热气机活塞十字头摩擦学与动力学的耦合分析

为了研究热气机活塞十字头结构摩擦学及动力学特性,本文在三维形貌测量的基础上进行连接副的接触分析得到了其连接副摩擦学特性,建立了耦合摩擦学特性的热气机活塞组动力学模型,对比分析了计算结果与实测值,结果表明：热气机不同工况下其主密封摩擦功耗的计算值与试验值的误差不超过10%,验证了摩擦学计算和建模方法的正确性;当二阶运动较为柔和时,随十字头横向运动的挤压油膜在其对应推力面产生梯度均匀的压力分布,而剧烈的二阶运动造成十字头边缘与缸套碰撞产生局部高达30 MPa的油膜总压;活塞十字头产生了远大于导引环、杆密封的侧推力,杆密封结构因属接触式密封而产生近600 W的摩擦功耗,远大于十字头和导引环的摩擦功耗;因处于气膜润滑状态,导引环产生的侧推力和摩擦功耗较小,计算时可忽略不计;侧推力中的较高频率分量源于十字头与缸套间的摩擦学特性,在热气机动力学求解中应考虑摩擦学的影响,以提高其求解精度。     

中心支板参数对RBCC发动机性能影响研究

针对某宽域加速飞行任务下RBCC发动机中心支板主要几何参数设计问题，采用全流道一体化数值模拟方法，在Ma 0.4-6速域内研究支板阻塞比、顶角及长宽比等参数对发动机引射、亚/超燃模态的性能影响规律。结果表明，随着阻塞比增大，各模态下空气流动受压缩作用增强，燃烧反应更加充分，发动机总推力有0.13%-5%的提升；随着顶角增大，除Ma 2.5工况由流道截面构型变化引起激波形成外，增强的支板前缘激波使得燃烧反应位置较为集中，燃料喷注贯穿主流深度提高，较为充分的燃烧释热使得发动机总推力有2.2%-5.7%的提升；随着长宽比减小，在Ma 0.4-4条件下，增大的流道面积有利于煤油横向扩展，较好的氧燃掺混使得发动机总推力有2%-4.8%的提升，而在Ma 6条件下，支板前缘激波的减速增压作用逐渐减弱，发动机总推力可降低5.2%-7.1%。所得结论可为RBCC发动机中心支板设计参数选择提供依据。     

Vector deflection stability control of aero-engine based on linear active disturbance rejection

Aimed at the problem of instability in engine control caused by vector deflection in experiment of turbofan engines with Axisymmetric Vectoring Exhaust Nozzle (AVEN), a vector deflection stability control method of aero-engine based on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) is proposed. Firstly, based on CFD numerical simulation, aerodynamic performance model of AVEN is established, and the aerodynamic load change rule of the nozzle throat area actuator during vector deflection is revealed. Subsequently, the integrated model of AVEN/turbofan engine is established by Simulink/AMESim co-simulation. Finally, the nozzle throat area control loop based on LADRC is designed. The simulation results show that the integrated model can reflect the influence of vector deflection on the stability of the control system. The accuracy comparison between the fan rotor speed and the test data during vector deflection is larger than 1%, indicating a high degree of confidence. Compared with the conventional PID control, the designed LADRC control loop reduces the speed of the low-pressure rotor during vector deflection by 70%, which effectively improves the control stability of the vector deflection. Meanwhile, the fuel flow ratechange during the vector deflection process is smaller and more economical, which provides an important reference for engineering applications.