Plastic wrinkling model and characteristics of shear enforced Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints and differential temperature fields

Plastic wrinkling predictions and shear enforced wrinkling characteristics of Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints have become key problems urgently in need of solutions in order to improve forming quality in their shear bending processes under differential temperature fields. To address this, a wrinkling wave function was developed by considering their shear bend deformation characteristics. Based on this wave function and the thin shell theory, an energy prediction model for this type of wrinkling was established. This model enables considera-tion of the effects of shear deformation zone ranges, material parameters, loading modes, and fric-tion coefficients between tube and dies on the minimum wrinkling energy. Tube wrinkling sensitive zones (WSZs) can be revealed by combining this wrinkling prediction model with a thermal-mechanical coupled finite element model for simulating these bending processes. The reliability of this wrinkling prediction model was verified, and an investigation into the tube wrinkling char-acteristics was carried out based on the experimental conditions. This found that the WSZs are located on either a single side or both sides of the maximum shear stress zone. When the friction coefficients between the tube and the various dies coincide, the WSZs are located on both sides. The larger the value of the tube inner corner radius and/or the smaller the value of the outer corner radius, the smaller the wrinkling probability. With an increase in the value of the moving die dis-placement, the wrinkling probability increases at first, and then decreases.     

平流层飞艇的能源技术和平衡分析

平流层飞艇作为近空间对地观测平台的一种实现方案，主要依靠自身庞大体积产生的静浮力而不像其它飞行器依靠相对空气运动产生升力，所以飞艇能够以较慢的速度飞行甚至能够在空中长期保持定点悬停即相对地面静止。具有长时间在平流层自主飞行的能力，是平流层飞艇设计的一个重要目标。文章对平流层飞艇能源系统的构成、部件及能源平衡分析方法作了介绍。     

末端能量管理段迭代校正轨道算法研究

针对航天器进入末端能量管理段接口处时位置和航迹偏角存在大范围摄动的问题，提出一种使用迭代校正法的轨道快速生成算法。该算法可以根据航天器的具体初始状态，自动选择直接进场或者间接进场策略，快速生成可行的参考轨迹。首先通过跟踪轨迹地面投影实现侧向制导；根据末端能量管理段的起始点与终点的高度与速度约束生成参考动压-高度剖面，并跟踪此剖面实现纵向制导。然后采用迭代校正计算快速确定航向校准柱的位置与最终半径两个参数用以调整航程，保证航天器在末端的所有状态满足自动着陆段接口的边界约束。仿真结果校验了该算法可以根据航天器的具体状态快速生成符合约束条件的末端能量管理段飞行轨道，具有很好的鲁棒控制性能。     

西飞公司应用振动时效技术的现状及前景分析

通过介绍振动时效的原理、工艺特点及其应用情况，并与热时效进行了对比，进而阐述了振动时效技术的优点及工艺局限性，并就在西飞公司的应用前景进行了分析，指出为提高产品质量和效率，应积极开展振动时效技术的研究。     

Low light intensity effects on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant capacity,yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth stages in BLSS

Minimizing energy consumption and maximizing crop productivity are major challenges to growing plants in Bioregenerative Life Support System (BLSS) for future long-term space mission. As a primary source of energy, light is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of low light intensity at different stages on growth, pigment composition, photosynthetic efficiency, biological production and antioxidant defence systems of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars during ontogenesis. Experiments were divided into 3 intensity-controlled stages according to growth period (a total of 65 days): seedling stage (first 20 days), heading and flowering stage (middle 30 days) and grain filling stage (last 15 days). Initial light condition of the control was 420 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and the light intensity increased with the growth of wheat plants. The light intensities of group I and II at the first stage and the last stage were adjusted to the half level of the control respectively. For group III, the first and the last stage were both adjusted to half level of the control. During the middle 30 days, all treatments were kept the same intensity. The results indicated that low-light treatment at seedling stage, biomass, nutritional contents, components of inedible biomass and healthy index (including peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content) of wheat plants have no significant difference to the control. Furthermore, unit kilojoule yield of group I reached 0.591 × 10⁻³ g/kJ and induced the highest energy efficiency. However, low-light treatment at grain filling stage affected the final production significantly.     

几种流量测量仪表的选择与节能

对国内能源系统常用的几种工业流量测量仪表实际应用选择及节能问题，简要地进行了原理分析和实际应用分析，供使用者优选流量仪表参考。     

Drought prediction using the Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR2) on board ERS2 satellite

Frequent monitoring and estimation of the areas under drought danger is important for agriculture, hydrology, weather, natural hazards and crop yield prediction.     

基于DSP与单片机双机系统的电能质量监测装置

电能质量监控装置在硬件上采用TI公司的C2000系列DSP作为主运算单元,WINBOND公司的W78E58单片机作为主要外设控制单元,在软件上使用了MATLAB算法模拟功能和uC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操作系统,设计出一款电能质量监测装置,对提高电能供电质量提供了保障.     

锥形腔高能量激光能量计后向散射问题研究

高能量激光能量的准确计量对于相关研究至关重要。量热法是测量高能量激光能量的一种有效方法,其中涉及到的入射激光在能量计吸收腔内的后向散射总能量,是一个关键参量,它的准确测定与计量,将大大提高高能量激光能量计量的准确性。依据能量计内表面与入射激光相互作用的光学定律,详细推导了锥形吸收腔内入射激光光束能量的分布函数,并结合复化辛普森数值计算方法,分析和讨论了吸收腔结构一定时,环形和矩形两种不同光斑形状的高能量激光在锥形能量计吸收腔开口处的后向散射光功率密度分布和后向散射总功率以及它们对能量测量结果的影响。     

The energy release of substorm and magnetic storm: Its present state and future improvements by KuaFu mission

Considering the KuaFu mission, state of the energy release of substorm and storm is simply presented and it’s improvements by KuaFu mission are investigated. The KuaFu mission will provide us an opportunity to improve our understanding of the energy release during the storm and the substorms. The two KuaFu-B satellites flying in 180° phase-lagged formation in a polar orbit will allow synoptic observations of the auroral oval, central plasma sheet, ring current and other regions. It can monitor the polar region 24/7 continuously. The advantage of the KuaFu mission is to provide the data during all phases of storm and substorm time that can be used to study the global energy release during all phases continuously. The data from auroral imager and other in-situ instruments on board KuaFu-B can be used to study the auroral dynamics and Joule heating during a storm and substorm. The data from the neutral atom imager instrument can be used to study the dynamics and the energy release in the ring current region from sudden commencement to complete storm recovery. Furthermore the data from KuaFu-A, which is around L1 point, can be used to study the interplanetary conditions along with the data from the plasma sheet to study the triggering process and energy release during a substorm. So, KuaFu mission with its continuous time monitoring facilities would enable us to make much progress towards solving the underlying problems.