蜂窝夹层板超高速撞击极限方程分析

为分析撞击极限方程对蜂窝夹层结构的穿透特性的预测能力,调研得到了3类撞击极限方程的表达形式和等效方法,以及131个采用碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)面板的蜂窝夹层板结构的试验数据,并对撞击极限方程的预测能力进行了比较计算。结果发现,MET方程对他源数据的四种(未失效、失效、总体以及安全)预测率均大于80%,进行在轨航天器结构的失效分析时可优先选用;SRL方程对本源数据的安全预测率达到了100%,在他源数据上的安全预测率也很高,适用于航天器防护结构设计。探讨了撞击极限方程中的系数、速度分界值的优化思路,以提高撞击极限方程的预测率。     

Modeling and Optimal Design of 3 Degrees of Freedom Helmholtz Resonator in Hydraulic System

Three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) Helmholtz resonator which consists of three cylindrical necks and cavities connected in series (neck-cavity-neck-cavity-neck-cavity) is suitable to reduce flow pulsation in hydraulic system. A novel lumped parameter model (LPM) of 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system is developed which considers the viscous friction loss of hydraulic fluid in the necks. Applying the Newton’s second law of motion to the equivalent mechanical model of the resonator, closed-form expression of transmission loss and resonance frequency is presented. Based on the LPM, an optimal design method which employs rotate vector optimization method (RVOM) is proposed. The purpose of the optimal design is to search the resonator’s unknown parameters so that its resonance frequencies can coincide with the pump-induced flow pulsation harmonics respectively. The optimal design method is realized to design 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator for a certain type of aviation piston pump hydraulic system. The optimization result shows the feasibility of this method, and the simulation under optimum parameters reveals that the LPM can get the same precision as transfer matrix method (TMM).     

角速率输入条件下圆锥误差补偿算法

针对捷联惯导系统中利用角速率拟合角增量进行圆锥误差补偿精度下降和实时性变差的问题,提出了一种直接利用陀螺的角速率输出进行圆锥误差补偿的算法,利用角速率的叉乘项来拟合圆锥误差补偿项,并推导了四子样圆锥误差补偿算法的具体表达形式,并从本质上阐述了圆锥误差的存在机理。在典型圆锥运动条件下通过对所提算法的仿真并和理论解析解的做差比较,验证了所提算法的可行性和有效性。     

一种改进的基于双矢量观测的姿态确定算法

为了提高飞行器姿态确定的精度和姿态矩阵的解算速度,提出了一种改进的双矢量定姿算法.这种算法利用测量系统的方差对两个观测矢量进行加权处理,求得一个新的矢量,以两观测矢量夹角为判断依据选取加权系数;以新矢量为基准矢量,利用双矢量定姿算法求解姿态矩阵,并对求得的姿态矩阵进行修正.仿真结果表明:这种算法所需时间为优化算法的50%,当两个传感器测量误差不同、两矢量为任意夹角时,这种算法比优化的双矢量算法精度高;当两个传感器测量误差相同时,除了两矢量夹角为90°外,这种算法均比优化的双矢量算法精度高.     

一种改进的直接转矩控制算法

分析了转矩角与定转子磁链角速度及电机速度的关系,提出一种新的直接转矩控制算法.通过转矩角增量和定转子磁链的位置,计算出补偿转矩和定子磁链的参考电压矢量,基于空间矢量调制技术实现对逆变器电压状态的控制,改善了系统的性能.给出了仿真结果,证明了算法的合理性和有效性.     

旋转激光陀螺惯导系统误差传播特性分析

设计旋转式惯导系统(INS, Inertial Navigation System)最重要的工作是理清旋转调制误差自动补偿机理、掌握补偿前后误差的传播特性,在此基础上设计合理的转位方案,并对其进行仿真和试验验证.结合单轴旋转式惯导系统工作原理和误差传播方程,解释了旋转调制误差自动补偿的机理,利用理论和仿真两种手段分析了单轴旋转惯导系统中惯性元件常值误差、随机误差、标度因数误差和安装误差的传播特性,得到了旋转调制对惯性器件误差的调制效果,验证了单轴正反转停方案的有效性和应用的合理性.研究结果为旋转式激光陀螺(LG, Laser Gyroscope)惯导系统的设计提供了理论参考和设计依据.     

基于电动舵机的健康仿真与评估方法研究

综述了国内外开展飞行器健康相关研究的现状,强调了考虑渐变过程对于健康仿真的重要性。以某型飞行器电动舵机为研究对象,建立了舵机系统的非线性仿真模型。通过分析组成电动舵机各个环节的健康模式与模型参数的映射关系,阐述了建立健康模型开展健康仿真的方法,并结合测点仿真数据和多维向量相似度、遗传算法的原理,提出了健康指标的计算和优化方法,达到健康评估的目的。最后,以simulink环境下的仿真实例对上述方法的可行性进行了初步验证。     

基于SVM辨识的涡扇发动机全包线稳态控制方法

针对涡扇发动机全飞行包线范围稳态最优控制器的设计问题,首先根据不同飞行条件下发动机各工作状态的稳态“小偏差”线性模型,采用线性二次型调节器(LQR)分别设计得到相应的发动机最优线性控制器参数,然后将所得到的线性控制器用支持向量机方法进行非线性逼近,得到控制器参数的支持向量机辨识模型,以满足发动机全包线、全状态稳态控制的需要.支持向量机模型的输入为飞行高度、马赫数和稳态转速,输出为线性控制器参数.应用实例表明:该方法在全包线范围内对发动机最优稳态控制器的逼近误差均在2%以内,能较好满足控制精度要求.      

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

复杂时变激励下失谐叶盘瞬态强迫响应分析

提出一种高效的失谐叶盘瞬态强迫响应分析方法,不同于传统的数值积分方法,该方法推导出瞬态强迫响应的解析表达式,能更为高效地预测失谐叶盘的瞬态强迫响应。首先,对叶盘的高保真有限元模型进行减缩建模,在精确地描述叶盘结构的动力学特性的前提下,极大的减少了模型的自由度数目。其次,模拟加速旋转的涡轮叶盘经过复杂流场时叶片表面上的气动载荷,并建立叶盘固有频率和振型随转速变化的数学函数;通过共振分析确定叶盘共振的转速区间并分析引起共振的激励阶次成分。最后,计算了不同旋转加速度和阻尼下叶盘的瞬态强迫响应,并对叶盘的失谐幅值放大因子进行研究。应用本办法对某86个叶片的涡轮叶盘进行了数值分析,结果表明,相同阻尼水平下,叶盘的瞬态强迫响应幅值随旋转加速度增加而降低,失谐幅值放大因子在瞬态条件下大于稳态条件下,最高可达30%。