发动机喷管加载系统设计与仿真技术研究

发动机喷管加载系统可根据载荷谱实现喷管内流及外流载荷的叠加模拟。文中开展了发动机喷管加载系统设计与仿真技术研究,设计了一种喷管加载系统,并进行了仿真验证,结果表明：喷管加载系统载荷控制性能良好,能够较好的实现加载功能。通过喷管加载系统可以给A9作动器施加运动过程中的载荷,对于喷管作动器的研究具有重要的意义。     

A novel framework for liquid propellant engine’s cooling system design by sensitivity analysis based on RSM and multi-objective optimization using PSO

One of the challenges of combustion chamber and nozzle design in a Liquid Propellant Engine (LPE) is to predict the behavior and performance of the cooling system. Therefore, while designing, the optimization of the cooling system is always of great importance. This paper presents the multi-objective optimization of the LPE’s cooling system. To this end, a novel framework has been developed, resulting from the application of the Response Surface Method (RSM) and the correlation coefficients matrix, sensitivity analysis and the The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). based on this method, the input variables, constraints, objective functions, and their surfaces were identified. In terms of multi-optimization algorithms, RSM and PSO are utilized to get global optimum. In conclusion, the methodology capability is to optimize the LPE’s cooling system, 6 percentage increase in total heat transfer and 7 bar decrease cooling system pressure loss, which resulted in a 1.2-seconds increase in the specific impulse of the engine.     

三轴承矢量喷管红外辐射特性

针对涡扇发动机用三轴承矢量喷管（3BSN）,通过数值模拟的方法研究了在巡航和垂直起降（VTOL）状态即非矢量和90°矢量状态下三轴承矢量喷管的红外辐射空间分布特征,并分析了其影响机理。结果表明,在非矢量状态下由于特殊的几何型面使得喷管下壁面出现了局部高温区,喷流形状也变成椭圆锥形,造成垂直探测面上正探测角壁面红外辐射较负探测角最大增加44.6%,水平探测面上的燃气红外辐射大于垂直探测面;90°矢量状态下,由于偏转的喷管结构对前端高温部件的遮挡,总辐射峰值仅为非矢量状态的43.3%;喷管90°矢量偏转使得远离曲率中心一侧的气流速度降低温度升高,喷管外侧出现了大范围的局部高温区,导致垂直探测面负探测角范围的壁面辐射大于正探测角范围,最大相对差值达到71.9%。喷管偏转也遮挡了部分喷管内部的高温燃气,垂直探测面负探测角的仅能覆盖喷管出口处的高温燃气区域,明显小于正探测角,造成燃气辐射出现了20%的最大相对差值。     

S-08钢真空熔模精密铸造工艺研究

通过工艺试验和系统分析,研究出一套用真空感应铸造炉生产S-08钢铸件的工艺方法,解决S—08钢真空熔模精密铸造过程中的关键工艺技术问题,使S-08钢铸造的液氧／煤油发动机低压壳体、氧主阀下壳体等关键铸件满足高压、高冲击的负荷指标。     

高速飞行器用射流预冷却涡轮基发动机性能模拟

根据预冷却涡轮基发动机的工作机理,建立了考虑变比热的计算预冷却涡轮基发动机性能的数学模型,编制了相应的计算软件;并以某小型涡喷发动机为例,沿飞行轨迹计算分析了射流预冷却对发动机性能的影响。从计算结果可以看出,采用喷流预冷却方式,可以大大扩展常规涡轮喷气发动机的工作范围,能够满足高速飞行器或两级入轨飞行器第一级动力装置的要求。     

Influence of fuel injection position and equivalent mixture ratio on chemical non-equilibrium effects of single expansion ramp nozzle

Chemical non-equilibrium flow was investigated for the scramjet single expansion ramp nozzle(SERN) with a strut-based liquid-kerosene-fueled combustor.Two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations were solved with the species conservation equation for continuous phase and the renormalization group(RNG) k-ε turbulence model.Lagrangian discrete-phase model was analyzed for liquid-kerosene droplets behavior in the supersonic stream.Combustion was simulated by kerosene surrogate fuel's 10-species and 13-step reduced reaction kinetics mechanism with use of Arrhenius's laminar finite rate model.Parametric studies were carried out to estimate the influence of different fuel injection positions and equivalent mixture ratios on the SERN chemical non-equilibrium effects.Numerical calculation results show that the strut-based combustor enables convenient modeling of various SERN entry conditions,which is similar with many preceding investigations,by changing the injector strut position and controlling the mass flow rate of each injector.Chemical non-equilibrium effects function in the whole SERN,especially in the initial flow expansion region,leads to obviously higher SERN performance of the non-equilibrium flow than that of the frozen flow.Furthermore,the distributed fuel injection pattern plays a significant role in enhancing the combustion efficiency in combustor,but weakening the chemical non-equilibrium effects funciton in SERN.Additionally,while the equivalent mixture ratio increases,the SERN thrust coefficient and lift coefficient rise gradually,and the increment of non-equilibrium flow in relation to frozen flow becomes higher as well.To be specific,the equivalent mixture ratio is 0.6,the maximum increment of thrust coefficient and lift coefficient are 11.6% and 25% respectively.      

射线追踪法在球面收敛调节片喷管RCS计算中的应用

结合射线追踪法的原理,利用自主开发的电磁散射特性计算程序,对具有不同尾缘修型的球面收敛调节片喷管进行了数值模拟计算,分别得到了不同喷管内部腔体散射场和喷管出口边缘绕射场的雷达散射截面积(RCS),并且通过计算获得了不同入射方位角上喷管腔体内壁面上的感应电流,通过对感应电流的分析,从本质上解释了RCS的变化规律.研究结果表明:对喷管出口尾缘所采用的修型措施在降低喷管出口边缘绕射场的RCS和改善喷管电磁隐身性能方面效果显著;相对于普通的遮挡算法,射线追踪法将计算周期缩短了21%以上,明显地提高了计算效率;利用感应电流的分析方法能够清晰直观地从本质上解释RCS的变化规律,并且具有较高的可靠性.      

Detonation engine fed by acetylene–oxygen mixture

The advantages of a constant volume combustion cycle as compared to constant pressure combustion in terms of thermodynamic efficiency has focused the search for advanced propulsion on detonation engines. Detonation of acetylene mixed with oxygen in various proportions is studied using mathematical modeling. Simplified kinetics of acetylene burning includes 11 reactions with 9 components. Deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) is obtained in a cylindrical tube with a section of obstacles modeling a Shchelkin spiral; the DDT takes place in this section for a wide range of initial mixture compositions. A modified ka-omega turbulence model is used to simulate flame acceleration in the Shchelkin spiral section of the system. The results of numerical simulations were compared with experiments, which had been performed in the same size detonation chamber and turbulent spiral ring section, and with theoretical data on the Chapman–Jouguet detonation parameters.     

固体发动机喷管烧蚀和温度场测量

介绍了含铝复合推进剂发动机试验时,对其喷管进行的烧蚀和温度场测量,获得了复合喷管结构中的烧蚀和瞬时温度分布.     

喷管内缝隙流场与热环境数值模拟研究

用有限元素法数值模拟了固体火箭发动机喷管内缝隙的流场和热环境。采用非结构的高分辨率的有限元离散格式,计算了不同攻角和不同Ｍａ数的缝隙内压力分布和气动加热,分析了缝隙内流场和热环境特性,数值结果与风洞实验结果符合很好。