载荷作用下5A06铝合金焊接试样的腐蚀敏感性

针对5A06铝合金焊接对腐蚀敏感性的影响,研究了载荷作用下的不同焊缝方向（垂直、穿越）的5A06铝合金试样在50℃的3.5% NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为的影响和焊接接头的电化学腐蚀行为。结果表明,经过110 d的盐水溶液浸泡后,2种焊缝试样均是热影响区首先发生腐蚀,表面的腐蚀坑两侧由于材料组织的不同分别呈台阶式和韧窝状。穿越焊缝试样应力腐蚀敏感性较低,腐蚀坑顶端应力集中,有滑移台阶;垂直焊缝试样应力腐蚀敏感性较高,腐蚀坑沿焊缝贯穿试样表面,腐蚀坑两侧呈平行撕裂状态。电化学极化曲线表明,热影响区、母材区和焊缝区的自腐蚀电位分别为-1.369、-0.791和-0.740 V。      

FGH96亚尺寸粉末冶金盘低循环疲劳寿命可靠性分析及试验研究

本文首先介绍了亚尺寸粉末冶金盘的特点,接着采用一种适合于亚尺寸粉末盘寿命可靠性的预估方法,得到了考核部位的寿命概率分布并对参数敏感性进行了分析,最后对某亚尺寸粉末冶金盘试验件的低循环疲劳试验进行了研究。结果表明,本文采用的寿命可靠性预估方法是切合实际的。     

天然气氧化特性的实验与数值计算

在流动管反应器中对压力为0.1 MPa、温度范围为500~1 850 K、当量比分别为0.5、1.0与3.5的工况条件下天然气（90%甲烷/7%乙烷/3%丙烷，体积分数）的氧化过程进行了实验测试。同时，通过全局敏感性分析方法，构建了天然气的简化反应动力学机理（38组分和149反应），并对天然气的氧化特性进行了数值计算。结果表明：随着当量比增大，燃料发生氧化反应的起始温度与终止温度逐渐升高，CO生成与消耗完全对应的反应温度逐渐升高，NO的生成量逐渐降低。天然气的简化反应机理可以很好地预测天然气氧化过程中主要组分摩尔分数随温度变化的整体趋势；但是在C₃H₈、C₂H₂、NO、NO₂的起始反应温度或摩尔分数峰值的预测上与相应实验值存在差异。     

静电负刚度谐振式加速度计的非线性振动特性研究

为了进一步探究微机电系统(MEMS)传感器领域中静电力对非线性振动的影响,以静电负刚度谐振式加速度计(ENSRA)为研究对象进行动力学建模和实验分析.基于哈密顿原理建立了ENSRA机电耦合的非线性振动动力学模型,分析了其高阶非线性刚度的来源,并结合实验现象探究了MEMS传感器中静电力对器件非线性振动的影响,得到了驱动力与静电力对高阶非线性刚度的一般关系.经过开环扫频实验表明,当驱动力从100mV降低到60mV时,非线性振动优化了49％,当调谐电压从10V降低到6V时,非线性振动优化了44％,输出非线性降低了将近4个数量级,器件整体性能大幅提升,有效改善了二阶非线性刚度项导致的谐振器刚度软化和谐振峰的左偏现象.     

Damage sensitivity of a wing-type leading edge structure impacted by a bird

On the windward side of an aircraft, the components with higher probability of impact with birds are the wing-type leading edge structures, such as the wing and tail. A study on the damage sensitivity of a wing-type leading edge structure under bird strikes was presented in this paper. First, a bird strike test was carried out on a wing. The principles of the bird strike test equipment and method were introduced in detail, including the bird strike test system, bird projectile production process and data acquisition system. The dynamic strain measurement results, the high-speed camera videos, and the final deformation and damage morphology observations of the structure were obtained. Based on the coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) - Finite Element Method (FEM), the commercial software PAM-CRASH was used to simulate the process of a bird strike with the wing. The good agreement between the finite element simulation results and the experimental results shows that the calculation method and the numerical model presented in this paper were reasonable. On this basis, wing-type leading edge structures can be designed by adding triangular support. The bird strike resistances of an original structure and improved structure were studied by numerical simulation. The calculated results show that the improved wing-type leading edge structure is less damaged than the original structure under bird strike. The improved leading edge structure satisfied the anti-bird strike airworthiness requirements, as the thickness of the triangular support was 1.2 mm, and the weight of the structure was reduced by 0.87 kg compared with the original structure. This indicated that the bird strike resistance of the improved structure is better than that of the original structure, and the improved design of the wing-type leading edge structure presented in this paper is reasonable.     

副翼刚度模拟器优化设计与分析

副翼刚度模拟器是对副翼作动器的支撑刚度进行参数模拟的装置,是航空地面载荷试验中的关键器件,研究副翼刚度模拟器的刚度随位置的变化规律有利于其设计和应用,具有重要的工程价值。建立力学模型,提出刚度折减系数,探讨刚度模拟器的刚度特性;进行模拟器刚度仿真,并通过刚度测试试验验证力学模型和仿真的正确性;以目标刚度对距离的敏感性对模拟器的厚度进行优化设计。结果表明:提出的刚度折减系数可快速预测模拟器的刚度特性,7 mm是模型刚度板的最优厚度。     

TiB2颗粒对2195铝锂合金焊接头焊接性的影响

为了解决2195铝锂合金在焊接时裂纹敏感性高、焊接头软化等问题,通过调整焊丝的化学成分,添加微米级原位自生TiB_2颗粒,制备出BJ-4210焊丝,并对焊接头的抗裂性、力学性能及显微组织进行了研究。研究表明,TiB_2颗粒在熔池中作为形核质点,能够降低焊缝晶粒尺寸并且改变晶粒形态,从而有效的降低接头的裂纹敏感性,提高接头的力学性能,其拉伸强度达到370 MPa,延伸率为3.1%。BJ-4210焊丝的研制可为2195铝锂合金的工程应用提供技术支撑。