飞行管理系统性能计算策略分析

根据飞行管理系统机载软件对于性能计算的需求,提出了理论公式计算方法和插值计算方法,对于传统的理论公式计算方法进行了延迟时间数据分析.对以上两种计算方法分别从计算过程、软件工程、系统工程三个方面进行了分析和比较后得出,插值计算方法在机载飞行管理系统软件中是比较合理的方法.针对大型客机先进的航空电子系统,描述了以上两种计算方法分别在电子飞行包软件和飞行管理机载软件中的不同应用和联系.     

Monitoring of rice cropping intensity in the upper Mekong Delta,Vietnam using time-series MODIS data

Information on rice growing areas is important for policymakers to devise agricultural plans. This research explores the monitoring of rice cropping intensity in the upper Mekong Delta, Vietnam (from 2001 to 2007) using time-series MODIS NDVI 250-m data. Data processing includes three steps: (1) noise is filtered from the time-series NDVI data using empirical mode decomposition (EMD); (2) endmembers are extracted from the filtered time-series data and trained in a linear mixture model (LMM) for classification of rice cropping systems; and (3) classification results are verified by comparing them with the ground-truth and statistical data. The results indicate that EMD is a good filter for noise removal from the time-series data. The classification results confirm the validity of LMM, giving an overall accuracy of 90.1% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.7. The lowest producer and user accuracies were associated with single crop rain-fed rice class due to the mixed pixel problems. A strong yearly correlation at the district level was revealed in the MODIS-derived areas (R² ? 0.9). Investigation of interannual changes in rice cropping intensity from 2001 to 2007 showed a remarkable conversion from double to triple crop irrigated rice from 2001 to 2003, especially in the Thoai Son and Phu Tan districts. A big conversion from triple crop rice back to double crop rice cultivation was also observed in Phu Tan from 2005 to 2006. These changes were verified by visual interpretation of Landsat images and examination of NDVI profiles.     

Longitudinal variations of the ionospheric trough position

For the first time a comprehensive pattern of the longitudinal effect of the ionospheric trough position was obtained. We present new results with longitudinal variations of the winter trough position as a function of geomagnetic latitude for both hemispheres and conditions of high and low solar activity and all local time hours. We used a large observational data set obtained onboard the Kosmos-900, Interkosmos-19 and CHAMP satellites for quiet geomagnetic conditions. We found that a magnitude of the trough position longitudinal effect averaged for a fixed local time is greater in the daytime (6–8°) than in the nighttime (3–5°). The longitudinal effect magnitude reaches its maximum (16°) in the morning (at 08 LT) in the Southern hemisphere at high solar activity. But on certain days at any solar activity the longitudinal effect magnitude can reach 9–10° even at night. The shape of the longitudinal effect was found to differ significantly in two hemispheres. In the Northern hemisphere the trough is usually closest to the pole in the eastern (American) longitudinal sector, and in the Southern hemisphere the trough is closest in the western (Eurasian) longitudinal sector. The magnitude and shape of the longitudinal effect is also different during low and high solar activity. The Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) simulations demonstrate that during low solar activity, the longitudinal variations of the daytime trough position is mainly determined by longitudinal variations of the ionization function, formed due to the longitudinal variations in the solar zenith angle and the atomic oxygen density distribution. The longitudinal variations of the nighttime trough position is formed by the longitudinal variations in ionization of precipitating auroral particles, neutral atmosphere composition, and electric field.     

基于希尔伯特-黄变换的雷达数据误差修正处理技术

由于雷达跟踪测量数据总存在误差,而目前采用的误差处理算法修正效果并不理想,为了有效估计数据中的未知误差,提高数据处理的精度,提出了一种基于希尔伯特-黄算法的雷达误差残差诊断方法,利用得到的内蕴模态函数拟合出误差残差的特征,准确分离出设备的误差信息。通过对某雷达的实测数据分析证明该方法较其他方法对解决该类问题更为有效,且在事后高精度数据处理中具有较好的实用性。     

航天器对流换热地面降压模拟的临界压力准则

航天器密封舱在地面模拟试验中常通过降压法抑制自然对流的影响,但降压比的选择 往往缺乏定量准则,这使得自然对流的抑制效果得不到保证。使用数值模拟方法确定临 界压力比,以几种典型航天器密封舱内的流动换热情况为例,分析了不同Gr／Re 2 数和压力比下密封舱内的流动换热情况。得到了舱内气体温度分布和对流换热系数。通 过比较空间情况和地面情况的计算结果,分析了自然对流给流动换热带来的影响,给出了判 断临界压力的准则式,并给出了临界Gr／Re 2数。结果表明：临界压力 的准则关系和密封舱的形状和内部结构无关。
     

预估太阳电池阵在轨最高温度的经验公式

针对距地高度为300～1000 km的太阳同步轨道,分析了一维转动展开式太阳电池阵的温度影响因素,给出了计算太阳电池阵最高温度的经验公式。此公式同样适用于低地球轨道的卫星,且计算结果可包络卫星热控状态变化带来的影响,在太阳电池阵设计阶段可为电源分系统提供太阳电池阵最高温度的初步数据。     

基于经验模态分解的地球同步轨道高能电子通量预报

在磁暴恢复相期间,大量相对论(高能)电子从磁层的外辐射带渗透到地球同步轨道区.其中> 2 MeV的高能电子能够穿透卫星表面并聚积在材料内部,导致卫星无法正常运行或完全损坏.磁暴期间的高能电子通量变化的非平稳与非线性特征十分明显.通过实验发现,经验模态分解法能够极大地降低高能电子通量非平稳性问题造成的预报影响.以2008-2009年的数据作为训练集,2010-2013年数据作为测试集.结果表明:2010-2013年的预报率约为0.84;在太阳活动较为复杂的2013年,预报率达到0.81.引入经验模态分解后预报效率得到显著提高.     

常用热电偶温度与电势互换公式

本文将常用的热电偶分度表,依照实际使用的需要,线性回归出电势(E)→温度(T)的多项式,并将镍铬-考铜热电偶补上温度(T)→电势(E)的多项式回归公式,供从事计算机测温控温的同行们使用中参考。该回归公式一律采用单精度计算,是便于在各种类型的计算机(包括单板机、单片机)上都可以使用。回归公式拟合精度高,既适合一般温度测控场合,也适用于要求严格的检定部门。回归的热电偶种类为:铂铑_(10)-铂(S)、铂铑_(30)-铂铑_6(B)、镍铬-镍硅(铝)(K)、镍铬-考铜(EA-2)。     

世界时与地球时转换经验公式的改进与比较

针对世界时与地球时的差值ΔT问题,提出了新的拟合多项式。基于美国海军天文台发布的1657年~2020年间的ΔT数据,以及IERS(International Earth Rotation and reference systems Service,国际地球自转和参考系服务组织)公报中公布的LS(Leap Seconds,跳秒)数据,在美国NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration,国家航空航天局)经验公式的基础上进行了改进,分别用3次、4次、5次、6次多项式进行拟合。然后,基于最小二乘法得到一组多项式经验公式,可适用于公元纪年、儒略日、简约儒略日以及从J2000.0起算的儒略世纪数等4种时间格式。通过精度计算表明,该组经验公式计算结果与USNO(United States Navy Observatory,美国海军天文台)基准序列的残差不超过±1.29s,与IERS基准序列的残差不超过±0.16s,整体优于NASA经验公式的计算精度。同时还给出了得到更高精度经验公式的拟合方法。