Ionosphere tomography based on spaceborne SAR

Two models of ionosphere tomography based on spaceborne SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) are proposed. For HF-SAR the signal with sweeping frequency lower than the characteristic frequency of ionosphere will be scatted during the ionosphere propagation and completely reflected at a corresponding height. The ionospheric electron density isolines looked as series of random surfaces can be reconstructed from the HF-SAR echoes by using the inverse scattering technique for layered rough surfaces and the method of moment (MoM). The numerical simulation show that due to the MoM can provide a full wave solution, the ionosphere tomography with high resolution can be obtained as long as enough sampling data of HF-SAR echoes are used. For VHF/UHF/P/L-band SAR the TEC (Total Electron Content) can be obtained from the SAR echoes scattered by some strong point targets (such as the calibrators, etc.) appeared in the SAR imaged ground region, and the ionosphere tomography can be performed by CT technique.     

AEKF在姿态确定中的应用研究

设计了加性扩展Kalman滤波器(AEKF),对卫星姿态进行了准确估计。针对四元数法描述卫星姿态所引起的信息冗余能使滤波误差协方差阵产生奇异,并导致滤波发散,为此提出了用协方差阵降维法解决该问题。仿真结果表明,应用本文设计的滤波器,能有效克服姿态敏感器的量测噪声,准确估计出卫星的姿态。     

高超声速飞行器相关的摩擦阻力直接测量技术

摩擦阻力是高超声速飞行器气动力的重要组成部分,也是制约高超声速飞行器发展的重要因素,因而对摩擦阻力的准确测量就显得尤为重要.简要介绍了近年国内外与高超声速相关的摩擦阻力直接测量技术的发展状况,同时对中国航天空气动力技术研究院自行研制的两套摩擦阻力测量装置作了介绍,并指出应变式摩阻天平技术是测量摩擦阻力的有效途径之一.文中给出了这两种结构形式摩阻天平的静校结果及其在高超声速风洞中的试验结果,并对结果进行了讨论.     

索穹顶结构的气动阻尼识别

索穹顶是一种具有很强风振敏感性的大跨柔性结构,风振问题在设计中应予以高度重视,这其中气动阻尼有至关重要的影响,而如何有效地识别气动阻尼则是问题的关键.利用肋环型索穹顶结构气弹模型风洞实验的数据,先由经验模态分解法提取信号的低频分量,并在此基础上采用改进的随机减量法及Hilbert变换得到结构的气动阻尼,结果证明该方法是稳定而有效的.最后在计算分析的基础上总结了索穹顶结构中气动阻尼随风速及风向角的变化规律.     

应用红外热像技术实验研究层板结构冷却特性

在高温热风洞中,应用红外热像系统对三个具有真实燃气轮机尺度的层板结构进行了冷却特性实验研究.为了描述冲击、对流及导热的综合作用,采用数字图像信号运算技术,直接获得描述冷却前后层板高温表面二维温差分布.通过比较三种层板结构综合冷却效率,详细讨论了绕流柱数目及直径、气膜孔角度、主流雷诺数和努塞尔数对层板冷却效率的影响.      

基于伴随技术的超音速反舰导弹末端机动突防的脱靶量分析

采用伴随技术,得到了确定性误差条件下反舰导弹末端机动突防的稳态脱靶量解析解。利用该解析解,得到了各种末端机动的脱靶量曲线。结果表明,两种非平面机动方式比平面机动方式有更大的脱靶量,从而有更好的突防效果。     

Modeling of LEO orbital debris populations for ORDEM2008

The NASA Orbital Debris Engineering Model, ORDEM2000, is in the process of being updated to a new version: ORDEM2008. The data-driven ORDEM covers a spectrum of object size from 10 μm to greater than 1 m, and ranging from LEO (low Earth orbit) to GEO (geosynchronous orbit) altitude regimes. ORDEM2008 centimeter-sized populations are statistically derived from Haystack and HAX (the Haystack Auxiliary) radar data, while micron-sized populations are estimated from shuttle impact records. Each of the model populations consists of a large number of orbits with specified orbital elements, the number of objects on each orbit (with corresponding uncertainty), and the size, type, and material assignment for each object. This paper describes the general methodology and procedure commonly used in the statistical inference of the ORDEM2008 LEO debris populations. Major steps in the population derivations include data analysis, reference-population construction, definition of model parameters in terms of reference populations, linking model parameters with data, seeking best estimates for the model parameters, uncertainty analysis, and assessment of the outcomes. To demonstrate the population-derivation process and to validate the Bayesian statistical model applied in the population derivations throughout, this paper uses illustrative examples for the special cases of large-size (>1 m, >32 cm, and >10 cm) populations that are tracked by SSN (the Space Surveillance Network) and also monitored by Haystack and HAX radars operating in a staring mode.     

基于卫星共视的罗兰C导航系统原子频标时间同步

介绍了CV技术的基本原理和罗兰C系统原子频标资源的使用状况,并通过引入系统融合和CV技术,对比对数据进行检测校验,最终实现了罗兰C导航系统原子频标与UTC时间基准同步。     

基于全息激光技术的纳米级分辨力位移传感器设计

介绍了一种新型的基于全息激光技术的纳米位移传感器。全息激光技术最早广泛应用在CD,DVD等系统中,用以读取光盘信息,并对光盘进行寻迹、聚焦等。文中以采用全息激光技术的全息激光头为核心器件,结合少量光学元件,设计出一种纳米分辨力级位移传感器,并通过实验验证了设计结果。     

Hardware-in-the-loop simulations of GPS-based navigation and control for satellite formation flying

A relative navigation and formation control algorithm for satellite formation flying was developed, and a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation testbed was established and configured to evaluate this algorithm. The algorithm presented is a relative navigation estimation algorithm using double-difference carrier-phase and single-difference code measurements based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF). In addition, a state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) technique is utilized as a nonlinear controller for the formation control problem. The state-dependent coefficient (SDC) form is formulated to include nonlinearities in the relative dynamics. To evaluate the relative navigation and control algorithms developed, a closed-loop HIL testbed is configured. To demonstrate the performance of the testbed, a test formation flying scenario comprising formation acquisition and keeping in a low earth orbit (LEO) has been established. The relative navigation results from the closed-loop simulations show that a 3D RMS of 0.07 m can be achieved for position accuracy. The targeted leader–follower formation flying in the along-track separation of 100 m was maintained with a mean position error of approximately 0.2 m and a standard deviation of 0.9 m. The simulation results show that the HIL testbed is capable of successful demonstration of the GPS-based satellite autonomous formation flying mission.