Dynamic modeling and multi-stage integrated control method of ultra-quiet spacecraft

Space telescope ultrahigh precision pointing control requires the spacecraft platform to provide an ultra-quiet working environment. Vibration isolator rejection control and the multi-stage integrated control method is believed to be one of the best methods to improve the space telescope attitude control performance. In this paper, the fine dynamics model of multi-stage spacecraft systems is presented and the multi-stage integrated controller design techniques are provided. Effectiveness of the multi-stage integrated control approach is demonstrated by both the numerical simulation and experiment results. An integrated design and demonstrated experimental environment is developed for high-fidelity control performance assessment. The verification experiments for the space telescope attitude control and vibration control are carried out. The results show that the pointing accuracy and stability of the line-of-sight (LOS) for space telescope are improved at least one order by the multi-stage integrated control method.     

Analysis of BDS-3 distributed autonomous navigation based on BeiDou system simulation platform

Satellite autonomous navigation is an important function of the BeiDou-3 navigation System (BDS-3). Satellite autonomous navigation means that the navigation satellite uses long-term forecast ephemeris and Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) measurements to determinate its own spatial position and time reference without the support of the ground Operation and Control System (OCS) for a long time to ensure that the navigation system can normally maintain the time and space reference. This paper aims to analyze the feasibility of distributed autonomous navigation algorithms. For the first time, a ground parallel autonomous navigation test system (GPANTS) is built. The performance of distributed autonomous navigation is then analyzed using the two-way ISL ranging of BDS-3 satellites. First, the BDS simulation platform and the GPANTS are introduced. Then, the basic principles of distributed satellite autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization based on ISL measurements are summarized. Preliminary evaluation of the performance of the BDS-3 constellation autonomous navigation service under ideal conditions through simulation data. Then the performance of autonomous navigation for 22 BeiDou-3 satellites using ISL measurements is evaluated. The results show that when satellites operate autonomously for 50 days without the support of any ground station, the User Range Error (URE) of autonomous orbit determination is better than 3 m, and the time synchronization accuracy is better than 4 ns.     

热水火箭发动机实验研究

为了解热水火箭发动机的内弹道性能,分别在不同初始压强、不同啧喉直径、不同加水量的情况下进行了实验.获得了不同情况下发动机工作的数据.通过数据的分析,总结提出了发动机工作的四个阶段:初始段、过渡段、近似线性段和拖尾段;得出初始压强、喷喉直径、加水量对发动机内弹道性能的影响规律,同时发现了在发动机工作工程中,其压强曲线都是经历一个先急剧下降后缓慢下降的过程,但是当初始压强较低时,压强曲线在过渡段会出现一个短暂的先升后降的波动.分析得出:热水火箭发动机的比冲受初始压强值的影响较大,而与喷喉直径或者加水质量无关;常规火箭发动机的推力计算公式并不适用于热水火箭发动机.     

Model based Computerized Ionospheric Tomography in space and time

Reconstruction of the ionospheric electron density distribution in space and time not only provide basis for better understanding the physical nature of the ionosphere, but also provide improvements in various applications including HF communication. Recently developed IONOLAB-CIT technique provides physically admissible 3D model of the ionosphere by using both Slant Total Electron Content (STEC) measurements obtained from a GPS satellite - receiver network and IRI-Plas model. IONOLAB-CIT technique optimizes IRI-Plas model parameters in the region of interest such that the synthetic STEC computations obtained from the IRI-Plas model are in accordance with the actual STEC measurements. In this work, the IONOLAB-CIT technique is extended to provide reconstructions both in space and time. This extension exploits the temporal continuity of the ionosphere to provide more reliable reconstructions with a reduced computational load. The proposed 4D-IONOLAB-CIT technique is validated on real measurement data obtained from TNPGN-Active GPS receiver network in Turkey.     

