GPS wavelengths. Optical measurements were obtained from Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) sensors installed onboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites. GPS radio signals were obtained from a dual frequency GPS receiver operational at Calcutta (22.58°N, 88.38°E geographic; geomagnetic dip: 32.96°; 13.00°N, 161.63°E geomagnetic) under the SCIntillation Network Decision Aid (SCINDA) program. Calcutta is located near the northern crest of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) in the Indian longitude sector. The observations were conducted during the unusually low and prolonged solar minima period of 2008–2010. During this period, four cases of post-sunset GPS scintillation were observed from Calcutta. Among those cases, simultaneous fluctuations in GPS Carrier-to-Noise ratios (C/N_o) and measured radiances from TIP over a common ionospheric volume were observed only on February 2, 2008 and September 25, 2008. Fluctuations observed in measured radiances (maximum 0.95 Rayleigh) from TIP due to ionospheric irregularities were found to correspond well with C/N₀ fluctuations on the GPS links observed from Calcutta, such effects being noted even during late evening hours of 21:00–22:00 LT from locations around 40° magnetic dip. These measurements indicate the existence of electron density irregularities of scale sizes varying over several decades from 135.6 nm to 300–400 m well beyond the northern crest of the EIA in the Indian longitude sector during late evening hours even in the unusually low solar activity conditions.     

锈层对过冷沸腾换热影响的实验及数值研究

针对锈层对过冷沸腾换热冷却效果的影响，本文进行了理论分析、实验研究和仿真校验。首先结合经典的过冷沸腾换热理论，分析了锈层对冷却效果影响最大的几个因素。然后进行了一组夹套内壁生锈和未生锈两种情况下冷却效果的对比实验。实验发现，内壁生锈造成入口段温度大幅升高，且温升沿流道方向递次减小。接着分析了造成该现象的几大因素，推断锈层影响了流态进而抑制了沸腾换热机制是最主要的因素，并对不同入口流态下管内沸腾换热进行数值仿真，校验了上述分析结果。最后，根据研究结论，对过冷沸腾换热中易生锈或类似的粗糙内壁槽道的设计方法提出了建议。     

NACA0012翼型跨音速测压实验研究

本文为NACA0012翼型在NH-1风洞进行跨音速二维测压实验的研究报告。文中将本风洞的实验结果与国外大风洞的相应实验结果及国内某些理论计算结果作了比较。比较表明曲线规律一致,数据符合较好,说明按现行实验方法得到的本风洞跨音速测压数据是可靠的。本文还对参考点M数、洞壁干扰修正及激波位置等问题作了简要的分析。     

高超声速双模块内转式进气道的流动特性研究-Part II 攻角影响

为了研究飞行攻角对高超声速双模块内转式进气道流动的影响,本文通过试验和仿真方法,获得了0°,4°和6°攻角条件下进气道模块内的流动结构。结果表明：在本文研究的攻角范围内,进气道均可起动,进气道压缩面侧的压力变化体现了基准流场的流动特性。在耦合作用下进气道模块间压缩面诱导的激波形态沿流向由弓形逐渐发展为钟形,并且在外压缩激波的扫掠影响下进气道的三个角区出现了强度不同的旋涡结构。进气道压缩面侧的角区旋涡随着攻角的增加而逐渐增强,而进气道出口截面上低能流区域随着攻角的增加而逐渐减小。低能流区域内的二次旋涡呈现不同的变化趋势,位于上半截面的旋涡随着攻角的增加其逐渐向上移动,而位于下半截面的旋涡位置基本保持不变。