固溶制度对7050铝合金微观组织和腐蚀性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等手段和电化学、浸蚀、慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)等测试方法,研究不同固溶热处理制度对7050铝合金板材微观组织和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:单级固溶将η(MgZn2)相完全溶入Al基体中,而S(Al2CuMg)相仍然大量存在,固溶度低,时效后晶内析出密度低;双级固溶使S相部分溶解,合金晶粒长大,再结晶分数高;逐级固溶使η和S相完全溶解,合金充分回复,时效后晶内析出密度高,再结晶分数低;不同固溶+T6时效态合金的抗应力腐蚀性能从大到小依次为逐级固溶>双级固溶>单级固溶。     

腐蚀/疲劳交替作用下飞机金属材料疲劳寿命计算方法

 使用环境下飞机金属结构剩余寿命评定是确定飞机结构疲劳寿命与日历寿命关系的关键。为此,本文模拟飞机结构经历的"地面腐蚀+空中疲劳"过程,提出了腐蚀/疲劳交替作用下飞机金属材料的疲劳寿命计算方法。首先,通过分析2A12-T4铝合金试样预腐蚀/疲劳试验结果,发现其在模拟腐蚀/疲劳交替作用时计算得到的疲劳寿命偏于保守。随后,根据2A12-T4铝合金试样真实的交替试验结果,采用回归算法,建立了基于均匀分布耦合损伤形式的腐蚀/疲劳交替寿命计算模型;并分别采用BP、Elman神经网络对上述模型的计算结果进行验证。结果表明,本文提出的均匀分布耦合损伤模型计算结果与真实试验结果吻合较好;通过进一步的计算与试验对比发现,该模型也可以用于加载循环与腐蚀周期组合发生变化时的疲劳寿命预测,具有较好的适用性。     

16Co14Ni10Cr2Mo钢力学性能与应力腐蚀行为

研究了１６Ｃｏ１４Ｎｉ１０Ｃｒ２Ｍｏ钢不同温度回火５ｈ强度、冲击韧性、断裂韧性和应力腐蚀性能（在３．５％ＮａＣｌ水溶液中）。在５１０℃回火可以获得较高的强度，最高的断裂韧性及抗应力腐蚀性能，此时Ｋ＿（ＩＳＣＣ）可达，Ｋ＿（ＩＣ）为，屈服强度为１５８０ＭＰａ。应力腐蚀性能（ＳＣＣ）的改善主要与在较高温度回火，使Ｍｏ＿２Ｃ共格造成的应力下降，位错亚结构的恢复及碳化物的粗化，并导致氢的偏聚下降有关。     

1420 铝锂合金锻件开裂原因分析与控制

某产品用1420 铝锂合金锻件在存放过程中发生开裂。本文通过对失效锻件进行形貌观察以及

断口、金相和力学性能分析,结合此锻件的制造工艺,分析认为:此锻件的开裂属于延迟开裂;锻件小端转角区

(R 区)存在较大的应力,淬火水冷阶段在R 区内表面形成微小表层裂纹;长期的存放过程中,锻件表面受到腐

蚀,发生应力腐蚀;微裂纹在残余应力及应力腐蚀的作用下缓慢扩展直至发生失稳扩展形成宏观贯穿裂纹,致

使锻件开裂。通过车光锻件内外表面及车光后的荧光检查,有效地预防了此类开裂故障的发生。

     

金属腐蚀“3等线”和试验日历寿命确定方法

为了探讨金属日历寿命,通过理论分析和试验研究,发现金属腐蚀的一种等湿等温等时线,它在腐蚀损伤与试验溶液浓度d坐标系中是一条直线,在这条直线上每一点的腐蚀试验湿度、温度和时间各自保持相等,简称腐蚀"3等线"。通过"3等线"与其他综合研究,推导出试验日历寿命计算公式和确定方法。同时又进行了腐蚀损伤与腐蚀时间的线性规律和腐蚀"3等线"存在的试验验证。     

三维等损伤环境谱的编制原理和方法

研究给出了一种真实使用环境的温度、湿度和时间三维日历寿命定寿谱。它包含:使用环境的原始参数的实测和统计,参数合并和等腐蚀损伤折算,使用环境下的3个参数任意组合的三维谱编制。该三维谱可根据日历寿命计算或试验需要,编制成多级温度和多级湿度谱,也可编制成一级温度和一级湿度谱。从理论上讲,由于这些不同的谱具有相同损伤,因此最终计算和试验给出的日历寿命相等,从而可消除腐蚀领域的"当量折算"这个不准确环节,使日历寿命确定更加可靠。     

Investigation on a Sol-gel Coating Containing Inhibitors on 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy

For a long time, chromate incorporated conversion coatings have been drawn special attention in corrosion protection of air-craft-used aluminum alloys. However,ever-increasing environmental pressures requires that non-chromate conversion coatings be developed because of the detrimental carcinogenic effects of the chromate compounds. In recent years, the sol-gel coatings doped with inhibitors were developed to replace chromate conversion coatings, and showed real promise. A sol-gel coating was prepared and its anti-corrosion behavior was investigated using the potentiodynamic scanning (PDS) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is found that the sol-gel coating obtained by the hydrolysis and condensation of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) is prone to form defects if cured at the room temperature, whereas if cured at a higher temperature (100 ℃), these flaws can be avoided. Furthermore, it can be seen that addition of anti-foam agents and surfactants will reduce the faults if cured at the room temperature. Effects of the corrosion inhibitors, CeCl3 and mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), in the sol-gel coatings on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were also investigated. Results show that the corrosion resistance of the sol-gel coatings containing CeCl3 proves to be better than that of the pure and MBT added sol-gel coatings by the electrochemical methods.     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl^- ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl^- ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples passivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those passivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti：Ni = 9.01：1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

飞机结构搭接件腐蚀三维裂纹扩展特性分析

通过对某型退役飞机分解检查,发现搭接件在腐蚀产物的膨胀作用下产生了裂纹。采用20节点等参奇异元,运用三维有限元法分析含半椭圆裂纹的飞机结构搭接件的应力应变状态,通过计算裂纹前缘典型部位的应力强度因子,预测了裂纹的扩展趋势,分析了其危害性。结果表明,搭接件半椭圆形裂纹以较小的形状比(a/b)扩展,在较长阶段内并不会扩展到外表面。所以裂纹具有隐蔽性,对飞机安全构成潜在的威胁。     

LY12-CZ铝合金预腐蚀及疲劳损伤研究

对实验室环境下LY12-CZ铝合金进行了预腐蚀及疲劳寿命与剩余强度的预测研究。在不同的温度及不同的腐蚀天数条件下,对试验件进行预腐蚀,按ASTMG34-1标准人工产生腐蚀坑,获得了腐蚀损伤数据,随后进行疲劳试验,初步建立了腐蚀损伤与疲劳寿命降低之间的关系。在试验研究基础上,用AFGROW软件模拟腐蚀损伤及腐蚀坑深度的不同对试件疲劳寿命和剩余强度产生的影响,建立了预测含腐蚀损伤试件的疲劳寿命与剩余强度的有效的工程方法。