Open framework for objective evaluation of crater detection algorithms with first test-field subsystem based on MOLA data

Crater Detection Algorithms (CDAs) applications range from estimation of lunar/planetary surface age to autonomous landing on planets and asteroids and advanced statistical analyses. A large amount of work on CDAs has already been published. However, problems arise when evaluation results of some new CDA have to be compared with already published evaluation results. The problem is that different authors use different test-fields, different Ground-Truth (GT) catalogues, and even different methodologies for evaluation of their CDAs. Re-implementation of already published CDAs or its evaluation environment is a time-consuming and unpractical solution to this problem. In addition, implementation details are often insufficiently described in publications. As a result, there is a need in research community to develop a framework for objective evaluation of CDAs. A scientific question is how CDAs should be evaluated so that the results are easily and reliably comparable. In attempt to solve this issue we first analyzed previously published work on CDAs. In this paper, we propose a framework for solution of the problem of objective CDA evaluation. The framework includes: (1) a definition of the measure for differences between craters; (2) test-field topography based on the 1/64° MOLA data; (3) the GT catalogue wherein each of 17,582 craters is aligned with MOLA data and confirmed with catalogues by N.G. Barlow et al. and J.F. Rodionova et al.; (4) selection of methodology for training and testing; and (5) a Free-response Receiver Operating Characteristics (F-ROC) curves as a way to measure CDA performance. The handling of possible improvements of the framework in the future is additionally addressed as a part of discussion of results. Possible extensions with additional test-field subsystems based on visual images, data sets for other planets, evaluation methodologies for CDAs developed for different purposes than cataloguing of craters, are proposed as well. The goal of the proposed framework is to contribute to the research community by establishing guidelines for objective evaluation of CDAs.     

返回舱弹道重建与黑障区弹道再现研究

对于飞船返回舱，黑障区弹道再现是再人飞行试验气动分析工作的重要环节。利用舱上测量数据和有限的雷达测量数据重构飞行弹道，是黑障区弹道再现的有效方法。本文建立了返回舱弹道重建的数学模型，包括运动学模型、观测模型、测量误差模型，从而将返回舱弹道重建问题转化为一个非线性动态系统的参数辨识问题。给出了基于极大似然判据和Newton-Raphson迭代的弹道重建算法。对某飞船返回舱的飞行试验数据进行了计算和分析，结果证实了弹道重建数学模型的正确性和算法的可行性。通过弹道重建，不仅再现了黑障区的弹道，而且提供了可靠的、完整的弹道数据。     

先进战斗机效能分析研究

OODA理论是对抗决策领域中著名的军事理论,在作战样式和作战过程模拟中,有广泛而深入的应用。本文通过建立空战过程的OODA模型和空战优势判据集,结合计算机模拟等手段,得出满足特定优势等级的先进战斗机能力需求。设定先进战斗机不同的初始条件（携导弹射程,隐身能力等）,可以得出不同参数对飞机能力需求的敏感度影响。     

虚拟维修人体模型姿态舒适性评估库的设计与开发

通过分析常用人机系统标准和方法,提出了虚拟维修人体模型姿态舒适性评估库的内部结构和组成,并进行了评估库准则、评分细则和等级表示的设计.论述了基于DELMIA人机模块的应用开发框架,结合沉浸式虚拟现实环境下直升机的某一典型虚拟维修性活动,对虚拟维修人体模型姿态舒适性评估库设计与开发的效果进行了实例验证,并作了相应总结.     

Virtual flight test techniques to predict a blended-wing-body aircraft in-flight departure characteristics

As one of the promising configurations of the next generation of commercial aircraft,research on departure characteristics of the Blended-Wing-Body(BWB) is of great signification to safe flight limits. A three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF) virtual flight test in a wind tunnel has been implemented for a candidate configuration to predict the departure characteristics. The support mechanism, the test model and the control law of the virtual flight test are introduced. In order to show the relationship ...     

通道间延迟时间差评价结果的不确定度

介绍了四参数正弦波最小二乘法评价通道间延迟时间差指标及不确定度分析和评价过程，同时给出了一个分析评价实例。该过程及结论可应用在对于测量标准进行相应指标的不确定度分析上，也可用于估计指标本身的不确定度。     

洛氏硬度标准装置不确定度的评定

详细给出了洛氏硬度标准装置不确定度的评定方法及步骤。     

选拔任用干部要注重社会公论

用什么样的标准选拔、任用干部，这是一个非常严肃而又重要的问题。本文论述了社会公论标准的内涵及主要内容；社会公论标准同以个人好恶为标准的根本区别；坚持社会公论标准的基本途径以及按社会公论标准选人用人的重要意义等。     

投资项目评价系统的设计

介绍投资项目评价系统的设计思想与原则，阐述了该系统的模块设计及系统的主要功能。     

无人机地面站人机工效综合评价研究

无人机地面站发展日趋综合复杂,为了减轻地面站操作员工作负荷,避免飞行事故发生,保证高效、安全地完成飞行任务,开展无人机地面站人机工效评价方法研究十分重要.分析无人机地面站人机工效评价特点;借鉴有人驾驶飞机人机工效评价力法,利用德尔菲法,明确无人机地面站人机工效综合评价的评价指标,提出地面站人机工效评价专家调查表的构架及其内容;并探索无人机地面站人机工效评价方法.实例研究表明：本文提出的评价指标和方法可以满足无人机地面站人机工效评价需求,可为无人机地面站人机工效评价提供一定借鉴.