Analysis of laser ranges and angular measurements data fusion for space debris orbit determination

In the framework of space debris, the orbit determination process is a fundamental step, both, for researchers and for satellite operators. The accurate knowledge of the orbit of space debris objects is needed to allow space debris characterization studies and to avoid unnecessary collision avoidance maneuvers.The accuracy of the results of an orbit determination process depends on several factors as the number, the accuracy, the kind of processed measurements, their distribution along the orbit, and the object-observer relative geometry. When the observation coverage of the target orbit is not homogeneous, the accuracy of the orbit determination can be improved processing different kind of observables. Recent studies showed that the satellite laser ranging technique can be successfully applied to space debris.In this paper, we will investigate the benefits of using laser ranges and angular measurements for the orbit determination process. We will analyze the influence of the number of used observations, of the covered arc of orbit, of each observable, and of the observation geometry on the estimated parameters. Finally, using data acquired on short observation arcs, we analyze the achievable accuracies for the orbital regimes with the highest space debris density, and to the consequences of the data fusion on catalog maintenance operations. The results shown are obtained using only real data (both angular and laser measurements) provided by sensors of the Swiss Optical Ground Station and Geodynamics Observatory Zimmerwald owned by the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) and for some studies also using ranges provided from other stations of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS).     

大型分段装药发动机绝热环烧蚀特性实验研究

为了研究大型分段装药发动机绝热环限燃层的烧蚀规律和特性,针对典型发动机开展了不同时刻和限燃层高度条件下三维两相流场的数值模拟,进行了限燃层表面烧蚀环境的特征分析和烧蚀状态参数提取,设计并研制了地面模拟烧蚀实验装置,开展了不同颗粒冲刷状态条件对限燃层烧蚀影响规律的实验研究,并采用扫描电镜分析了限燃层迎风面和背壁面炭化层的微观形貌。研究结果表明:(1)大型分段装药发动机流道中不同位置处绝热环限燃层表面的两相流冲刷状态不同,由于绝热环在流道中的阻碍作用,其表面形成了一种颗粒聚集浓度较低、冲刷速度较高而气相速度较低的烧蚀环境;(2)地面模拟实验结果表明绝热环限燃层的炭化烧蚀率随颗粒冲刷速度增加而增加,且增加幅度逐渐变大;(3)实验后限燃层的核心冲刷区域表面无炭化层残留,其烧蚀模式由机械剥蚀破坏效应主导。     

液体推进剂贮箱材料的电化学腐蚀行为的试验研究

通过电偶腐蚀、加速腐蚀和缝隙腐蚀试验,研究了液体推进剂贮箱材料的电化学腐蚀行为,并用光学显微镜观察了试验后的材料表面腐蚀形貌.结果表明,铝合金LF6、LD10、2219和LF3与不锈钢1Cr18 Ni9Ti和316L的电偶电流均小于0.3 A/cm2,属于A级相容;无论贮箱箱体主材料为LD10或2219,在与箱体附件材料LF3组成的电偶对中,LD10和2219均为阴极金属受到保护;2219和LD10在20℃室温、68％硝酸环境下的阳极极化曲线相似,年腐蚀速率相当.     

污染空气对乙烯燃料超声速燃烧影响的试验

为了评估污染组分对乙烯燃料超声速燃烧性能的影响,利用西北工业大学电阻加热直连式超声速燃烧室试验平台,模拟飞行Ma=4条件下的燃烧室进口条件(总压pt=760kPa,总温Tt=800K,Ma=2),开展了来流分别为纯净空气和污染空气的乙烯燃料超声速燃烧对比试验。完成了当量油气比ER=0.57,来流分别为纯净空气和污染空气(CO2摩尔浓度分别为3%,7.5%,H2O摩尔浓度为7.5%)条件下的对比试验。试验匹配了纯净空气来流与污染空气来流燃烧室进口总压、总温、氧气摩尔浓度(21%)、Ma数与当量油气比。给出了燃烧室壁面压力分布对比试验结果与分析。     

高职"机务维修"专业实训教学存在的问题及对策

近年来，高职教育机务专业在我国有了很大发展，为我国航空事业培养了大批的专业技术人才，但由于民航业的快速发展和传统教育观念的影响，机务专业在实训教学环节中显露出了一些问题与不足，针对这些问题，深入探讨了高职教育机务专业在实训教学中应采取的一些措施及对策。