形态句法视角下教师话语错误分析

随着双语教学走进中国课堂,教师话语分析研究开始受到越来越多的关注.这是因为双语教学中的教师话语不仅起到信息传递和教学活动管理的作用,而且更构成了学习者的主要外语输入渠道.本文拟将通过一项工科双语开放课程的实证研究,从形态句法角度对本课程教师话语中的主要错误进行归纳整理,并在此基础之上从三大维度推导出错误诱因.     

Regional gravity field model in Pakistan area from the combination of CHAMP,GRACE and ground data using least squares collocation: A case study

This study describes a methodology of recovery of the Earth’s gravity field from CHAMP and GRACE satellites data in Pakistan using least squares collocation (LSC) based downward continuation technique. The CHAMP height anomalies and GRACE gravity disturbances derived from the observed satellite data have been used in combination solution using LSC with observed gravity values at the Earth surface. The combined covariance functions of height anomalies and/or gravity disturbances at satellite altitudes and observed gravity anomalies at Earth surface have been used as the basis for combination and downward continuation solution. The variance of predicted gravity anomalies from GRACE gravity disturbances is relatively lower than the corresponding results of gravity anomalies from CHAMP height anomalies. This fact may be attributed partly to the amplification of noise and partly to the unstable inverse transformation process of height anomalies to gravity anomalies. The impact of data error variance has been studied in the context of smoothing and noise reduction in the final solution of downward continuation using least squares collocation. The raising of data error suppresses the noise and as a result a smooth final solution is obtained. The prediction results appear to be dependent on the quality of data and goodness of combined covariance function, which are fairly comparable for the CHAMP and GRACE data. The recovered gravity field from satellite data appears to contribute mainly to medium and long wavelength parts of total gravity field spectrum. Due to flexibility of data handling in least squares collocation, this procedure is applicable to any observable of gravity field being at different altitudes and with different data spacing.     

弹簧管式压力表的示值误差及调整方法

对弹簧管式压力表在使用中产生的各种示值误差进行了分析,阐述了消除弹簧管式压力表示值误差的调整方法。     

卡尔曼平滑的自校准技术

介绍了卡尔曼平滑技术的固定区间平滑方法，推导了非线性时变模型的固定区间平滑公式，并将之应用到轨道约束自校准技术中，且导出了相应公式。     

六分力试验台静态误差分析与调整

本文用最大误差方法,对固体火箭发动机六分力立式试验台的静态误差进行了分析.分析结果是,其静态误差主要来源于动架纵轴的调整.并建立了发动机推力偏心距和推力偏心角的静态误差计算公式.文中也谈到减小立式试验台静态误差的调整方法.     

液压材料试验机的误差分析及调修（1）

叙述了液压材料试验机的结构、工作原理及各种参数变化对误差的影响和提高准确调整的方法，以及同轴度引起的试验误差。     

雷达测量时标误差修正模型研究

研究了任务中出现的雷达测量时标误差现象，用数据比对及差分法对该问题进行分析，采用面积及残差方差最优的方法确定时标误差的采样点数，利用提出的方法分析并解决了跟踪雷达测量数据可能出现的时标误差问题，验证了方法的正确性和有效性。     

SAR天线功率方向图误差补偿的新方法

首先提出了一种经济而有效的仅改变激励相位的新方法来补偿ＳＡＲ天线功率方向图误差；其次讨论了ＳＡＲ天线在温度载荷作用下的特定的“缓慢变化”的系统变形；然后给出了一些算例以验证方法的有效性；最后给出了一些重要结论。     

现代误差理论及其基本问题

简述误差理论的产生与发展过程，指出了经典误差理论存在的问题，并进一步论述了现代误差理论的特征及其基本内容。     

大气阻力摄动计算方法及误差分析

探索了大气阻力摄动精密计算方法，以提高卫星空间位置的预报精度。根据大气阻力摄动的基本原理，给出两种摄动计算方法，即半分析半数值方法和数值积分方法。选用三种高层大气模型：ＣＩＲＡ－１９８６、ＣＩＲＡ－１９７２和ＤＴＭ模型，分批 太阳活动中高年水平（Ｆ１０．７取为１５０，２００，２５０）和１０％－２０％的模型误差引起卫星空间位置的误差δＰ。结果显示：（１）太阳活动Ｆ１０．７的大小对δＰ的影响明显，在同